Mechanical Specification

HVAC CONSULTANT:
Eng. ABDEL SALAM MAHROUS

HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
CHAPTER 1
GENERAL PROVISION
1. ORGANIZATION OF THE WORK:
1.1The work called for under this contract shall be carried on simultaneously with the work of
other trades in a manner such as not to delay the overall progress of the work. The HVAC
contractor, shall be prepared to furnish promptly to other trades involved at the project all
information and measurements relating to the work which they may require. He shall
cooperate with them in order to secure the harmony necessary in the interest of the project as
a whole.
1.2The HVAC contractor shall put his work in place as fast as possible to meet all
construction schedules.
1.3The HVAC contractor should keep at all times a competent superintendent in charge of the
work. Such superintendent shall be replaced if unsatisfactory to the owner.
1.4The HVAC contractor, should keep at all times a complete file of all contract and shop
drawings at the site and available for inspection by owner representatives. All installation and
equipment shop drawings shall be initialed and dated upon installation. This procedure will
serve to ensure proper scheduling and enable owner's representatives to check the work in
progress.
1.5Every facility shall be provided to permit inspection of the work by owner's representatives
during the course of construction.
1.6The HVAC contractor shall be responsible for his work until its completion and final
acceptance, and shall replace any of the same which may be damaged, lost or stolen, without
additional cost to the owner and party contracting for his services.
2. APPROVAL OF THE WORK:
2.1All workmanship, equipment and materials supplied under this contract shall be subject to
the acceptance of the owner and his representatives, who shall have the power to reject any
items which in their judgment are not in full compliance with the plans and specifications.
2.2Fifteen days following award of project drawings acceptance by the owner, the contractor
shall start submitting the required information pertaining to the equipment and materials he
will be furnishing, commencing with the list of manufacturers and following up in short order
with the shop drawings and other documents. The owner and his representatives reserve the
right to reject, as unacceptable; any items for which in their judgment they have not been
allowed adequate lead time in which to investigate suitability.
3. PERMITS, INSPECTIONS:
3.1All required permits and inspection certificates shall be obtained, paid for, and made
available at the completion of the work.
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
3.2Any portion of the work, which is not subject to the approval of an authority having
jurisdiction, shall be governed by the applicable sections of the overall international codes and
specifications.
4 STANDARDS:
4.1Codes: All air conditioning work shall comply with current applicable local and
international codes and authorities having jurisdiction.
4.2
In addition to the requirements shown or specified, comply with the latest current
applicable standards, specifications or codes published by:
1. ASME
2. ARI
3. ANSI
4. ASHRAE
5. ASTM
6. NFPA
7 UL
8 NEMA
9 SMACNA
10BS
American society of mechanical engineers.

Air conditioning and refrigeration institute
American national standards institute.
American society of heating refrigerating and air
conditioning engineers.
American society for testing and materials
National fire protection association.
Underwriter's laboratories.
National electrical manufacturer's association.
Sheet metal and HVAC contractor's national association.
British standards
4.3Include all items of labor and material required to comply with such standards and codes in
accordance with Contract Documents. Where quantity sizes or other requirements indicated
on drawings or herein specified are in excess of the standard or code requirements, the
specifications and/or drawings shall govern.
4.4The HVAC drawings shall serve as working drawings for the general layout of the various
items of equipment. However, layout of equipment, accessories, specialties, ductwork, and
piping systems are diagrammatic unless specifically dimensioned, and do not necessarily
indicate every required valve, fitting, trap, duct, elbow, transition, turning vane ,or similar
items required for a complete installation .
5. QUALIFICATIONS:
5.1This specifications indicate the required standard of quality and characteristics of the
various products installation layouts based on these products as shown on the drawings.
5.2Equivalent products by other manufacturers may be substituted. If equivalents are
substituted, the contractor shall be responsible for all modifications that must be made to the
structural, architectural, electrical, mechanical and plumbing work to accommodate the
installation, and shall perform all work required to complete the installation at no additional
cost to the owner.
6 SUBMITTALS:
6.1 Shop drawings:
Submit to owner or his representative for review in accordance with the requirements of the
contract documents three copies detail dimensioned shop drawings as stipulated in the
sections of specification. These drawings shall be new drawings prepared by the contractor
and. In preparing shop drawings, establish lines and levels for the work specified and check
the drawings to avoid interference with structural features and other work. Immediately call to
the attention of owner or his representative any interference for clarification in writing. Shop
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
drawings shall include floor layouts drawn to a minimum scale of 1:100 showing all
equipment, ductwork and piping ,and scale 1:50 and 1:25 for details .
6.2 Manufacturers' literature:
Manufacturers' literature and data sheet shall be submitted in three copies indicating the
necessary installation dimensions, weights, and materials and performance information. The
performance shall include capacities, rpm, HP, pressure drop, design and operating pressure,
temperatures, and similar data complete electrical data, including power conditions, electrical
diagrams shall be included.
7. GUARANTEE PERIOD:
7.1The contractor shall guarantee the material and workmanship for the required installations
and satisfactorily operation for twelve months from the date of final acceptance and taking
over without showing any defect due to any cause.
7.2 Repair work required because of failure of materials or workmanship within the guarantee
period will be completed without cost to the owner. All repair work required for defects
occurring beyond the guarantee period will be paid for by the owner.
8. SAMPLES:
Submit to owner or his representative two- (2) samples of each type of air outlet and any
material required by owner.
9. PROTECTION:
The contractor shall keep all pipe and duct openings closed by means of plugs or caps to
prevent the entrance of foreign matter, and cover all fixtures equipment and apparatus as
required to protect them against dirt, water, chemical or mechanical damage both before and
after installation. Any such fixtures, equipment or apparatus damaged prior to final
acceptance of the work shall be restored to its original condition or replaced by the contractor
and at his own cost.
10. PAINTING:
10.1Priming: All shop-fabricated and factory-built equipment not galvanized or protected by
plating, shall be cleaned and given one shop coat of paint primer, before delivery to the site.
Any portions of the shop coat damaged in delivery or during construction shall be located.
10.2Nameplates:Do not paint nameplates, labels, tags, stainless steel or chromium - plated
items such as valve stems, motor shafts, levers, handles, trim stripe, etc.
11. IDENTIFICATION:
After finish painting is completed, paint or stencil 1-1/2"(38 mm) high black-enamel block
type letters and/or numerals on all items of equipment for identification purposes.
Also paint or stencil a complete system of ductwork identification adjacent to each valve and
damper, branch take -off runs with flow arrows
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
12. ELECTRICITY AND WATER:
The contractor shall be entitled to use such supplies of electricity and water as shall be
available on the site for the work and shall , at his own expense, provide any apparatus
necessary for such use .
13. PERIOD OF INSTALLATION:
Tenders shall state in their offers the time within which they shall install the required
equipment indicated in this tender, taking into consideration the
installation program
provided by owner.
Renderers' are requested to give the shortest period possible for the installation. Length
of time shall be taken into consideration.
14. INSTRUCTION MANUALS:
Provide 3 copies in bound booklet form containing the following information
*Descriptive literature of equipment and components with manufacturers name, model
number, capacity rating and operating characteristics.
*Service manual prepared by manufacturer for every major piece of equipment giving
operating and maintenance instructions starting and shut - down instructions, lubrication
instructions and list of possible breakdown and repairs.
*Manufacturers list of general spare parts for every piece of equipment with unit prices.
*Manufacturers list of recommended spare parts for three year of operation of each piece of
equipment with unit prices.
*Detailed and simplified color coded as-installed wiring diagrams of motor controllers and
automatic controls with tag number, location and function of each instrument and electrical
device with description of sequence of operation and interlocks.
15. RECORD DRAWINGS:

