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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, KHARAGPUR

End-Spring Semester Examination, 2012-2013

Subject: Chemical Process Technology

Date: 17.04.2013 (AN)
Time: 3 Hrs

Subject No.: CH 30014

Full Marks: 60

Instructions : Use same ANSWER BOOK for Part A and Part B.

Do not ask for clarification on any question. State and assume any missing data suitably.

Q1a.

PART- A [Answer Alrf4 QUESTIONS OUT OF Ql TO Q5]

A naphtha based fertilizer plant produces urea [CO(NH2) 2]. The feed naphtha having 18%
wlw H2 has a density of 730 Kg/M 3 This plant receives naphtha in railway wagons with
unloading capacity of 1200 M 31day. Estimate the maximum daily production of ammonia
in the ammonia production section of this plant. (Atomic weights ofN, 0 and Hare 14, 16
and 1). [12 marks]

Q2a.

List the potential pollutants from fillY specific chemical industry of your choice- include
solid, liquid and gaseous wastes I effluents I emissions. Describe the treatment process for
only the liquid effluent with a process flow diagram and its description. [2+5:::;7 marks]

Q2b.

Explain why in manufacture of liquid nitrogen and oxygen in an air separation plant all
modern plants use the 'double-column' configuration. [5 marks]

Q3.

A naphtha cracker is producing a stream with same molar proportion of ethylene and
acetylene. The recoveries of these components are both 98%. It is decided to produce
vinyl chloride from both these components in two plants. Chlorine is available as a raw
material from the caustic - chlorine plant within the chemical complex. What will be the
optimum ratio of vinyl chloride production capacity of these two plants considering 95%
yield in each process stage? [12 marks]

Q4.

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Above figure shows the reactor section of an ammonia plant fed with fresh feed consisting
of 1000 kmollhr ofNz+Hz. In addition it also has 2 kmol!hr argon. In the reactor 25% of
the Nz+H 2 fed is converted to ammonia that gets condensed and separated as liquid
ammonia stream. Exit gas from separator contains unconverted reactants, part of which is
recycled and the rest is purged out. The reactor feed must not contain more that 5 moles of
argon per mole ofN2+Hz entering reactor. Find (a) the production rate of liquid ammonia
in kmollhr, (b) reactor inlet total flow rate at minimum purge flow rate. [9+3=12 marks]
Q5.

Bangladesh has proposed exporting natural gas to India. Write a brief technical note with
accompanying process I block flow diagrams outlining the routes for the petrochemicals
you suggest to be manufactured in a petrochemical complex at Haldia. [12 marks]
End of Part A
Continued 212

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PART-B [AnswerQ. NO.6]

1:;:.

Q6

Answer in brief any

12 from the followipg (12 X 1 = 12 marks)

(a)

Why for production of BTX by catalytic reforming of naphtha the feedstock is chosen to
be lighter (lower boiling range) than that for producing high octane reformate?

(b)

The step of 'Xanthation' is used in manufacture of which synthetic product starting from
cellulose? What is this step?

(c)

Why do all plants producing super phosphate fertilizer in India have sulphuric acid plants
in their factory?

(d)

Which type of mixer is used to mix the powdered additives (carbon black, calcium
carbonate etc.) with raw rubber during its processing?

(e)

Natural gas contains both C02 and H2S as impurities. How are these removed?

(f)

What's 'black liquor'?

(g)

State two typical characteristics of Indian crude oil.

(h)

Apart from raw material, which is the largest operating cost component in a cement plant?

(i)

What's an atactic polymer?

(j)

Which are the f!lajor pollutants present in the liquid effluent from a viscose rayon plant?

(k)

What are the specific differences between a 'block flow diagram' and a 'process flow
diagram'?

(I)

Why the products from a petroleum refinery called co-products of refining?

(m)

In a mixed fertilizer grade 5-l 0-5, what is the weight fraction of the elemental potassium
present in it?

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