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DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

Experiment1

Subject:TV&RADAR
th
Class:EC/4
Year/VIIISem

SubjectCode:EC804
Session:20152016

Aim
:StudyofRFSection(Tunersection)

Objective:
a)studyofdetailedcircuitdescriptionofRFtunersection

b)StudyofRFsectionthroughgivenTestPoints

Apparatusrequired:
a)TVTrainerkit
b)Antenna
c)Multimeter
d)Connectingchords

RFSection(Tunersection):
The RFSection is mainly consisting of RF Tuner. This tunerhas RFamplifier,amixeranda
local oscillator.The antennareceivestheradiofrequency(RF)wavesfromtheatmosphereand
converts them into corresponding signal variations. These RF variations are fed to RF tuner.
The input impedance of RF Tuner is 75 ohms. The antenna system andcoaxialcableshould
be properly matched. If a coaxial cable of 75 ohms impedance is employed,thereisnoneed
ofanyextramatchingdevicebetweencableandantennasocketatthereceiver.Butincaseifa
feeder wire of 300 ohms is employed thenanimpedancematchingtransformer(30075ohms)
is added between feeder and antennasocketatthereceiver.Thereisalsoaneedofimpedance
matching between outputterminalsofantennaandcoaxialcableorfeederwire.TheRFtuner
selects the signal of the desired channel, amplifies it and converts in to Intermediate
frequencies(IF).ThevideoIFisat38.9MHzandsoundIFisat33.4MHz.
Tuner section has +12V approximately supply voltageatTP14(MB).Thisvoltageisusedfor
all the operations. In thissection+12Visprovidedfromhorizontaloutputsection.Transistors
QA02, QA03, QA04 (BC558) are used for selecting the desired band from tuner section. To
switch on these transistors approximately 10.8 V is provided at theirbase.Outputisobtained
at IF terminal (TP20). AGC Voltage (2.8V approximately)isobtainedfrompin11ofIC7680
(IC101). This voltage is usedforautomaticgain controllingpurpose.AFTvoltageisprovided
from pin 13 of IC7680. ItisavailableatTP16.Tuning pulseoutputfromsystemcontrolICis
fed in to the baseoftransistorQ903(BC547).Whichswitchesonthetransistorandsotuning
voltageof033VapproximatelyisobtainedatTVterminal(TP19).

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Following are the various terminal of RF tuner,whichareprovidedintheformofTestPoints


(TP)inourtrainerkit.
UB :
ThesystemcontrolICprovidestheUHFbandselectionvoltage.Thisvoltage
switchesONthetransistor,henceUHFbandisselected.
HB:
VHFbandIIIselectionvoltageavailablefromsystemcontrolICthrough
switchingtransistoratHBpin.
LB :
VHFbandIselectionvoltageisavailableatLBpinfromsystemcontrolIC
throughswitchingtransistor.
TU :
Channelselectionvoltageisavailableatthispinthroughtransistor.Itvaries
from033Vduringchannelselection.
AGC:
AutomaticGainControlvoltageisavailableatthispinfromIC7680.
AFT:
AutomaticFineTuningvoltageisavailableatthispinfromIC7680.
MB:
Itistunersection'sPowerSupplypin.Here12volt(approximately)isavailable.
IF :
IntermediatefrequencyoutputsignalfromtunerisavailableatIFpin

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DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

Experiment2

Subject:TV&RADAR
th
Class:EC/4
Year/VIIISem

SubjectCode:EC804
Session:20152016

Objective:
StudythefaultsimulationandstepbystepfaultfindingprocedureofRFsection.
FaultInsertion:
Fault1:
Nopicture,onlylowcontrastsnowonscreen.
FaultInsertion:
Removetheshortingshuntfrom2&3pinandplaceitbetweenpin1&2
ofjumpersJ1
Symptoms:
Evenantennaisconnectedbutthereisnopictureonlysoundispresentwithlow
contrast.
FaultSection:
TunerSection
Procedure:

CheckpowersupplyatTP14(MB)oftunersection,itshouldbe+12Vifnot

ThenCheck+12VsupplyatTP13ifitisOK

Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2andplaceitbetweenpin2&3ofjumpers
J1.