Submit 3 sets of as-built drawings and electrical wiring diagrams
All as built diagrams shall be plasticized in a frame in machinery room.
16. Proposed HVAC system
1) Chilled water plant shall consist of :
*Two electrically driven air cooled screw chillers located on roof
the unit shall consist of two compressors, and two separate refrigerant circuits,
unit shall comprise microprocessor control center, flow switches and vibration isolators. Units
shall deliver chilled water to all building systems requiring this utility.
* Three chilled water pumps shall be provided including (one stand by). To deliver chilled
water to all air handling units and fan coil units
2) Fan coil units shall be properly located to direct flow of supply air to rooms. Units shall be
quiet-operating, and shall include three speed manually operated fan switch with on "off"
position, control system shall affect by on / off control valve, electric heaters shall be provided
for all F.C.Us and air handling units, for heating purposes
.
3) Supply outlet for fan coil units and air handling units
4) Exhaust system shall be provided for toilets, also exhaust system shall be provided for
kitchen hoods with air quantities suitable to remove smoke and odors.
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
5) Air handling units shall be installed to serve areas and shall supply conditioned air through
thermally insulated galvanized sheet metal ducts with air outlets to the required spaces
END OF CHAPTER
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
CHAPTER 2
AIR COOLED CHILLER
1. GENERAL :
The contractor shall furnish and install microprocessor controlled air cooled liquid chillers
utilizing screw compressors and electronic expansion valves
.All units construction shall be designed to conform to ASHRAE 15 latest revision safety
standard , NEC (U.S.A.) and ASME applicable codes & ARI or equivalent European
standard and tolerances
All units shall be designed, manufactured and tested in facility with quality assurance system
certified ISO 9001,1994,
.Machine safety .electrical equipment in machines, general regulation to be in accordance to
EN 60204-1
Factory assembled , single piece , air cooled liquid chillers, contained within their unit
cabinets shall be all factory wiring , piping , controls ,refrigerant charge (R 134-a) , and
special features required prior to field start-up .
Capacities and characteristics shall be as per technical schedule .
2. EQUIPMENT :
Chases and Casing
Frame shall be made of U steal beam and protected by three layers of paint
The unit cabinet shall be galvanized steel , with polyester-powder paint finish, electro
statically applied and oven-baked before assembly and withstanding test accordance with
ASTM standard
. Compressors
-Semi-hermetic twin-screw gear driven compressors with internal muffler and check valve.
Each compressor is equipped with a discharge shutoff valve.
Capacity control shall be provided by pilot- operated solenoid valve, capable of reducing unit
capacity to 20%
-Motor cooling shall be provided by direct liquid injection and protected by internal over load
thermistor
-Lube oil system shall include pre filter and internal filter
Cooler
Shall be tested and stamped in accordance with European standard
Multi-tube evaporator with 2 independent refrigerant circuit, internally-enhanced, seamless
copper tubes ,expanded into tube sheets.
Evaporator shall have refrigerant level control, drain and vent valves
Thermal insulation of the shell and end covers using 19 mm closed-cell polyurethane.
Mechanically cleanable shell and tube type with removable heads
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
Condensers
-Pre coated aluminum fins mechanically bonded to copper tubes, with built in sub coolers.
-Condenser fan motor shall be 3 phase type with permanently lubricated and class F insulation
and protected by circuit breaker
-Ultra low-noise axial fans with blades and rotating shroud, made of recyclable composite
material
Refrigerant Circuits
Each refrigerant circuit includes one compressor , oil separator ,replaceable core filter drier ,
combined moisture indicator and sight glass, discharge and liquid shutoff valves , expansion
valve and refrigerant economizer .
Control Box ,Power and Control Wiring
Galvanized sheet steel, polyester paint finish , with hinged access doors, containing one
contactor and one set of fuses per compressor, control circuit transformer, 3-phase power
supply terminals. Inside of control box control circuit cables and electrical components
numbered .
Oil Supply Solenoid Valve :
An oil supply solenoid valve is standard on the compressor to isolate the compressor from oil
flow when the compressor is not operating. The oil solenoid is field replaceable .
Suction & Economizer Screens :
To increase the reliability of the compressor, a screen has been incorporated as a standard
feature into suction and economizer inlets of the compressor.
Unloading System :
Screw compressor shall have an unloading system consisting of two steps of unloading that
decrease the compressor capacity by rerouting partially compressed gas back to suction .
Head Pressure Control :
The unit shall be equipped with head pressure control system for controlling fans based on
saturated condensing temperature.
Safeties & Control :
Unit shall be equipped with all necessary safeties and control system.
Unit control shall include as a minimum the microprocessor. the local/off/ remote/cnn
selector and 6 digit diagnostic display
Shall be capable of performing the following features:
-Automatic change-over, capacity control, limiting chilled water temperature,
-Control of leaving water temperature with return temperature compensation for control of
compressors and electronic expansion valves .
-Protection against abnormal operating conditions high or low refrigerant pressure,
- Protection against low suction temperature , insufficient chilled water flow ,compressor
reverse rotation ,low oil pressure ,voltage imbalance ,ground current thermal overload
,electrical overload ,loss of phase, etc
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
-Control shall provide general alarm remote indication for each circuit
.Communication:
Unit controls include a 2-line ,24-character per line diagnostic display. Display module is
capable of displaying set points ,time ,system status ( including temperatures, pressures,
and percent loading ) ,and any alarms or alert conditions .Remote control: start/stop , dual
set point, adjustment ,demand limit control, general fault reporting by circuit .
Chillers have the following options and accessories
Pre coated for coil and fins
Protection grills
High and low pressure manometers
Compressor suction valve
Compressor and evaporator sound enclosure and condenser acoustic louver
Low nose fan
Compressor has electronic starter
Tropical zed control box
. Electrical characteristics
Unit with two compressors shall have a factory-installed, star delta starter to limit electrical
inrush current.
Control voltage shall be supplied by a factory installed transformer.
Unit shall be supplied with factory- installed, electrical disconnect switch/ circuit breaker.
END OF CHAPTER
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
CHAPTER 3
CENTRIFUGAL WATER PUMPS

1. GENERAL
The contractor shall furnish and install as shown on the drawings as described in these
specifications single stage, split case centrifugal pumps each of the size and capacity shown in
the pump schedule.
2. DESCRIPTION AND MATERIAL
2.1 Impeller shall be bronze, cast in one piece, enclosed type statically and dynamically
balanced and keyed to the shaft and secured with a suitable locknut.
2.2 Shaft shall be of high- grade stainless steel.
2.3 mechanical seal: all pumps shall be provided with mechanical seals of flexible bellows
type it shall be suitable to with stand specified pump design pressure, springs shall be of
stainless steel and metal parts of seal head shall be non-rusting material
2.4 bearings shall be heavy duty ball bearings sealed For Life, sized to transmit highest loads
and pre-packed with high temperature grease.
2.5 pump working pressure shall be 150 PSI at the design water temperature
2.6 Impeller diameter shall be selected so that the design capacity of each pump shall not
exceed 80 % of the capacity obtainable with maximum impeller diameter at the design speed
for that model.
2.7 A replaceable shaft sleeve shall be furnished to cover the wetted area of the shaft under the
seal or packing.
2.8 The pump and motor shall be mounted on a common base plate of heavy structural
steel design with securely welded cross members and open grouting area.
2.9 A flexible coupler, capable of absorbing torsion vibration, shall be employed between the
pump and motor, and it shall be equipped with a suitable coupling guard as required.
2.10 motor sizes shall be selected completely non overloading over the entire performance
range of the particular pump.
Motor type shall be TEFC , with class F insulation
2.11 Pump casing shall be manufactured from close - grained cast iron machine to fine limits.
2.12 The pump shall be factory , thoroughly cleaned , and painted with one coat of
machinery enamel prior to shipment. A set of installation instructions shall be included with
the pump at the time of shipment.
END OF CHAPTER
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
CHAPTER-4
FAN COIL UNITS
1-GENERAL
Provide fan coil units produced by a manufacturer listed as an acceptable manufacturer
Furnish and install factory assembled fan coil units of size, type, capacities and
arrangement indicated on drawing and specified herein.
Units shall be ARI certified ARI that capacities and size of each model is in compliance
with the industry standard 440-89. And sound in accordance with industry standard 44371 for sound rating of fan coil units
Any unit does not fulfill this requirement shall be replaced
2-COMPONANTS
2-1 UNIT CABINET
Basic unit shall include coil , sleeved coil end supports , main and auxiliary drain pan,
fan board , fan , fan housing, 3 speed motor
Units chassis and panels shall be made of heavy gauge galvanized steel. Lined on the
inside with 10mm thick closed cells fire retardant insulation
Filters shall be standard type .and shall be very easy to remove without tools and fixing
on sliding rails
2-2 COOLING COIL
Coils shall be seamless copper tubing mechanically expanded into high efficiency
corrugated aluminum fins, the coil shall has manual air vent. Coils shall be 3 rows
minimum.
Maximum working pressure 300 psig, factory burst test 450 psig
2-3 DRAIN PAN
Drain pans shall be made of galvanized steel. epoxy paint coated on both sides and
externally covered by closed cells insulation .the drain pan shall be sized to collect and
discharge condensate coming from coil ,headers and coil bends
2-4 FAN
Fan wheels centrifugal forward-curved, double width statically and dynamically balanced,
of aluminum alloy for quit operation Fan casing and inlet cones are made of galvanized
steel for long life operation .
2-5 MOTOR
Motor shall 3 speed , permanent split capacitor type of class F insulation All wiring is
made at 220V-50HZ ,three speed and have ,integral thermal overload protection. Motor
shall operate satisfactorily at 90 % of rated voltage on all speed settings and at 10 % over
voltage without undue magnetic noise.
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
2-6 HEATER
Electric heater shall be finned armored type complete with contactor and with safety
thermostat and factory wired to the unit .
2-7 ROOM THERMOSTAT
Shall be calibrated and has cooler /warmer knob with degree readings and 3 speed /off fan
control switch
END OF CHAPTER
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
CHAPTER 5
PIPE WORK AND FITTINGS
1. GENERAL:
Each part of the system of piping shall be complete in all details and provided with all
control valves and accessories necessary for satisfactory operation.
The tender drawings indicate generally the sizes and routing of all main piping
The contractor has to submit shop drawing showing details of all piping, locations ,anchors,
guides, expansion loops and hangers,
All piping shall be grouped wherever practical and shall be erected to present a neat
appearance. Pipes shall be parallel to each other and paralleled or at right angles to structural
members of the building and shall give maximum possible headroom.
All pipe drops shall be truly vertical, no joints shall be formed in thickness of walls, floors or
ceilings. The contractor is responsible for ascertaining from the owner the thickness of plaster
and other wall finishes, skirting heights, and floor finishes.
Pipe work shall generally be set around all columns and shall follow the contour of the
building whether so indicated on the drawings or not
Piping shall not pass in front of door - ways so that it is at least 15 cms. above finished floor
level and at least 2.5 cms from finished wall face. Sufficient space shall be allowed for
accessibility for servicing.
Piping shall be pitched for proper circulation and drainage.
Run outs shall be graded in such a manner as to prevent air traps being formed within them
when the mains expand or contract Automatic or open vents are to be provided at high points
and piped to suitable drains.
All drain piping shall be galvanized steel at roof and polypropylene inside building ,drain
pipes shall be pitch down in the direction of flow.
All low points of the system must be fitted with drain valves to permit the complete draining
of the system.
Bottoms of all risers must have dirt pockets the same size of the riser and at least 30 cms long
with a drain valve fitted.
Automatic and manual air vent valves are to be provided at high points and piped to suitable
drains.
All water piping to equipment and valves shall be connected with either flanges or unions for
dismantling and removal.
All piping shall be reamed after cutting to remove all burrs.
All piping installation shall be allowed the contraction and expansion of the pipes by means
of changing the pipe direction or using expansion joints
All reductions in sizes of piping in the direction of downward pitch shall be installed with
eccentric fittings to maintain a level bottom.
Approved pipe fittings shall be used and bending of pipes will not be allowed.
Bends showing kinks, wrinkles, or other malformations, will not be acceptable
Cutting of bends will not be permitted.
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
Piping shall not be installed passing through ductwork or directly under electric light outlets
or extend beyond furring lines, as determined by the drawings.
In placing pipes through sleeves, near walls, partitions or in chases care must be taken to
provide sufficient space for pipe covering.
Where pipes are held by vises, as when screwing, care shall be taken to ensure that the pipe
surface is not damaged.
Any pipe work so damaged shall not be fitted.
All pipes stored on site shall be kept clear off the ground and where possible stored under
cover. Pipes corroded beyond normal " stock rust " condition shall not be used . Special care
should be taken to prevent dirt and foreign matter entering open ends of pipes during
erection.
All pipes shall have two coats of paint prior to installation and final coat after installation.
All pipe work, valves, fittings, etc., shall be as detailed for the various services in the
schedules forming part of this specification.
2. MATERIAL OF PIPING:
Service
Chilled water
Material
Seamless steel
Type
Black
Vent
Seamless steel
Black
Drain
Galvanized
/Polypropylene
heavy
Specification
Schedule 40
heavy
Schedule 40
heavy
standard
ASTM
A53,A120
ASTM
A53,A120
3. MATERIAL OF PIPE FITTING:

