Ana Gonzlez Terron

Psicopedagoga

FORMULAS DE INGLS

1. PRESENTE Y PASADO DEL VERBO TO BE:

SUJETO
AFIRMATIVA
NEGATIVA
PREGUNTA
I
Am (=I'm) / Was
Am not (=I'm not) Wasn't
...am I= / Was I...?
You, We, They Are=You're / We're / They're Are not (=Aren't) Weren't ...are you/we/they? Were you...?
He, She, It
Is (=He's / She's / It's) Was Is not (=Isn't) Was not
...is he/she/it...? Was he...?

Tienes q aprender que el verbo to be tambin se emplea para lo siguiente:

Im hot, I am cold, it was very cold Estoy acalorado/fro (=tengo calor, tengo
frio) hacia mucho frio
Ojo! I have a cold tengo un resfriado
I am seventeen years old tengo 17 aos
Im in a hurry tengo prisa
You are right! Tienes razon
You are late. Why are you late? Llegas tarde. Porqu llegas tarde?
2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS = PROGRESSIVE PRESENT
SUJETO
I
You, We, They
He, She, It

AFIRMATIVA
Am + gerundio -ing
Are + gerundio -ing
Is + gerundio -ing

NEGATIVA
Am not + gerundio -ing
Are not + gerundio -ing
Isn't + gerundio -ing

PREGUNTA
am I + gerundio -ing...?
are + sujeto + gerundio -ing...?
...is + sujeto + gerundio -ing...?

Cundo necesitas expresarte con este tiempo?

Cuando la accin est sucediendo en el momento de hablar:
You are being too demanding Estas siendo demasiado exigente
What is happening in the world? Qu est sucediendo en el mundo?
Many youngsters are working for ONGs
Entiendes la diferencia de contenido entre A y B?:
A) Hi Jon! Where are you going? Hola Jon! A dnde vas? (en este momento)
B) Hi Jon! Where do you go (on holidays)? A dnde vas (sueles ir) de vacaciones?
A) My brother is working in Madrid. esta trabajando (ahora, en estos momentos)
B) My brother works in Madrid. trabaja en Madrid (tiene ya un trabajo fijo)
A) What are you doing? Qu haces? (=qu ests haciendo en este momento)
B) What do you do? Qu haces? (=a qu te dedicas normalmente?)

VERBAL FORMS

Ana Gonzlez Terron

Psicopedagoga

3. PRESENT SIMPLE = SIMPLE PRESENT

SUJETO

AFIRMATIVA

NEGATIVA

I, You, We, They

+ Infinitivo (Go,do,play,work)

He, She, It

+ Infinitivo + "-s"(goes,does,plays,works)
+ Infinitivo + "es"(watches,tries,carries,kisses,flies,catches)

PREGUNTA

+ don't + Inf. ...do + sujeto + inf.?

+ doesn't +
Inf.

...does + sujeto +
inf.?

4. PAST SIMPLE:
SUJETO

AFIRMATIVA

NEGATIVA

PREGUNTA

Todos

a)pasado regular: "ed"

b)pasado irregular

+ did not + Inf (Didn't live, didn't go)

+ did + suj + inf?

Didn't + suj + inf?

Cundo necesitas expresarte con este tiempo?

Cuando quieres contar una accin que empez y termin en un momento concreto del
pasado:
Coln discovered America in 1942
What did you do last summer?
What happened three years ago in September?
My grandfather worked in Germany for twenty years, from 1940 until 1960.

5. PAST CONTINUOUS:
SUJETO
I, he, she, it
You, we, they

AFIRMATIVA
was + gerundio "-ing"
were + gerundio "-ing"

NEGATIVA
wasn't + gerundio "-ing"
weren't + gerundio "-ing"

PREGUNTA
Was + sujeto + "-ing"?
Were + sujeto + "-ing"?

Recuerda que:
Con frecuencia aparece combinado con una accin puntual en PAST SIMPLE
Con frecuencia te encontrars con estos adverbios de tiempo
a) Suddenly De repente
b) As cuando
c) While mientras

VERBAL FORMS

Ana Gonzlez Terron

Psicopedagoga

6. PRESENT PERFECT:
SUJETO

AFIRMATIVA

NEGATIVA

PREGUNTA

I, You, We,
They

have + participio (watched, played, seen, done,

given

Haven't +
participio

...have + sujeto +
part.?

He, She, It

has + participio

Hasn't + participio ...has + sujeto + part.?

Reflexiona sobre las siguientes oraciones:

1) Gasol usually plays very web but today hes (=he has) played rather badly
Gasol suele jugar muy bien pero hoy ha jugado ms bien mal
2) Uso con NEVER: I often talk to girls but Ive (=I have) never kissed any so far

Yo a menudo hablo con chicas pero no he besado nunca a ninguna hasta la fecha
3) Uso con JUST: My brother has just found a job. At last! Mi hermano acaba de
encontrar un trabajo. Por fin!
4) Uso con EVER: Tell me, have you ever been in Japan? Dime, Has estado alguna
vez en Japn?
5) Uso con ALREADY: I have already walked to Santiago de Compostela three
times. Yo ya he caminado a Santiago de Compostela tres veces
6) Uso con YET: Have you finished yet? Has terminado ya?
7) Uso con HOW LONG: For + perodo de tiempo transcurrido / Since + un
momento concreto del pasado (1990, last year...)

7. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS:

SUJETO
AFIRMATIVA
NEGATIVA
PREGUNTA
I, You, We, They Have + been + gerundio Haven't + been + gerundio Have + sujeto + been + gerundio?
He, She, It
Has + been + gerundio Hasn't + been + gerundio Has + sujeto + been + gerundio?

Observa la diferencia entre decir:

A) Hoy he trabajado duro Today I have worked hard
B) Hoy he estado trabajando duro Today I have been working hard

VERBAL FORMS

Ana Gonzlez Terron

Psicopedagoga

8. PAST PERFECT:
a) Sujeto + had + participle
b) Sujeto + hadnt + participle
Formas contractas:
Id... youd... hed wed + participle
Ojo!
Como ves, I had, you had, he had,etc. se pueden contractar en
Id, youd...
Pero como t ya sabes, I would, you would, she would,etc tambin se contraen
en
Id, youd...
Entonces, Cmo los distinguirs? Observa este ejemplo!
Id watched that film twice before, but Id watch it again if I could
Participle

Infinitive

Yo haba visto aquella pelcula dos veces antes, pero la vera de nuevo si pudiese.

VERBAL FORMS