Result:
Nowyoushouldget+12VatTP14.
Fault2:
Nopicture,Notransmittingsound
.
FaultInsertion:
Removetheshortingshuntfrom2&3pinandplaceitbetweenpin1&2
ofjumperJ3
Symptoms:
Nopicture,Nosoundandtuningisnotpossible.
FaultSection:
TunerSection.
Procedure:

CheckthevoltageatTP4(33Vapproximately)ifitisnotpresentthen,

Trackmaybeopenorcomponentsarefaulty.

Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2andconnectitbetween2&3ofjumperJ3.

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Result:
NowyoushouldgetpicturewithOKsound.
Fault3:
NoPicture,Notransmittingsound.
Fault Insertion:
Removetheshortingshuntfrom2&3pinandplaceitbetweenpinno.1&2
ofjumperJ4
Symptoms:
Nopicture,thereisonlysnowon&tuningisnotpossible
FaultSection:
Tunersection
Procedure:

Firstchecktheantennawireandantenna.Ifitisproperlyconnectedthen,

Selecttheautotuningmode.ItstartswithVLBand

DuringVLBandtuningperiod12VwillbeobtainedatTP17,

DuringVHBandtuningperiod12VwillbeobtainedatTP18

DuringVHFBandtuningperiod12VwillbeobtainedatTP21,if,itisnotpresentthen,

CheckvoltageatcollectoroftransistorsQA02,QA03,QA04itshouldbe12V,if,itis
OKthen,

CheckthevoltageatEmitteroftransistorQA02,QA03andQA04,itshouldbe12Vif,
itisOKthen

TransistormaybefaultyortrackmaybeopenbetweenTP13andemitteroftransistor,
QA02,QA03,andQA04.

Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2andplaceitbetween2&3ofjumperJ4.

Result:
Nowyoushouldgetpossibletuningandgetpicture.
Fault4:
VHBandisnotselected
FaultInsertion:
Removetheshortingshuntfrompin2&3andplaceitbetweenpin1&2
ofjumperJ5
Symptoms:
Nopicture,notransmittingsound,onlysnow,butsignalreceivedfromantennain
VHbandisofgoodquality.
FaultSection:
Tunersection.
Procedure:

FirstcheckthevoltageatTP13,itshouldbe12V(approximately),ifitisnotpresent
then

CheckthevoltageatTP18,ifitisnotpresentthen

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CheckthevoltageattransistorQA03,ifitisnotpresentthen

TransistormaybefaultyortrackmaybeopenbetweenemitterofTransistorQA03&
TP13.

Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2andplaceitbetween2&3ofjumperJ5.

Result:
NowyouwillgetVHBandselected&goodpicturetoo.
Fault5:
Picturetiltedtooneside.SoundOK.
FaultInsertion:
Removetheshortingshuntfrom2&3pinandplaceitbetweenpin1&2
ofjumpersJ6
Symptoms:
Horizontalshakingisobservedinthepicture.(AGCpresetisathigherside)
FaultSection:
Tunersection
Procedure:

VarythepresetofAGC.IfvariationofpictureisnotfoundtobeOKthen.

Check the voltage variation by keeping the Test Point at TP20 by varying the preset
VR151.Ifnovariationispresent,checkthepreset.Ifitisproperthen.

ResistanceR105maybefaulty,ifitisOKthen,

CheckthecontinuitybetweenR105andTP20,ifitisnotproperthen,

Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2andplaceitbetween2&3ofjumperJ6.

Result:
Properpicturewithoutanyshakingsymptomsisobserved.

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DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

Experiment3

Subject:TV&RADAR
th
Class:EC/4
Year/VIIISem

SubjectCode:EC804
Session:20152016

Objective:
StudyofdetailcircuitdescriptionofVIFsection
This section includes VIF and SIF sections. This trainer uses IC101 (CD7680) for VIF and
SIF sections. The signals at terminal (TP15) of tuner section are fed at the base of transistor
Q161 (C388A) through coupling capacitor C161 (01

f). This amplified IF signals are


available at collector of this transistor and then fed to Saw Filter through capacitor C163
(.01

f) collector of preamplifies transistor gets positive supply by resistances R164 (220