Service
Size
Material Type
Standard
chilled water
chilled water
2" &below
2.5"&above
MI Screwed
Steel Welding
ANSI B16.11
ANSI B16.9
Vent
Drain
All
All
MI Screwed
Screwed
ANSI B16.11
4. PIPE SUPPORTS AND ANCHORS:

All supports for steel piping shall be ferrous. Brackets or supports shall be set out so that they
do not obstruct the access to valves, flanges or other fittings requiring maintenance.
0All pipe work shall be support by means of approved clips or hangers at centers as detailed .
In the event of two or more pipes being carried by a single support the spacing shall be for the
shorter interval.
All vertical drops shall be supported so as to prevent sagging or swinging . Unless otherwise
indicated, pipe hangers shall be spaced as follows :
Pipe size
1 and smaller
1 1/4 to 4
5 to 8
10and larger
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Max. hanger spacing

6Ft
9 Ft
12Ft
20 Ft
Rod size
3/8
1/2
3/4
1 1/2
HVAC CONSULTANT:
All hangers on pinning including clevis, hangers, inserts, clamps. Brackets shall be dipped in
zinc chromate primarily before installation. Rods shall be galvanized.
Hangers for pips up to 4 inch shall be adjustable wrought clevis, hangers for larger pipes shall
consists of two rods and cross rod with cust iron pipe rollers complete with adjustable sockets
and nuts.
Piping at all equipment valves shall be supported to prevent or distortions in the connected
equipment valves. Piping shall be supported to allow for removal of equipment valves and
accessories with a minimum of dismantling and without requiring additional supports after
these items are removed.
All channels, angles, plates, clamps, etc . necessary for the fastening hangers shall be
furnished by the contractor.
All hangers shall be properly sized for the pipe to be supported . Oversized hangers shall not
be permitted.
Details of hangers and supports to be used by the contractor shall be submitted to the
Engineer for approval before fitting.
All hangers shall be provided with lock nuts and have provisions for vertical adjustment of
pipes .
Paralle groups of pipes shall be supported by trapeze type hangers of steel construction.
Individual horizontal piping shall be supported by hangers consisting of malleable split rings
with malleable iron sockets , or steel clevis type hangers , or roller hangers where specified .
Vertical piping shall have heavy wrought iron or steel clamps securely bolted on the piping
with the end extensions bearing on the building construction.
Piping shall be anchored where required to localize expansion or to prevent undue strain on
piping and branches. Anchors shall be entirely separated from hangers and shall be heavy
forged or welded construction of approved design.
5. PIPE INSULATION PROTECTION SADDLES:
Insulation shields shall be used to protect the insulation on all pipes. Insulation protection
saddles shall be welded to insulated hot pipes at roller supports. Wherever fiberglass pipe
insulation is installed, alternative high density insulation of equal thickness shall be installed
in lieu thereof where hangers and insulation shields are installed. the insulation shields shall
bear only on an insulation material which is of such density that it will not compress , crush or
deform .
Saddles shall consist of 1.5 mm galvanized steel plate. Plate shall be curved to fit the contour
of the insulation and shall cover the lower surface.
Saddles shall be secured to insulation by means of steel bands.
6. PIPE SLEEVES:
All pipe opening through walls, partitions and slabs shall have sleeves having an internal
diameter at least 1" larger than the outside diameter of the pipe or of the insulation, for
insulated service.
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
Pipes passing through masonry, concrete floors or concrete interior walls shall be provided
with sleeves of galvanized standard weight steel pipe flush with walls and ceilings and
extending 1" above finished floors .
Pipes passing through interior partitions shall be provided with sleeves of 22 gauge
galvanized sheet steel flush with finished wall surfaces .
7. FLASHING SLEEVES:
Flashing sleeves shall be provided where pipes pass through water- proof membranes
.Flashing sleeve details shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval but generally they
shall be provided with an integral flange set into the membrane. The associated pipe shall also
have a flange and shield which shall extend beyond the insert and be sealed with approved
mastic.
8. WELDING:
Where shown on drawings or specified or directed, welded joints, outlets and flanges shall be
used.
Care shall be taken to ensure that welding metal or flux does not project into the bore of the
pipe. All welds shall be of good clean metal free from slag and porosity, of even thickness
and contour, well fused with the parent metal, hammered on completion, and finished smooth.
The engineer reserves the right to have cut for examination 2 % of all welds made. The
contractor shall re-make the points at no extra charge.
All welded joints (except pipe welded end to end ) shall be made by use of forged one piece, welding flanges, caps, elbows , branch outlets and tees of approved make.
All such fittings, etc., shall be of a type which maintains full wall thickness at all points ,
ample radius fillets, and proper levels or shoulders at ends.
All job welding may be by electric welding or acetylene process.
Wherever welded piping connections to equipment, valves, or other units need maintenance,
servicing, or require possible removal, the connecting joint shall be by means of unions of
flanges. Pressure rating of flanges shall match the pressure rating of the flanges on the
equipment to which the pipe connects.
9. UNIONS:
Unions are required on pipe sizes 2" and under. Unions shall be ground taper joint type good
for 150 pi working pressure.
Unions shall have bronze conical seats ground in. Flat union shall not be used.
10. SCREWED JOINTS ON STEEL PIPING:
Screwed joints shall be clean threaded pulled up tightly and made with approved jointing
compound and long strand hemp.
After joints have been formed all surplus hemp shall be cut away and the joints wiped clean.
Where pipe galvanized care shall be taken to ensure that threads are carefully cut so that the
number of exposed threads is minimized.
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
11. FLANGED JOINTS:
All flanged joints shall be flush and truly aligned and made with approved corrugated
rings, compressed asbestos on composition joints.
Flanges for connection to welded pipe shall be "slip on" or welding neck standard steel type
made as called for in the schedules.
Flanges or unions shall be provided on straight runs at not greater than 12m. Intervals.
12. PIPE EXPANSION JIONTS
Fabricate expansion loops as required
Expansion joints shall be installed where indicated and elsewhere required and approved by
engineer for adequate expansion of installed piping system .
Flexible joints shall be stainless steel corrugated below type with contour control rings , Fully
enclosed with Flanged connections . All joints shall have the traverse , The temperature and
pressure rating shown on drawing.
Guides shall be Furnished and installed on either side of each expansion joint , Additional
guides shall be installed at intervals as required .
13. PIPE TEST
Test each piping system at 150% of operating pressure indicated but not less than 150 psi test
pressure
Required test pressure is 2 hours.
The test has failed if leakage is observed or if pressure drop exceed 5% of test pressure.
END OF CHAPTER
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
CHAPTER 6
VALVES
1. GENERAL:
All valves shall be designed for packing under pressure when fully open.
Shut-off valves shall be installed on both sides of all equipment , all branches from main
risers.
Balancing valves shall be installed on the outlets of air handling units & all branches from
main risers.
Check valves in horizontal position shall be l5 degree swing checks, valves in vertical
position be balanced - check valves of the low pressure drop type.
All valves shall be of 200 psi cold water non- shock pressure rating.
All gate and globe valves shall be of type that can be repacked under pressure .
Threaded valves shall be supplied with British Standard taper pipe thread.
The valves shall be labeled to comply with indications shown on the submittal circuit
diagrams.
2. GATE VALVES:
Gate valve size 2 " and smaller shall be screwed cast bronze body , bonnet and trim , solid
wedge disc , brass packing gland, Teflon impregnated packing non-rising stem , screwed
bonnet .
Gate valves size 2 1/2" and larger shall be flanged ends, cast iron body and bonnet bronze
trim, solid wedge disc ,rising stem , outside screw and yoke bronze packing gland, Teflon
impregnated packing
3. GLOBE VALVES:
Globe valves size 2 " and smaller shall be screwed, bronze body, bonnet and trim, renewable
bronze seat disc disk, , rising stem, bronze packing gland, Teflon impregnated packing
Globe valves size 2 1/2" and larger shall be flanged ends , cast iron body and bonnet bronze
trim renewable bronze seat and disc, , outside screw and yoke bronze packing gland, Teflon
impregnated packing
4. GLOBE VALVES WITH VARIABLE ORIFICE DOUBLE REGULATING
FEATURES:
Valves size 2" and smaller shall be screwed , gunmetal body and bonnet , valves 2" and
larger shall be flanged , cast iron body and bonnet , brass stem .
5. BALL VALVES
Bronze body ,standard ports bronze ball replaceble TEF seats packing and gaskets adjustable
packing box, threaded ends, balancing stop plate, blow out proof brass stem and steel handle
with plastic cover
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
5. CHECK VALVES:
Check valves size 2 and smaller shall be screwed , cast bronze body and
brass trim and spring , horizontal lift pattern , renewable disk , screwed cap .
Check valves size 2.5 and larger shall be flanged ends , cast iron body , bronze disc and seat
ring , swing type , renewable disc and seat ring, bolted cap
6. AUTOMATIC AIR VENTS:
Wherever possible, all water pipework system are to have open venting . At all high points in
the system where this is not possible ,
An automatic air vent " ,brass body, controlled by a ball float with renewable internal
stainless steel parts shall be fitted and connected to nearest drain .
Automatic air vents shall be fitted with a suitably sized manual gate type lock shield valve.
7. RELIEF VALVES
Relief valves shall be of the spring loaded , angle type , with screwed ends , male bottom inlet
, female side outlet ,bronze body and trim , suitable for a steam working pressure of 150 psi
they Relief valves shall be present at the factory and the pressure setting shall be clearly
stamped on the valve nameplate
8. BUTTERFLY VALVES:
Butterfly valves 5" and larger shall be flanged ,cast iron body , bronze disc , and stainless
shaft, valves 8" and above shall be supplied with reduction gear.
9. STRAINERS:
Approved "self - cleaning" strainers shall be provided in the suction line of each pump and
at the inlet connections to each feeder and make - up connections, and each automatic control
valve . The intention is to protect , by strainers , all apparatus of an automatic character ,
whose proper functioning would be interfered with by dirt on the seat, or by scoring of the
seat.
All strainers shall be suitable for pressures as stipulated for the system concerned and
shall be inspected and pressure at works .
All strainers shall be cast iron or bronze bodied of ample strength for the pressure to which
they shall be subjected and suitable flanges or tapping to connect with the piping they
serve .
Strainer basket screens shall be stainless steel and shall be of ample strength to prevent
collapsing the basket under shock loading.
Each water strainer shall be provided with an approved valve dirt blow - out connection
with suitable pipe connected to nearest floor drain .
10. FLEXIBLE CONNECTIONS:
Chillers, pumps and fan coil units, shall be connected to the chilled water pipes through
flexible connection.
END OF CHAPTER
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
CHAPTER 7
EXPANSION TANKS
EXPANSION COMPRESSION TANK:

