Electromagnet 8.3

CHAPTER 8: Electromagnet
8.3 Fleming Right Hand Rule
FORM 5 COPYRIGHT BY
SUPER EDUCATION GROUP (JO
PREPARED BY JJ MRLEON
Page 1
COPYRIGHT BY SUPER EDUCATION GROUP (JOHOR JAYA)
Page 2
8.3 Electromagnetic Induction

1. A steady magnetic field can be produced by a Solenoid or wire carrying electric current ,
permanent magnet.
2. When we move a coil without any current flow is in a magnetic field, an induced e.m.f (electromotive
force) is produced.
induced current
3. An
flows through the conductor and this phenomenon called
electromagnetic induction
4. Electromagnetic induction requires relative motion between magnet and the coil to produce an induced
current.
For Figure (c),

a)closing and opening switch S continuously
b) adjusting rheostat R (R decrease)
For Figure (d), oscillating the pendulum bob in the magnetic field
When there is relative motion between a conductor or a magnet, the conductor cut the magnetic
flux across the magnetic field lines or change of magnetic flux occurs.
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1. Flemings Right-hand rule can be use to determine the direction of the induction current produced.
Thumb (
motion )
First finger ( Field
)
Center finger ( induced

current )
Induced e.m.f by a moving conductor
Action
The wire is moved upwards
The wire is moved downwards
The wire is move horizontally
Magnet is moved upwards
Obseravtion
Galvanometer deflect to left
Galvanometer deflect to right
No deflection
Galvanometer deflect to right
Induced e.m.f by coil
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Inference
Current flows in wire
Current flows is reversed
No current flows
Current flows is reversed
No deflection
on the
galvanometer
Magnetic
field lines
are being
cut.
No current is
induced
Moving the coil

towards a
magnet also
induces current
Current induced
in opposite
direction
Lenzs Law
1. Lenzs Law also can be use to determine the direction of induced current produced.
2.
Lenzs Law states that the direction of the induced e.m.f is such that its magnetic effects always
oppose
.the change producing.
When the N pole

is moved
towards the
coil, end of coil
becomes N pole.
When the N pole

moved away
from the coil,
end of coil
becomes S pole.
Faradays Law of electromagnetic induction

directly proportional
Page 5
Faradays Law states that the magnitude of the induced e.m.f. is .. to the rate of
change of magnetic flux (rate of cutting magnetic flux) experienced by the conductor.
5. The magnitude of the e.m.f in a wire increases when:
i
The wire is moved faster
ii .
A stronger magnet is used
iii ...
The length of wire in e.m field is
increased
6. The magnitude of the e.m.f in a coil/solenoid increases when:

i
The relative motion between magnet and coil is

.
increased
ii .
The number of turns on coil is increased
iii ....
7. The magnitude of induced current depends on

i.
The magnitude of the induced e.m.f
ii.
the resistance of the circuit
Applications of electromagnetic induction
1
A generator is basically the inverse of a motor. There are many coils of wire wound that can rotate in a
falling water
magnetic field. The axle is turned by some mechanical such as ..,
steam
.
or wind turbine.
The dc generator and ac generator make use of electromagnetic induction to produce Induced e.m.f ,
thus produce the induced current.
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DC Generator
Handle to rotate
Split rings
commutato
r
Page 7
When coils is at its horizontal

position
900
Change of rates of
magnetic flux is maximum
Induced e.m.f is maximum
270
0
...........................
When coils is at its vertical position
00
1800
..
3600
No changes of magnetic
flux
No induced e.m.f is
AC Generator
Draw the graph of output current from the ac generator above
When coils is at its horizontal
90
position
2700
When coils is at its vertical

position
00
1800
..
3600
Handle
Change of rates of magnetic

flux is maximum
Induced e.m.f is maximum
(+ve /-ve)
No changes of magnetic
flux
No induced e.m.f is
induced
Page 8
Alternating and direct current (a.c/d.c)

Current, I/A
AC Current
DC Current
Graphs
Current, I/A
Time, t/s
Current, I/A
Time, t/s
Current, I/A
Time, t/s
Time, t/s
Direction
variable
1 ac generator
constant
Examples of sources and symbols
1 dc generator
2 dynamo
2 dry cells // batteries
3 home plug
3 electrolyte cells
Page 9
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Electromagnet 8.3

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Electromagnet 8.3

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CHAPTER 8: Electromagnet

8.3 Fleming Right Hand Rule

SUPER EDUCATION GROUP (JO

8.3 Electromagnetic Induction

For Figure (c),

Center finger ( induced

Induced e.m.f by a moving conductor

Induced e.m.f by coil

Moving the coil

.the change producing.

When the N pole

When the N pole

Faradays Law of electromagnetic induction

The wire is moved faster

6. The magnitude of the e.m.f in a coil/solenoid increases when:

The relative motion between magnet and coil is

7. The magnitude of induced current depends on

When coils is at its horizontal

When coils is at its horizontal

When coils is at its vertical

Change of rates of magnetic

Alternating and direct current (a.c/d.c)

2 dry cells // batteries

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