)
and R165 (470

). Base biasing is given by resistance R163 (5.6K) andR162(1K)tobaseof


preamplifier and its emitter is grounded by R166(27

).Outputofsawfilterisfedtopinno.
7 and 8 of IC101(IC7680)bycoilL102(TRF1452)R101(820

)andC101(.01

f)network.
Pin no. 7 &8areVIFamplifierpins.Thesignal fromthissectionisfedtovideodetectorafter
amplification. Video detector detects line video signal and amplified by video pre amplified
section. Composite colour video signals are obtained at pin no. 15. The signal is shown at
TP23.This composite signal also has SIF signal of 5.5 MHz. Ceramic filter Z106 (5.5 MHz)
sets sound IF signals 5.5 MHz through capacitor C7 (68pF). This ceramic filter separatesthe
second IF signal from composite video signal. The filtered soundIFsignalsarefedtopinno.
21 of this IC sound. IF amplifier section amplifies the sound IF signals and send it to FM
detector section where audio signals are obtained. Audio signals are available at pin no. 3 of
this IC at pin no. 22 and24FMdetectorcircuitisconnectedwithFMdetectorscoil.Pinno.1
of this IC gets the volume control signal from pin no. 39 of system control IC through
transistor Q901 (BC547). Pin no. 17 and 18 are the pinsofvideodetectorsection.HereL151
(1445) video detector coil is used. Resistance R108(3.9K)videodetectorcoilandacapacitor
parallel to this coil passes the signal to video detector section for detection. After that the
signal reaches to AFT detectorsection.ThedetectedsignalsfromAFTsectionare obtainedat

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pin no. 13 which is AFT output pin. AFT signals are fed to AFT terminal of Tuner by
resistance R171 (2.7K). From tuner's AFT point this AFT signals are fed to base of buffer
transistor Q910A (BC547) which comes out from its emitter. Then the circuit of C196
(4.7KPF) R925 (4.7K)R924(470

)anddiodeD903(IN4148)passesthissignaltopinno.15
of system control IC. It is very important to give the signaltosystemcontrolsectionbecause
the channels cannot be locked without this signal. AGC voltage is given to AGC terminal of
tuner from pin no. 11 of this IC through resistance R105 (220

). There is (15K) R151


variableresistanceforAGCadjustment.

TheIC7680incorporatesthefollowingfunctions.
a.

GaincontrolledwidebandamplifierprovidingcompleteIFgain.

b.

Videodetection.

c.

Videopreamplification.

d.

AFCdetectionoutputproviding.

e.

IFAGCandRFAGC

f.

SoundIFlimitationandamplification.

g.

FMdetection.

h.

Attenuationandprovidingaudiooutput.

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DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

VIFandSoundIFCircuit

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DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

Experiment4

Subject:TV&RADAR
th
Class:EC/4
Year/VIIISem

SubjectCode:EC804
Session:20152016

Objective:
StudyoffaultsimulationandstepbystepfaultfindingprocedureofVIFsection
Fault6:
NoSound,NoPictureonlyplanerasteronthescreen.
FaultInsertion:
Removetheshortingshuntfrom2&3pinandplaceitbetweenpin1&2
ofjumperJ2
Symptoms:
Thereisnosoundnorpictureonthescreen.Onlyplanerasterispresent.
FaultSection:
VIFSection
Procedure:

Checkpowersupplyatpinno.20ofIC101(IC7680)Ifnotthen,

Check+12VatTP13ifitisOK

ThenmaybetrackopenbetweenTP13andPin20ofIC101

IfnotthencheckthecontinuityconnectionbetweenTP13andTP6.

Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2andplaceitbetweenpin2&3ofjumperJ2.

Result:
Nowyoushouldget+12Vatpinno.20ofIC101.&goodpicturewithsound
Fault7:
PlaneRasterontheScreen.
FaultInsertion:
Removetheshortingshuntfrompin2&3andplaceitbetweenpin1&2
ofjumper31
Symptoms:
Onlyplanerasteronthescreenwithoutanysound.
FaultSection:
VIFSection.
Procedure:

Firstcheckthecompositecolourvideosignalatpinno15ofIC101.IfitisOKthen,

Checkthecompositecolourvideosignalatpinno.39ofIC501.