Construction: Furnish and installed expansion compression tank including supports for the
chilled water system. Tank shall be constructed of black steel ASME for 150 psi working
pressure with butyl rubber diaphragm. Reinforced tapings shall be provided for inlet and
drainage connections, gauge glasses with shut off valves and pressure gauges. Tank shall be
tested and proven tight after erection, under hydrostatic pressure of 150 psig.
Gauge glass set: brass compression stops , guard and 3/4 glass, maximum 24 long enough
to cover tank for 2 above bottom and 2 below top.
Provide manual air vent, tank drain and pressure relief valve
Automatic cooled water fill assembly: pressure reducing valve, backflow prevent, test cooks,
strainer, vacuum breaker, and bypass valve..
END OF CHAPTER
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
CHAPTER 8
CHEMICAL TREATMENT
FOR CLOSED CHILLED WATER CIRCUIT:
1-Chemicals: Provide chemicals formulated from borate nitrate to provide protection against
corrosion for most commonly used pipe materials as steel, copper and brass. In addition to
polymeric discrepant to keep closed system clean, it should be suitable for use in systems
containing antifreeze additives and contain an alkaline buffer to maintain the recirculation
water and the optimum pH for maximum corrosion protection.
The following condition should be maintained in the closed system
--- PH
7--9
--Nitrate as NO2 1000-2000 PPM
2- Chemical Feed Equipment: Dosing pump shall be provided and connected to low pressure
chilled water header through 3/4" black steal pipe and valve . for feeding corrosion
inhibitor in the closed system.
General
Provide sufficient quantity of chemicals for one years use after the expiry of the period of
maintenance.
END OF CHAPTER
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20 | P a g e
HVAC CONSULTANT:
CHAPTER 14
INSULATION
1. CHILLED WATER PIPING INSULATION
A- Concealed pipes
All pipe Carrying Chilled water and condense drainage shall be insulated with UL Label
preformed rigid sectional Fiber glass pipe insulation with Factory applied Flame retardant
aluminum Foil Vapor barrier laminated with Kraft paper.
The insulation shall have an average thermal conductivity not to exceed .25
BTU/HR/FT2/F/in at mean temperature of 75 F.
The insulation shall be fixed over clean dry pipe surface with approved adhesive with all
joints butted firmly together.
Insulation thickness shall be 1.5 inch for pipes up to 2" diameter and 2" for pipes 2 l/2"
diameter and above , insulation density shall not be less than 4 lb/ft .
Carry insulation at each hanger through enclosed 300 mm covering shield of 1.5 mm thick
galvanized steel sheet .
B- Exposed pipes :
* Insulation of pipe work installed in machine rooms and exposed to outside weather shall
be protected with aluminum casing 0.7 mm thick .
* Insulation of pipe work installed under ground shall be protected with 3 layers of roofing
felt finished with asphalt coating.
2. EQUIPMENT INSULATION :
Cold equipment : Fill voids between insulation and equipment with blanket insulation and
cover with removable aluminum sheet metal jacket lined with 1" inch thick rigid board
insulation .
3. ACOUSTIC DUCT LINING :
Acoustical lining l" thick shall be fixed to the internal duct surface of each air handling unit
and FCU supply and return duct fans for a length of at least 4 meters from the unit , or as
indicated on the drawings.
Such acoustic lining shall be mat - facing of black neoprene duct liner of 2.5 lb/ft density.
Dimensions of lined ducts shown on drawings are the inside dimensions of the duct after the
lining has been installed . Stapling method of attachment will not be permitted.
Mat-faced duct liner shall be adhered by a fire retardant approved. adhesive.
Mechanical fasteners which do not pierce the sheet metal shall be on l6 inch centers on top
section when width exceeds l2 inches , and on sides when height exceeds 24 inches.
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
All abutting edges of acoustic lining shall be calked,and all exposed edges of acoustic lining
shall be installed with sheet metal housings.
END OF CHAPTER
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
CHAPETER 10
FOUNDATION AND VIBRATION ISOLATION
1. GENERAL
All equipment, piping and ductwork shall be mounted on or suspended from approved
foundation and supports all as specified as shown and as required, all concrete foundations
including thickened structural slap, housekeeping pads and concrete for inertial pads shall be
provided. .all pipes installed up to 15m from equipment shall be supported on vibration
isolator.
Provided shop drawings and templates for all concrete foundations provide necessary integral
steel framings, concrete reinforcing rods welded to frame, required anchors bolts, spring
mountings and neoprene pads.
The foundations and vibration isolation mountings for the various equipment piping and
ductwork shall be in accordance with the requirements as detailed on the drawings and as
specified.
Where spring vibration isolators are called for they shall be horizontally stable bare springs
unless otherwise indicated. Static deflections shall be minimum 1.5 unless otherwise
indicated and selections shall include 50% additional reserve deflection.
Where a ribbed rubber assembly is called for shall be factory fabricated from two thickness
unless otherwise indicated, of 0.25 inch thick ribbed neoprene pads and shall be square in
shape. Pads shall be arranged so that ribs pun in opposite directions. Between each pad shall
be 1/16 inch thick galvanized steel shim plate integrally and permanently bounded to the
neoprene pad and base plate.
2. MOUNTING OF AIR HANDLING UNITS
Mount unit directly on an integral rigid steel base which shall in turn be supported by a
suitable number of spring vibration isolators. Each spring isolator shall be mounted on a
ribbed rubber assembly. Minimum static deflection of 0.75 inch and then mounted on 6 inch
thick. concrete base .
3. MOUNTING OF SUSPNDED FANS
Units shall be hung on resilient hangers. These hangers shall be combination rubber-in-share
and spring hangers. Each unit not having sufficient frame rigidity shall be provided with an
integral steel base for support of the suspended fan unit. Minimum static deflection 1.0 inch.
4. MOUNTING OF PUMPS
Mount all base mounted pumps directly on a concrete base which in turn shall be mounted on
a 2 inch thick heavy density cork., when pumps are located in basement where no floors or
services blew it can be mounted directly on concrete base of minimum thick 10inch.
5. MOUNTING OF CHILLERS
Chillers structural steel frame shall be mounted on spring vibration isolators which in turn
shall be mounted on neoprene ribbed rubber assemblies. The chillers shall be mounted on 8
inch thick concrete plinth base
END OF CHAPTER
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
CHAPTER 11
METERS AND GAGES
1. TEMERATURE GAGES
A. Glass thermometers
1. General: provide glass thermometers of material and ranges as indicated.
2. Case: die cast aluminum finished in baked epoxy enamel, glass front, spring secured (9)
long.
3. Adjustable Joint: Die cast aluminum, finished to match case, 180 adjustment in vertical
plane, 360 adjustment in horizontal plane, with locking device.
4. Tube and Capillary: Mercury filled, magnifying lens 1% scale range accuracy,
5. Scale: stain faced, non-reflective aluminum, permanently etched markings.
6. Stem: copper-plated steel or brass, for separable socket, length to suit installation.
7. Range: Chilled water: 30-100F (0 -40)
B. Direct Mount Dial Thermometers
1. General: provide direct mount dial thermometer of materials , and ranges indicated.
2. Type: vapor tension, universal angle.
3. Case: Drawn steel or brass, glass lens (4 1/2) diameter.
4. Adjustable Joint: Die cast aluminum, 180 adjustment in vertical plane 360 adjustment in
horizontal plane with locking device.
5. Thermal Bulb: copper with phosphor bronze bourdon pressure tube, on scale division
accuracy.
6. Movement: Brass precision geared.
7. Scale : progressive , stain faced non reflective aluminum, permanently etched markings.
8. Stem : copper plated steel, or brass for separable socket , length to suit installation .
9. Range: :Chilled water : 30 -100F (0 -40c).
C. Thermometer wells:
Provide thermometer wells constructed to suit piping system design pressure. , provide
(2) extension for insulated piping
D. Locations:
Install in the following locations and elsewhere as indicated
1. At inlet and outlet of each coil. of AHU
2. At inlet and outlet of each chiller.
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
2. PRESSURE GAGES AND FITTINGS
A- Pressure Gages
1. General: provide pressure gages of materials, and ranges as indicated,
2. Material :Drawn stainless steel case with push in lexan window, white
Coated metal dial , lithographed with black graduation lines and numerals
3. Pointer : Slotted micro-adjustable

