Shear and Moment in Beams Definition of a Beam A beam is a bar subject to forces

or couples that lie in a plane containing the longitudinal section of the bar.
According to determinacy, a beam may be determinate or indeterminate. Statically
Determinate Beams Statically determinate beams are those beams in which the rea
ctions of the supports may be determined by the use of the equations of static e
quilibrium. The beams shown below are examples of statically determinate beams.
Statically Indeterminate Beams If the number of reactions exerted upon a beam ex
ceeds the number of equations in static equilibrium, the beam is said to be stat
ically indeterminate. In order to solve the reactions of the beam, the static eq
uations must be supplemented by equations based upon the elastic deformations of
the beam. The degree of indeterminacy is taken as the difference between the um
ber of reactions to the number of equations in static equilibrium that can be ap
plied. In the case of the propped beam shown, there are three reactions R1, R2,
and M and only two equations (SM = 0 and SFv = 0) can be applied, thus the beam
is indeterminate to the first degree (3 - 2 = 1).
Types of Loading Loads applied to the beam may consist of a concentrated load (l
oad applied at a point), uniform load, uniformly varying load, or an applied cou
ple or moment. These loads are shown in the following figures.
Shear and Moment Diagrams Tags: shear and moment equations moment equation momen
t diagram shear equation shear diagram shear and moment diagrams Shear and Momen
t Diagrams Consider a simple beam shown of length L that carries a uniform load
of w (N/m) throughout its length and is held in equilibrium by reactions R1 and
R2. Assume that the beam is cut at point C a distance of x from he left support
and the portion of the beam to the right of C be removed. The portion removed mu
st then be replaced by vertical shearing force V together with a couple M to hol
d the left portion of the bar in equilibrium under the action of R1 and wx. The
couple M is called the resisting moment or moment and the force V is called the
resisting shear or shear. The sign of V and M are taken to be positive if they h
ave the senses indicated above. INSTRUCTION: Write shear and moment equations fo
r the beams in the following problems. In each problem, let x be the distance me
asured from left end of the beam. Also, draw shear and moment diagramsStructural
Steel Buildings (ANSI/AISC 360-10) and the 14th Edition of the AISC Steel Const
ruction Manual.
The design examples provide coverage of all applicable limit states whether or n
ot a particular limit state controls the
design of the member or connection.
In addition to the examples which demonstrate the use of the Manual tables, desi
gn examples are provided for
connection designs beyond the scope of the tables in the Manual. These design ex
amples are intended to demonstrate
an approach to the design, and are not intended to suggest that the approach pre
sented is the only approach. The
committee responsible for the development of these design examples recognizes th
at designers have alternate
approaches that work best for them and their projects. Design approaches that di
ffer from those presented in these
examples are considered viable as long as the Specification, sound engineering,
and project specific requirements are
satisfied.The couple M is called the resisting moment or moment and the force V
is called the resisting shear or shear. The sign of V and M are taken to be posi
tive if they have the senses indicated above. INSTRUCTION: Write shear and momen
t equations for the beams in the following problems. In each problem, let x be t
he distance measured from left end of the beam. Also, draw shear and moment diag
rams, specifying values at all change of loading positions and at points of zero
shear. Neglect the mass of the beam in each problem.
Solution to Problem 403 | Shear and Moment Diagrams Tags: moment diagram shear d
iagram shear and moment diagrams simple beam concentrated load overhanging beam
Problem 403 Beam loaded as shown in Fig. P-403. ShowClick here to read or hide t
he general instruction Solution 403 HideClick here to show or hide the solution
From the load diagram: Segment AB: Segment BC:

Segment CD: To draw the Shear Diagram: 1. In segment AB, the shear is uniformly
distributed over the segment at a magnitude of -30 kN. 2. In segment BC, the she
ar is uniformly
Part I of these examples is organized to correspond with the organization of the
Specification. The Chapter titles
match the corresponding chapters in the Specification.
Part II is devoted primarily to connection examples that draw on the tables from
the Manual, recommended design
procedures, and the breadth of the Specification. The chapters of Part II are la
beled II-A, II-B, II-C, etc.
Part III addresses aspects of design that are linked to the performance of a bui
lding as a whole. This includes
coverage of lateral stability and second order analysis, illustrated through a f
our-story braced-frame and momentframe
building.
The Design Examples are arranged with LRFD and ASD designs presented side by sid
e, for consistency with the
AISC Manual. Design with ASD and LRFD are based on the same nominal strength for
each element so that the
only differences between the approaches are which set of load combinations from
ASCE/SEI 7-10 are used for
design and whether the resistance factor for LRFD or the safety factor for ASD i
s used.
CONVENTIONS
The following conventions are used throughout these examples:
1. The 2010 AISC Specification for Structural Steel Buildings is referred to as
the AISC Specification and the
14th Edition AISC Steel Construction Manual, is referred to as the AISC Manual.
2. The source of equations or tabulated values taken from the AISC Specification
or AISC Manual is noted
along the right-hand edge of the page.
3. When the design process differs between LRFD and ASD, the designs equations a
re presented side-by-side.
This rarely occurs, except when the resistance factor, ???and the safety factor,
?, are applied.
4. The results of design equations are presented to three significant figures th
roughout these calculations.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The AISC Committee on Manuals reviewed and approved V14.0 of the AISC Design Exa
mples:
William A. Thornton, Chairman
Mark V. Holland, Vice Chairman
Abbas Aminmansour
Charles J. Carter
Harry A. Cole
Douglas, specifying values at all change of loading positions and at points of z
ero shear. Neglect the mass of the beam in each problem.