ThecomponentsconnectedbetweenTP23andpinno.34ofIC501maybefaulty.If
theseareOKthen,

CheckthetrackbetweenTP23andpinno.39ofIC501.

Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2andconnectitbetween2&3ofJumper31.

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Result:
Nowyoushouldgetclearpicturewithsound.
Fault8:
NoPicture.Notransmittingsound.
FaultInsertion:
Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2andplaceitbetweenpin2&3
ofjumperJ37
Symptoms:
NoPicture,thereisonlysnow
FaultSection:
VIFSection
Procedure:

Firstchecktheantennawireandantenna.Ifitisproperlyconnectedthen,

Checkthetunervoltage+12VatTP14.IfitisOKthentunermaybefaulty.

NowtrytogetthepicturewiththehelpofAutotuning/Finetuning.Ifyouarenot
gettingthepicturethen,

Checkthe+33voltatTP4DA13.IfitisOKthen,

Duringtheautomode,checkthevoltagevariationof0Vto8VatemitterofTRQ902.If
itisnotvaryingthen,

TrackmaybetrackopenbetweenDA13andQ902.

Removetheshortingshuntfrompin2&3andconnectedbetween1&2JumperJ37.
Result:
Nowyoushouldgetclearpicturewithsound.
Fault9:
PicturewithdistortedSound.
FaultInsertion:
Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2andplaceitbetweenpin2&3
ofjumperJ7
Symptoms:
Thereispicturewithsnowanddistortedsound.(Incaseofimproperantenna
planerasterwillappear
FaultSection:
VIFSection.
Note:
TofindoutthisproblemtakesignalsfromcolourpatterngeneratorST2670insteadof
antenna.
Procedure:

FirstchecktheIFsignalatTP15,ifitisOKthen,

ChecktheIFSignalatTP22.ifitisOKthen,

CheckthissignalatBaseoftransistorQ161,IfitisOKthen,
Transistormaybefaulty.IfitisOKthen

NowchecktheIFsignalattheendofcapacitorC163connectedtosawfilter,ifitis
weakthen
CheckcapacitorC163isconnectedwithgroundornot.

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Removetheshortingofshuntfrompin2&3andconnectitbetween1&2ofjumper
J7.
Result:
NowyoushouldgetgoodpicturewithOKsound.

Experiment5

Subject:TV&RADAR
th
Class:EC/4
Year/VIIISem

SubjectCode:EC804
Session:20152016

Objective:
StudyofdetailcircuitdescriptionofVideo&CHROMAsection
Scientech Colour TV trainer ST2651
uses ICCD7698(IC501)forvideo&chromasection.
Vital part of the IC is used for chroma section. For chroma section pin no. 1 23 and pin no.
3842 are used, other pins are used for Video section. For chroma section following are the
mainsubsectionsintheIC:
Chromaamplifier
Colouroscillator
Colourkillerdetector
Matrix
Luminance(Y)signalamplifier.
VIF section IC101 (CD7680) pin no. 15 supplies the composite colour video signal to the
inverter pin no. 39 of IC501 (CD7698) by circuit made up of L105 (3.3

H) R958 (330

),
Trap5.5 MHz (ceramic filter) and L201 (12

H). In inverter section this signal is amplified as


wellasdetected,AfterdetectionYsignalgoestoYamplifierwhichisinbuiltinIC,Remaining
amplified composite colour and sink signal are obtainedatpinno.40ofthisIC,thenfedtopin
no. 5 of this IC through resistance R501 (820

), C560 (18pF) and C502 (10pF). Pin no. 5 is


Band pass amplifier pin. Signal goes to band pass amplifier by this pin and amplified here.
Amplified signal isobtainedatpinno8.Frompinno.8thesignalfedto pinno.19ofthisICby
passing it through chroma trap circuit. This trap circuitconsistsofVR551(1K)C507(0.01

f),
C508 (15Pf), C502(10

H)X502(DL701delay line),L551(TRF5418)R510(470

)andC509
(.01

F). From pin no. 8 this signal isalsofedtopinno.17ofthisICintheformofcoloursink


signal by resistance R509 (1.5K), C510 (.01

F) pin no. 17 is of matrix section. Pin no. 41 is


contrast control pin. Pin no. 41 gets the contrast control signal from pin no. 37 of system
control IC through resistance R946 (560