4. Bourdon tube & socket : bronze bourdon &brass socket
5.Accuracy :
1%
6.Movement:
All brass construction, precision gear and pinion
7.Case size = 4:1/2 dia Stainless steel case gouge .

8. Range: conform to the following : water 0- 689 kpa ( 0-100 psi)
B. Pressure Gage Cocks
1. General: provide pressure gage cocks between pressure gage and gage tees on
piping systems. Construct gage cock of brass with 6mm (1/4) female
3. Snubber: 1/4 brass bushing with corrosion resistant porous metal disc, through
which pressure fluid is filtered . Select disc material for fluid served and pressure
rating .
C. Locations:
-Install at suction and discharge of each chiller.
- Install at suction and discharge of each pump .,read differential pressure between suction
and discharge with the same apparatus.
-- Install at suction and discharge of each AHU coil
3. FLOW MEASURING GAGES

A- Calibrated Balance Valves:
Provide as indicated, calibrated balance valve equipped with readout in valves to facilitate
connecting of differential pressure meter to balance valve and designed to minimize system
fluid loss during monitoring process.
Construct balancing valve with internal seals to prevent leakage around rotating element,
provide balance valves with preformed polyurethane insulation suitable for use on cooling
system, and to protect balance valves during shipment.
Maintain minimum length of straight unrestricted piping equivalent to 3 pipe diameters
upstream of the valve.
END OF CHAPTER
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
CHAPTER 12
AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM
1. GENERAL:
The contractor shall furnish and install all required controls and appurtenances to provide
complete and satisfactory automatic control of the systems (DDC).
All control equipment shall operate with 24V 8%, 50HZ and required accuracy 5% of the
setting.
Operation shall be guaranteed up to an ambient temperature of 50 C.
All HVAC control devices shall be electrical protected by means of a specific supply line
against voltage drop and city power failure 10 V.
The contractor shall furnish and install all necessary apparatuses such as controllers ,sensors,
switches, relays, transformers,...etc. and all control wiring and conduits to effect the
automatic operation of the control systems intended by the design. He shall make all
necessary connections to the control instruments and equipment as required for the control
systems.
The contractor shall submit for approval by the engineer complete control wiring diagram &
sequence of operation for the control systems intended, showing all control instruments,
auxiliaries and accessories.
All control instruments and appurtenances shall be the product of one reputable, specialized
and approved manufacturer.
All control instruments shall be of the latest design and shall be as recommended by the
manufacturer for the control systems intended.
All controls shall be specially supplied for the available electric current characteristics.
All controls shall be installed and connected in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.
All controls and instruments shall be installed in such a manner and at such locations as to
sense accurate representative value of the function that they control to be accessible for ease
of adjustment and calibration.
Wall mounted thermostats shall be installed at 1.5 m above floor level on an inside
wall and where the temperature at the thermostat is not affected except by room
temperature.
Control valves shall always be installed in the horizontal position with motor in the vertical
position.
Immersion type thermostats and thermometers shall have their bulbs
inserted in special
brass separable socket wells that shall be installed in the vertical position or at an angle so as
to retain oil. Socket wells shall be installed through female threaded steel fittings welded to
the pipe and shall be of insertion depth to suit the pipe in which they are installed.
Surface mounted control devices shall be mounted on brackets of an approved design to clear
the final finished surface of insulation.
All control wiring and conduits shall be concealed in all areas except in mechanical
equipment room and in unfinished spaces.
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
Unless otherwise specified temperatures shall be controlled to within plus or minus 1 F
and humidifies to within plus or minus 5% of the specified design conditions .
The contractor shall install mimic panel in the pump room indicating all control signals for all
chillers, pumps, air handling units, exhaust and supply fans ....etc.
2. DDC STAND ALONE CONTROLLER:
2.1 Introduction:
For automatic and cost-effective operation of all building services installations, a freely
programmable, digital management system is to be offered. The system must be capable of
performing all control and interlock functions, and energy optimization as well.
The measuring, control and interlock units are autonomous DDC system required to carry out
all functions independently of higher order management system.
The supplier has to prove that both the hardware and the software of the measuring ,
control and interlock system offered constitute and self - contained system development,
supplied by a manufacturer who assures long - term system maintenance.
2.2 Operational Reliability:
For high operational reliability and system accessibility the system offered needs strictly
distributed intelligence. It is therefore absolutely necessary that all building services
installations are equipped individually with a stand - alone DDC substation.
All data must be saved, even in the event of a power failure Power failures and spikes on the
power lines must not lead to a loss of data, The buffer has to be designed such that in the
event of power failures the data are saved.
A fault in a DDC substation must not impair operation of other interconnected substations.
Any fault detected in the system or the plant must be reported to higher order operator
terminals. Fast locating of faults must be assured.
2.3 Communication:
For future integration of autonomous DDC system into a higher order management system,
the individual components need communication capabilities without modifying the hardware
or the software.
In order to exchange common data (e.g. outside temperature, common
Operation, .etc. ) the individual devices are to be interconnected via an
industrial bus system.
For decentralized operation, the autonomous control and interlock modules have to be capable
of communicating up to a maximum bus length of 1200m, without requiring any additional
devices.
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
2.4 Operation:
Depending on the requirements specified in the tender document each individual plant is
operated via an operator terminal for access to each individual device and, centrally, to all
connected building services installations via an RS-bus.
Step - down control circuit transformers or the two winding isolating type shall be provided.provide separate transformers for sensors and actuators
High rupturing capacity fuses or circuit breakers shall be used for protection of the control
circuit.
Auxiliary supply for controls other than from the main power circuit shall be effectively
isolated by auxiliary contacts on a main isolator.
All motor starters and controls shall be provided with an engraved nameplate identifying the
system or defining its function.
A detailed wiring diagram shall be securely fixed inside each enclosure cover to indicate
clearly all circuits.
All control and power wires shall be clearly numbered and marked for identification by
distinctive color of insulation.
3. FIELD EQUIPMENT:
3.1 Sensors (Room and Duct)
Temperature sensors shall be two wires screened connections to the associated controllers.
Humidity sensors shall sense changes in relative humidity by mechanical means, conversion
to an electrical output shall be by a friction free inductive coupling. Connections shall be by
screened wiring to the associated controllers.
temperature and humidity sensors shall require four wire connection to the associated
controllers and shall not be susceptible to interference. Output of temperature and humidity
sensors shall be compatible so that the controllers are interchangeable.
Duct mounted sensor shall have t\rigid stems or capillaries on sensing bulbs
The operation differential shall not exceed 3 C for full load conditions
Sensors shall consist of a base plate to which the electrical connections are made.
The sensors housing shall plug into the base so that it can be removed easily without
disturbing any wiring connections.
Combined temperature and humidity sensors shall plug into a common base plate.
3.2 Control Valves:
The valve shall be fully modulating 3 way mixing or straight through type, as required ,
complete with motor and linkage of the spring return type and has the ability to be
opened and closed manually.
Valve size 2 " or less supplied and screwed with union fittings .
Valves of size above 2 " shall be flanged.
Two way valves shall be used for liquids which have equal percentage characteristics, and
three way valves shall be used for liquids which have linear characteristics .Size valve
operators to close valves against pump shut off head . Size for maximum 3 psi drop.
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
3.3 Air Pressure Switch:

