Los sulfatos son aquellos componentes que se encuentran en varios

productos de limpieza como el shampoo, detergente, lavalozas, pasta de

dientes, etc. Podemos identificarlos bajo el nombre de Sodium laureth
sulphate (SLES) y Sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS). Este ltimo es menos
agresivo que SLES.
Cul es su funcin?
Su funcin es crear espuma y remover la grasitud, lo cual est muy
bien. El problema es que son altamente irritantes. Les ha cado
shampoo en los ojos alguna vez, provocando ardor? Bueno, es por los
sulfatos. Los sulfatos encapsulan la suciedad que tiene nuestro pelo,
para luego eliminarlo en forma de espuma.
Cmo actan?
Los sulfatos resecan el pelo y remueven los aceites naturales del cuero
cabelludo. Adems, son abrasivos, punto negativo para quienes se tien,
porque arrastran el color rpidamente. Ah tenemos el crculo vicioso: el
color se desvanece y por lo tanto terminamos tindonos ms seguido.
Son buenos o son malos los shampoo con sulfato?
Ni lo uno ni lo otro. Bellas, no todo en la vida es blanco y negro y en el
caso de los shampoo con sulfato el color que le corresponde es el gris.
Que un shampoo contenga sulfatos no significa que sea malo, todo est
en la cantidad de sulfatos que contiene y en el tipo de pelo.
Entonces, quines no pueden utilizar este tipo de shampoo?
Las personas con pelo muy reseco y las personas teidas
principalmente. Pero en este punto vamos a aclarar dos cosas:
* Una persona con el pelo extra graso (esas personas que tienen que
lavarse el pelo casi dos veces al da), sufrir un infierno si usa un
shampoo sin sulfatos (les quedara un exceso de grasa, hasta podra
provocar caspa) ya que estos shampoo generan un exceso de aceite.
* Por el otro lado las personas con el pelo daado y seco deberan evitar
los shampoo con sulfato porque limpian en profundidad incluso
llevndose el aceite propio del cuero cabelludo, y una persona con el
pelo seco lo ltimo que necesita es que le quiten el poco aceite que
produce.

Eso s, quienes ocupen shampoo con sulfato les recomiendo evitar los
que venden en el supermercado, o fijarse porque ya existen algunos que
vienen sin sal. Ojo eso s con los shampoo que son solo una gotita hacen
un kilo de espuma, esos elimnenlos por completo de su lista de
compras.
Te recomiendo para shampoo con sulfato comprar marcas ms naturales
como Weleda o esos Loreal que venden en peluqueras. Para shampoo
sin sulfato lo mejor son marcas como Davines o Elgon que los puedes
encontrar en Casa Pichara.

Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate

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Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate

Names
IUPAC name
Sodium [dodecanoyl(methyl)amino]acetate
Identifiers
CAS Number

137-16-6

Jmol 3D model

Interactive image

PubChem

23668817

InChI[show]
SMILES[show]
Properties
Chemical formula

C15H28NNaO3

Molar mass

293.38 gmol1

Melting point

140 C (284 F; 413 K)

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in

their standard state (at 25 C [77 F], 100 kPa).
verify (what is

?)

Infobox references

Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (INCI), also known as sarkosyl, is an ionic surfactant derived
from sarcosine used as a foaming and cleansing agent in shampoo, shaving foam,
toothpaste, and foam wash products.[1] In molecular biology experiments, sarkosyl is used to
inhibit the initiation of DNA transcription.
This surfactant is amphiphilic due to the hydrophobic 12-carbon chain (lauroyl) and the
hydrophilic carboxylate. Since the nitrogen atom is in an amide linkage, the nitrogen is not
pH active and is neutrally charged in all aqueous solutions regardless of pH. The
carboxylate has a pKa of about 3.6 and is therefore negatively charged in solutions of pH
greater than about 5.5.
pH-sensitive vesicles can be prepared using this surfactant with another cationic or waterinsoluble amphiphiles such as 1-decanol.[2]
Addition of an mixture of equal parts of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate and the non-ionic
surfactant sorbitan monolaurate (S20) to water led to the formation of micelle-like
aggregates, even though neither surfactant formed micelles when present alone. Such
aggregates can help carry other small molecules, such as drugs, through the skin.[3]

In culture[edit]
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate was sold as a special ingredient called 'Gardol' in Colgate
Dental Cream (toothpaste) during the 1950s[4][5][6] through the mid-1960s in the US[7][8] and the
mid-1970s in France.[9] Current use as a preventive dentifrice is in Arm & Hammer
toothpaste.
Sarkosyl is generally used if a lysis procedure is conducted under refrigerated
conditions (significantly lower than room temperature) because at these
temperatures SDS precipitates. SDS is the detergent of choice for most
denaturation applications when lysis procedures are conducted at room
temperature.

SDS clearly is the stronger detergent, since it is commonly used to denature proteins
prior to gel electrophoresis.

Sarkosyl is also a strong detergent and can denature many proteins, but leaves
others unchanged.
If you use 1% sarkosyl and 0.1% SDS that creates a big difference as well. Your
sample could easily bind a lot of the SDS, effectively dropping the concentration
below the CMC and hence removing all SDS micelles. With 1% sarkosyl this
wouldn't happen so quickly. Something to keep in mind.

The major difference between these detergents is that SDS has a negative charge
and sarkosyl is zwitterionic (at pH> 5.5).
Once these detergents bind to proteins through hydrophobic interaction, it is
very difficult to remove them or exchange them with other detergents, especially if
they have the same hydrophobic tail.
If you treat your proteins either first with sarkosyl and then add SDS or the other
way around will probably have no effect, since the first detergent is already tightly
bound and is not easily exchanged.

Sodium #-lauroylsarcosine, or Sarkosyl, is a detergent that is structurally related to SDS,

except that Sarkosyl has an additional polar and rigid peptide bond linkage within the
hydrophobic backbone (Fig. 1). Such rigidity added to the N-terminus of the hydrophobic
chain could lead to a decrease in its ability to be inserted freely into hydrophobic membrane
bilayers and proteins. This could explain why Sarkosyl is milder than SDS in its ability to
denature and disrupt membrane and protein structures. Because of a similar difference in
side-chain structure, the bile acid detergent CHAPS is rendered milder than the strongly
denaturing sodium cholate, which inactivates integral membrane proteins, such as the
serotonin 1A receptor (1). The relatively mild nature of Sarkosyl has been exploited at least
in a few cases. Important examples include the purification of Escherichia coli RNA
polymerase sigma factors by solubilizing inclusion bodies (2) and the solubilization and
purification of the scrapie protein, the prion PrPSc (3, 4). Although comparison of the
structural features of Sarkosyl with those of other detergents suggests that it might be
effective in solubilizing functionally active membrane proteins, the major use of Sarkosyl
has been to isolate DNA and RNA. The principal reason for this is that Sarkosyl is highly
efficient in dissociating nucleosomes and ribosomes (5). The detergent also denatures
nucleic acids and inhibits certain enzymes, such as deoxyribonucleases and ribonucleases,
which could degrade these molecules.