Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Objective
In this tutorial, we will see how we could interface a simple switch to micrcontroller. Yes, it is indeed very
simple, later in this tutorial we will do some logical operations with LEDs and Switches.
Switch Basics
If we directly connect a switch to one of the microcontroller port pins, the pin floats when the switch is open.
Meaning, it is not at a fixed logic level 0v or 5v. Hence we pull the pin up through a resistor to 5v(LOGIC 1),
as shown in the figure 1. Now, whenever the switch is pressed, it grounds(LOGIC 0) the port pin.
Now we could go ahead and interface it to the microcontroller, but we would rather interface 8 switches and 8
LED's to two ports as shown in the schematic below.
Schematic
1
A DIP (dual in line package) Switch, array of 8 switches is connected to PORT3 AND 8 LEDs
to PORT2.
Observe the RR1 component, it is array of 8 resistors in a single pack(SIP). It is as good as connecting
8 pullup resistors as shown in figure 1. You could also use 8 discrete resistors as well.
Experiments
1. Read Switches and Display Status on LEDs
This a very simple one, configure PORT3 (switches) as inputs and PORT2 (LEDs) as outputs; read the switch
status and display on LEDs.
while(1)
{
switchInput = SWITCHES; /* Get the SWITCH combination */
LEDS= switchInput;
/* Dispaly the SWITCH I/P on LEDS */
}
}
For this experiment, we will divide switches into three groups as shown in table 1. Switches connected to P3.7
and P3.6 are Operators,they are selected as shown in table 2 to perform bit-wise logical operations on Group
A and Group B.
Table:1
Operation
P3.7
Group A
P3.6
P3.5
Group B
P3.4
P3.3
P3.2
Table 2:
P3.7
P3.6
Operation
P3.1
P3.0
AND
OR
XOR
INVERT(group A)
*/
while(1)
{
operation = ((SWITCHES >> 6) & 0x03); /*extract the operation(D6,D7)
*/
groupA
D3) */
groupB
D0) */
switch(operation)
/*perform operations as per
table*/
{
case 0x00: result = groupA & groupB; /* Perform AND operation*/
break;
case 0x01:
break;
case 0x02: result = groupA ^ groupB; /* Perform XOR operation*/
break;
case 0x03:
groupA*/
break;
default: result = 0x00;
break;
}
LEDS= result;
LEDS */
}
}
Switches_and_LEDs.zip