The pressure switch shall comprise two chambers connected to a diaphragm, the chambers of
the device shall be arranged so that device can be used for a static pressure or differential
pressure switch as specified
Connection to the device shall be by means of a plastic tube to the points to be measured on
the duct via a plastic serrated coupling .
The pressure switch shall be supplied complete with duct sampling connections and plastic
connecting pipe
Shall have differentials over 10% to 30%
Set point shall fall within 40% to 70% of the scale range
3.4 Pressure switch for pipework
Shall be bellow operated and to be suitable for the working temperatures and pressures. the
pressure switch shall be capable of withstanding a hydraulic test pressure 1.5 ties the working
pressure
Shall be suitable for pipe or wall mounting
Shall have differentials over 10% to 30%
Set point shall fall within 40% to 70% of the scale range
3.5 Water flow switch
Shall be selected for the correct water velocity and pipe
3.6 Damper Actuators:
Damper actuators shall be of the direct coupled type to either modulating or two or three
position control. Actuators shall stroke by a rotating motion of a reversible overload - proof
synchronous motor. Control voltages shall be either 24 VAC or 0 - 10 VDC as required by the
application. All actuators shall have a hand operating facility and position indication marked 0
10% indication 0-100 %.
On modulating types the direction of operation and stroke limitation shall be adjustable
without mechanical changes in the linkage.
Modulating and two position types shall be available with spring return, the spring return time
shall not be more than 3 seconds.
4. CONTROL WIRING:
Wires and cables for the control circuits shall be rated for 220 volts service.
Insulation shall be moisture resistant and flame retardant PVC compound.
Conductors shall be tinned annealed of a minimum 1.5 sq. mm area. Multi - core cables for
control and signaling shall be PVC insulated copper conductors PVC sheathed.
Where required special heat resistant insulation or corrosion resistant sheath shall be
provided.
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
5. CONTROL PANEL SECTION FOR DDC - COMPONENTS:
Should be in robust steel construction, with mounting plate doors and hinges inside
Size and color of the control panel (as specified by the supplier) complies with the design of
the power distribution system.
The space required is to be assessed from the technical data of above devices.
For the interface between the control section and the power section, a terminal strip is
required The installation regulations of the DDC - system manufacture must be observed
and included also the terminals connected in series ,the necessary small accessories and
the fastening equipment mounted , wired and factory - proven
All control panels and operating panels which enable the operator to operate, stop, and read
the temperature degrees and the exhaust - supply fans are located in the pumps room.
It is essential to make sure that all the wires and the cables between the control panels in the
pumps room and the air handling units and the fans are low voltage wires which means, that
there are no power transferred between the control panels and the air handling units and the
only signals transferred between them is the control signals.
6. CONTROL SEQUENCE FOR CHILLERS AND PUMPS:
At full load, chilled water pump, are turned on and then chillers are turned on
When one chilled water pump fails to start from each circuit , the standby shall operate
automatically, duty and standby pumps shall be alternated automatically at each cycle.
Chillers shall not start unless chilled water pumps, are already on, this in turn activates the
flow switch of the chiller, then the chiller can be started.
Normal shut down: the chillers are first turned off , and water pumps are stopped after a
dedicated time delay together with the chiller isolating valves.
The D.D controller should be able to make a sequence control, time scheduling and time
delay for the chillers according to load requirement.
7. CONTROL SEQUENCE FOR TOTALLY OUTSIDE AIR AHU's
Supply temperature sensor will sense the temperature and controller will signal 3 - way
modulating valve to position according to load requirement. (Positioning time should not
exceed 10 seconds for optimum energy saving ).
Differential pressure switches to monitor filter, and fan belt status. Smoke detector to detect
smoke and shut the whole system in case of smoke detection.
ON / OFF damper actuator on the outside to shut the outside damper whenever AHU is shut
down .
8. CONTROL SEQUENCE FOR RETURN AIR A.H.U.'S
Room temperature sensor will sense the temperature and controller will signal 3 - way
modulating valve to position according to load requirement and control
required steps. Differential pressure switches to monitor filter and fan belt status
whole system in case of smoke detection.
30 | P a g e
HVAC CONSULTANT:
Temperature monitoring of outside and common return air ducts. Humidity monitoring of
outside and common return air ducts. Differential pressure switches to monitor filter, supply
and return fan belt failure.
Duct smoke detector is mounted on return, in case of smoke detection , the detector will
stop the supply fan and shut off the damper in the mixing box, DDC will report smoke alarm
to EMS if available
9. FAN COIL UNITS CONTROL:
Fan coil units will be thermostatic controlled with a two/three way valve for cooling and one
stage electric heater for heating.
The room operating unit thermostat will have a 3-speed switch with a set point potentiometer
and a heat / cool / fan positioning switch with a temperature range of (5-30) C.
Two ways will be brass valve body and it will be closed in de-energized position. Seat and
disc material will be nickel chromium steel, Admissible water temperature 2 - 120 C.
10.Samples
Sample thermostat shall be provided by the contractor for approval by engineer
11.Accuracy
Control and measuring devices shall have the following limits of accuracy
Temperature
0.5 C
Pressure
5% of measured value
Humidity
5% rh
END OF CHAPTER
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
CHAPTER 13
WATER BALANCING AND TESTING
1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS:
The contractor shall perform all testing, and balancing and shall adjust systems as described
hereunder including but not necessarily limited to the following:
Pressure testing of all refrigerant piping systems to ensure their tightness under the prescribed
test pressure.
Balancing and adjusting air
indicated on the drawings.
distribution systems to deliver the required air quantities
Testing of equipment performance to demonstrate conformity with design requirements and

proper functioning.
Testing of all controls to verify that they are operating satisfactorily as intended.
Testing of systems as a whole to demonstrate their adequacy to meet
design requirement
All tests shall be conducted in the presence of the engineer and as directed by him.
All measured tesr date shall be recorded and submitted to the engineer in the report form for
his review and approval.
The contractor shall provide all labor, equipment, material, instruments, power and
connections required to execute testing, balancing and adjusting operations as directed.
All expenses incurred by testing operations shall be borne by the contractor including the cost
of repair or replacement of defective work, cost of restoring, repairing or replacing damaged
work resulting from the tests and the cost of replacing defective or inadequate equipment
and material all as directed by the engineer.
All expenses incurred by testing operations shall be borne by the contractor including the
cost of repair or replacement of defective work , cost of restoring, repairing or replacing
damaged work resulting from the tests and the cost of replacing defective or inadequate
equipment and material all as directed by the engineer.
2. WATER PRESSURE TEST:
All piping systems shall be hydrostatically tested for ensuring complete tightness under
the specified test pressure.
Systems can be tested as a whole or in part to facilitate the progress of the work.
No part of a piping system shall be painted, covered or enclosed until it has been tested,
inspected and approved.
No part of a piping system shall be tested to a pressure of less than 150 psig (10 kg / sq. cm)
measured at the highest point of the system.
No equipment device or accessory shall be subjected to a pressure exceeding its
prescribed test pressure as obtained from its nameplate data or from manufacturer's
published data. Pressure tests shall be applied before connecting piping to equipment. Relief
valves, instruments, automatic air vents, diaphragm valves and all devices that might be
damaged by the test pressure shall be removed, disconnected or blanked of .
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
No pressure shall be applied against the closed gate of gate valves. All valves shall be
in the open position but not completely back seated during testing. End valves shall
be capped.
In testing flanged piping, temporary blank flanges shall be installed and firmly anchored to
accommodate all developed end thrust.
All piping that can be damaged by end thrust developing from hydrostatic testing shall be
properly anchored during testing especially at changes of direction.
A piping system to be tested shall be closed by plugging and planking off all openings in
the system and filling slowly with water making sure to vent all entrapped air. Plugs
shall be released temporarily to ensure that has reached all parts of the system.
Pressure shall be applied to the system by means of a hand pump drawing from water
container. The pump discharge shall be connected to the system through a globe valve ,
check valve and recently calibrated pressure gauge of suitable range to have the test pressure
read in the middle of the range.
After the test pressure is reached, the pump shall be blocked off by closing the globe valve
and the variations of pressure in the system shall be monitored on the pressure gauge.
The test pressure shall be maintained on the system for 24 hours during which time
the system shall have no noticeable drop in pressure.
While the system is under pressure, careful inspection shall be made of all pipes and joints
and if any leaks in joints or evidence of defective pipe or fitting is disclosed the defective
work shall be corrected by replacing defective parts. No makeshift repairs or
application of any repair compound will be permitted.
After the correction is made the pressure test shall be repeated until completely tight system
is ensured.
The test pressure shall be released slowly so as not to produce shocks and sudden contractions
that might cause damage to the piping.
3. Testing & Balancing Procedure:
(A). Air Systems:
-Balancing of air systems:
-Test and adjust fan RPM to design requirements.
-Test and record motor full load amperes.
-Adjust CFM at main supply ducts and compare with design CFM
-Adjust CFM at main return ducts and compare with design CFM
-Adjust CFM at out side air louver and compare with design CFM
-Test and record entering air temperatures. (DB heating and cooling).
-Test and record entering air temperatures (WB cooling).
-Test and record leaving air temperatures. (DB heating and cooling).
-Test and record leaving air temperatures. (WB cooling).
-Adjust all zones to proper design CFM and compare with design.
-Test and adjust each diffuser, grille and register to within 5% of design requirements,
-Each grille, diffuser shall be identified as to location and area.
-All diffusers, grilles, and registers shall be adjusted to minimize drafts in all areas.
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HVAC CONSULTANT:
B.
WATER SYSTEMS:
-Open all valves to full open position.

-Remove all strainers and clean it.
-Examine water in system and determine if water has been treated and
cleaned.
-Check pump rotation.
-Check all air vents at high points of water systems and determine that all -are installed
and operating freely. Bleed all air from manual vents.
-Set all temperature controls so all coils are calling for full cooling.
-Record actual running amperage of pump motor.
-Record water metering device readings.
-Record inlet & water temperature at each coil.
-Upon completion of flow readings and adjustments at coils, mark all settings and record
all data .
END OF CHAPTER
****************
34 | P a g e
HVAC CONSULTANT:
CHAPTER 14
ELECTRICAL WORK
1. GENERAL:
The contractor shall execute all the electrical work connected with and necessary for the
operation and control of the HVAC systems.
The electrical work provided under this division shall include but not necessarily be limited to
the following:
*All motors for electrically operated equipment.
*All power and control panels including starters, motor protection, control and *isolation
equipment, devices, accessories, and interconnecting and interlock wiring.
*All power cables , wiring and conduits to equipment from the power supply points .
*All wiring and conduit for connecting control instruments to equipments.
*All automatic control instruments , accessories , sensing devices , sequencing relays etc. as
specified and as required for the control and operation of equipment .
*Earthing of all metal frames of boards , panels , enclosures , supports , tray and motors.
*Excluded from the work under this division of the specification and provided under
electrical installations Division are the following:
- Main feeders to switch boards.
- Power supply to convenient point close to HVAC equipment
- Distribution boards
2. STANDARD:
All electrical equipment and accessories supplied by the contractor shall be manufactured in
compliance with:
-The latest issue of IEC standards.
-B.S standard.
-NEMA standard.
3 . MOTORS:
Electric motors shall be supplied by the manufacturer of the driven equipment and shall be as
specified for the equipment concerned . Any electric motor not in accordance with the
specification shall be rejected All electric motors shall be specifically supplied for the
available supplied voltage and frequency as verified from the electrical drawings Motor speed
shall be as specified for the equipment concerned .
Unless otherwise specified electric motors below 0.5 horsepower shall be single phase and
above 0.5 horsepower shall be 3 phase squirrel cage of the totally enclosed fan- cooled type.
All electric motors shall have adequate power to operate the driven equipment without motor
overload under all conditions of operation and load and throughout the capacity range of the
equipment.
Any overloaded motor as evidenced by its drawing current exceeding its nameplate current
rating and/or overheating under the specified operating conditions shall be rejected.
All electric motors shall have starting and torque characteristics as required by the driven
equipment and shall be capable of delivering the full rated output when operating at voltages
deviating by 5% from the rated voltage at the rated frequency .Motors shall be rated for
continuous operation .
35 | P a g e
HVAC CONSULTANT:
Electric motors shall have class B insulation with 80 C continuous temperature rise above an
average ambient temperature of 40 C unless otherwise specified
Motors operating in ambient temperatures exceeding 40 C shall be tropicalized and derated
for satisfactory operation. Motors installed outdoors shall have class F insulation.
All motors shall be provided with conduit terminal box of approved model for the type of
motor enclosure. The motor windings shall be connected to terminals in the terminal box at the
factory. One additional earthing terminal shall be connected to the motor frame.
Motors directly connected to driven equipment shall be furnished with an adjustable base
unless otherwise specified . Motors connected to equipment through a V - belt drive shall be
furnished with an adjustable sliding base . Fractional horsepower motors shall be furnished
with slotted mounting holes in the base.
Where motors are not readily visible from the control panel positions, a lock stop push button
shall be provided adjacent to the motor .
4. CABLES:
LV power cables shall be 4 core steel wire or double steel tape armored cables with copper
conductors to BS 6346 or IEC equivalent. Alternatively multi-core PVC insulated and
PVC.sheathed cables shall be used where permitted on the drawings . This shall be 0.6 / 1KV
insulation .
Core shall be used for single phase circuits and 5 core for three phase circuits . Single phase
cable colors shall be in accordance with the clauses on conductor color codes , i.e. the earth
conductor shall be green or yellow /green .
All cable ends shall be terminated using bras cable glands complete with brass lock nuts ,
earth tags and shrouds .
Cables run above ground shall be adequately supported . Single runs of cable shall be
supported by purpose made nylon reinforced or die cast cable cleats with a secure fixing to the
building structure. additional steelworks supports shall be provided where necessary . Spacing
shall be in accordance with the IEE regulations. Multiple runs of cable shall be supported on
cable trays as specified .
When cables pass through walls and floor slabs , each cable sleeve or opening shall be filled
with foaming material to prevent fire propagation , after installation of the cable .
5. CONTROL WIRING:
Wires and cables for the control circuits shall be rated for 220 volts service Insulation shall be
moisture resistant and flame retardant PVC compound .
Conductors shall be tinned annealed of a minimum 1.5 sq. mm area.
Multi-core cables for control signaling shall be PVC insulated copper conductors , PVC
sheathed in accordance with B.S. 6346.
6. CONDUITS:
Unless otherwise specified gauge steel conduits shall be used throughout for all power and
control wiring .
However , rigid conduits shall not terminate in or be fasted to a motor frame or base .
Flexible conduits shall be used to avoid transmission of noise and vibrations .
36 | P a g e
HVAC CONSULTANT:
Flexible conduits shall be manufactured from welded and drawn heavy gauge steel to BS 31 ,
class b or approved equal .
Conduits shall be internally and externally galvanized and threaded at both ends .
The minimum size of conduit shall be 20 mm. internal diameter unless otherwise specified .
Conduit fittings such as couplings expansion couplings , clips saddles , elbows , glands ,
adopters , reducers and the like shall be specifically designed for the type and size of conduit
used .
7. STARTERS:
The starters shall be electromagnetic air break type suitable for 3 phase , 50 HZ , 380 V , to
BS 4941 or IEC 292 rated to suit equipment served .
All starters shall be equipped with thermal overcorrect relays for motor protection.
All starters shall be equipped with one normally open and normally closed auxiliary contact in
addition to those required to carry on the functions called for provide for remote start/stop ,
automatically starting ( starter initiated from another starter or device ) , manual start ( at
MCC or elsewhere ) , lockout , monitoring ( remote pilot ), interlocking , etc. , as required .
Star - Delta starters ( reduced voltage starter ) with change over setting as desired , starting
from 3 to 10 seconds , to be confirmed with manufacturer .
Where specified all automatic starters controlled by another starter shall have delay starting to
avoid inrush current , if the two motors start together.
All automatic starters shall have on their switchboards a selector switch for automatic / manual
( via push - button ) and off.
Unless otherwise shown on the drawings or required by the driven equipment all motor
starters shall be of the following types:
- Type A single phase motors below 0.5 HP the starter shall be of the manual two pole
toggle type for non - reversing across the line starting and fitted with one overload element . It
shall be of the surface of flush mounted type.
- Type B for 3 phase motors up to and including 10 HP the starter shall be of the direct - on
line non reversing magnetic type with a manual reset, 3 pole overload relay and low voltage
protection .
- Type C for 3 phase motors above 10HP and up to and including 50 HP the starter shall be of
the automatic star-delta magnetic non- reversing type with a 3 pole overload relay and one
adjustable low voltage relay.
- Type D for 3 phase above 50 HP the starter shall be of the multiple- step auto-transformer
non-reversing magnetic type with a 3 pole overload relay , one adjustable low voltage relay ,
one earth leakage relay and unbalanced current protection .
Individually mounted starters shall be totally enclosed in a sheet steel enclosure with baked
enamel finish and of a design to suit the location and application . It shall not be possible to
open the enclosure door unless the isolator is in the open position .
37 | P a g e
HVAC CONSULTANT:
8. PUSH BUTTONS AND RELAYS:
Push buttons shall be a one unit momentary contact START / STOP with normally - open or
normally - closed contacts as required by the wiring diagram and with lookout attachments.
Push button head shall be color coded and the STOP push button shall be protected .
Relays shall be multi-pole with normally - open or normally - closed contacts , electrically
operated at 220 v maximum , 50 cycles and magnetically held .
Contacts shall be of the double - break , served type and interchangeable from normally open to normally - closed without additional parts .
9. CIRCUIT BREAKERS:
The circuit breakers shall be three phase , moulded case type , of air break type ,quick make
and quick break having Free toggle mechanism ensuring full contact pressure until time of
opening whether actuated automatically or manually operating voltage 380 V , 50 Hz , rated
current and suitable to motor name plate and complete with :a-Overload protection by delayed thermal over current releases adjusted between 0.8 and 1.25
times the rated current .
b-Short circuit protection by electro-magnetic releases instantaneously operated and
adjustable .
All outgoing circuit breakers shall have rupturing short circuit capacity 40 KA complying
with the design conditions mentioned herein .
All circuit breakers feeding motors , shall withstand the starting conditions of these motors .
Selection of the suitable circuit breaker and the backup fuses for all types of motors shall be
the full responsibility of the contractor
10. CONTACTORS:
All contactors shall be to BS 5424/1 , three phase , rated voltage 380V, with operating coil
220 VAC complete with thermal overload protection adjusted between 0.8 and 1.25 times the
rate current shown on the drawings . They shall have sufficient auxiliary contacts for
interlocking and automatic transfer .
11. CURRENT TRANSFORMERS :
Provide current transformers to be of the bar primary type , air cooled and suitably insulated
. They shall be of class 1 accuracy for measurement and of class 10P10 accuracy for
protection in accordance with IEC 185 , the secondary windings shall be rated at 5A and the
rated output shall be suitable for the burden.
13. MEASURING INSTRUMENTS :
Ammeters shall be AC , moving iron , flush mounting , with 20% overload scale , accuracy ,
to BS 89 .
Voltmeter shall be AC , moving iron , flush mounting to BS 90 scaled 0-500 volt , and
provided with 6 position selector switches allowing reading of line to line and line to neutral.
provide maximum demand indicators of the thermal type with a 20-minute time delay .
38 | P a g e
HVAC CONSULTANT:
14. CONTROL CIRCUITS:
The control circuits shall be arranged in a manner to satisfy the operating requirements
indicated on the drawings and specified for the various equipment driven by electricity and
any other requirements pertaining to the proper functioning and operation of the equipment.
The contractor shall thoroughly acquaint himself with all the requirements of the various
systems submit to the engineer for approval detailed control wiring diagrams and a list of
control equipment with descriptive literature.
KWH meters shall be provided ,counter shall be cyclometer type with no pointers
preferably with at least 6 figures .
The meters shall be substantially made and shall comply with the relevant BS
Current transformer operated meter shall have slide on ring or bus bar type transformer for
each phase and the counter shall read the primary power directly.
15. EARTHING :
Equipment shall be earthed by connecting all non-current carrying metal parts of the wiring
system to an source.
Non-current carrying metal part shall include such items as metal conduits, cable trays, outlet
boxes, cabinets etc. as well as enclosures, doors, grilles and barriers protecting or shielding
electrical equipment from direct access by unauthorized personnel.
Motors shall be earthed by connecting a green insulated conductor from an earthling bushing
in the starter to the motor frame.
16. MOTOR CONTROL PANEL:
The motor control center shall be of the totally enclosed free-standing section type with the
sections joined together to form one assembly.
Each section shall be so designed as to allow other sections to be easily added or removed as
required .The motor control center shall be constructed of steel sheet 2mm thick adequately
reinforced and braced for maximum rigidity. It shall be painted by spray gun with one prime
coat and two finish coats both inside and outside.
The motor control shall contain but not necessarily be limited to the following:
- Main incoming circuit breaker or isolating switch as shown on the drawings for
terminating the incoming supply cables and isolating the bus-bar system .
-Main bus-bar of copper rated as the main incoming circuit breaker.
Branch copper bus-bars of adequate capacity to distribute power to each circuit breaker
and starter served .
-Neutral copper bus-bar rated at half the capacity of the main bus--bar and distributed
throughout the whole motor control center .
-Earth copper bus-bar of minimum 25mm X 6mm dimensions extending along the full
length of the motor control center .
One voltmeter, range 0-415 volts .
One voltmeter,
-Ammeters on the main supply with the necessary current transformers .
-KW meter
All necessary starters , circuit breakers ,push buttons, indicating lights, switches, relays ,
contactors , and accessories as shown on the drawings and all necessary interlock wiring .
39 | P a g e
HVAC CONSULTANT:
-All bus-bars shall be adequately isolated and shall be braced to sustain the maximum
possible short circuit current .
-All compartment doors shall be so interlock that the isolator or breaker shall be in the OFF
position before the door can be opened .
Enough space positions shall be provided . A space position shall be a fully equipped cell
ready to receive a control unit in the future . Space positions shall have blank cover plates .
-All starters , switches and other components and electrical devices shall be clearly labeled as
to number and function in English with incised letters on black bakelite with white laminated
core . The labels shall be fixed in a permanent manner under each component .
Clear schematic and wiring diagrams shall be firmly fixed within the motor control center
showing each component and cross-referenced with the component labels .
Prior to fabrication or purchase of the motor control center the contractor shall submit for
approval the schematic diagram of the whole installation , the suggested layout of the motor
control center , interior wiring details and complete technical literature on all components
used .
END OF CHAPTER
*****************
40 | P a g e
HVAC CONSULTANT:
INDEX
CHAPTER
TITLE
GENERAL PROVISION
AIR COOLED CHILLERS
CENTRIFUGAL WATER PUMPS
FAN COIL UNITS
PIPEWORK AND FITTING
VALVES
EXPANSION TANK
CHEMICAL TREATMENT
INSULATION
10
FOUNDATION AND VIBRATION

ISOLATION
11
METERS AND GAGES
12
AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM
13
WATER BALANCING AND TESTING
14
ELECTRICAL WORK
41 | P a g e

Mechanical Specification

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Mechanical Specification

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HVAC CONSULTANT:

Eng. ABDEL SALAM MAHROUS

American society of mechanical engineers.

15. RECORD DRAWINGS:

CENTRIFUGAL WATER PUMPS

3. MATERIAL OF PIPE FITTING:

4. PIPE SUPPORTS AND ANCHORS:

Max. hanger spacing

EXPANSION COMPRESSION TANK:

3. Pointer : Slotted micro-adjustable

All brass construction, precision gear and pinion

7.Case size = 4:1/2 dia Stainless steel case gouge .

3. FLOW MEASURING GAGES

3.3 Air Pressure Switch:

distribution systems to deliver the required air quantities

Testing of equipment performance to demonstrate conformity with design requirements and

-Open all valves to full open position.

AIR COOLED CHILLERS

CENTRIFUGAL WATER PUMPS

FAN COIL UNITS

PIPEWORK AND FITTING

FOUNDATION AND VIBRATION

METERS AND GAGES

AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM

WATER BALANCING AND TESTING

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