), R945 (1.5K) and R213 (47K). Pin no.4ofthisIC


is brightness control pin. Pin no. 38 of IC901 (system control section) supplies the brightness
control signals at this pin through resistance R941 (1K), R956A(47K),R212(10K).Pinno.7
of IC501 (CD7698) receives the colour control signals from pin no. 36 of IC901 through
resistance R947 (1K), R942 (12K) and R505 (2.2K). Pin no. 20 of IC501 (CD7698) is output

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pin of green colour signal. Green colour output signal from this pin is fed to base of green
colour amplifier transistor. In the same way red colour signal obtained at pin no. 21 of thisIC
and then fed to base of red colour output transistor Q507 (C2310).Blue colour signal obtained
at pin no. 22 of this IC and then fed to base blue colour output transistor Q509 (C2310).RY
signals & BY signals. Y signals from pin no. 42 of this IC are fed topinno.3ofthesame IC
through resistance R203 (1.5K), R210 (1.5K) arid capacitor C204 (.47

F) circuit network.
Luminance signals are out from pin no. 23 of this IC and fed to base of luminance amplifier
transistor.
Q202(2SA1015)thistransistoramplifiesthesignalandoutthesignalbyitsemitter,whichis
thenfedtoallthethreeemittersofthreecolouroutputtransistors.
Pinno.30to37ofIC501(CD7698)worksforhorizontaloscillatorAFCandsyncseparator
sections.

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INDOREINSTITUTEOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

Experiment6

Subject:TV&RADAR
th
Class:EC/4
Year/VIIISem

SubjectCode:EC804
Session:20152016

Objective:
StudyoffaultsimulationandstepbystepfaultfindingprocedureofVideo&chromasection
Fault10:
ThereisyellowcolouronthescreenwithOKPicture.
FaultInsertion:
Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2andconnectitbetween2&3of
jumperJ25.
Symptoms:
Thereisgoodpictureonthescreenwithyellowshadecolour
Faultsection:
Video&Chromasection
Procedure:

Checkpinno.22ofIC501(IC7698)itshouldbe+7.2Vapproximately.Ifitisnotthen
ICmaybefaulty.

Weknowthatifthereisyellowshadeonthescreenitmeansbluecolourisabsent.
Checkcircuitofpinno.22ofIC501(BYoutput)itshouldbe+7.2Vapproximatelyat
Bterminal(Bergstrippin),ifitisnot.

TheremaybetrackopenbetweenthisBterminalandpinno.22ofIC501.

Removetheshortingshuntfrompin2&3andconnectitbetween1&2ofjumperJ25.

Result:
Nowyoushouldgetpictureinnormalcolours.
Fault11:
ThereiscyancolouronthescreenwithOKpicture.
FaultInsertion:
Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2andconnectitbetween2&3of
jumperJ24
Symptoms:
SoundandpictureOKonlyscreenhascyancolourshade
Faultsection:
Video&Chromasection

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DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

Procedure:

Weknowthatifthereiscyancolouronthescreenitmeansthatred.colourisabsent

Checkpinno.21ofIC501.Itshouldbe7.2Vapproximately,ifnotICmaybefaulty

CheckthisvoltageatRterminal,ifitisnotthen,
theremaybetrackopenbetweenpinno.
21ofIC501&Rterminal.

Removetheshortingshuntfrompin2&3andconnectitbetween1&2ofjumperJ24.

Result:
Nowyoushouldgetpicturewithnormalcolours.

Fault12:
ThereismagentashadecolouronthescreenwithOKpicture.
FaultInsertion:
Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2andconnectitbetween2&3of
jumperJ23
Symptoms:
SoundandpictureOKwithmagentashade
FaultSection:
Video&Chromasection.
Procedure:

Weknowthatifthereismagentacolouronthescreenitmeansthatgreencolouris
absent

Checkpinno.20ofIC501itshouldbe+7.2Vapproximately(ifnotthenICmaybe
faulty)ifOKthen,

CheckthisvoltageatGterminal.Ifitisnotthen,
Theremaybetrackopenbetweenpinno.
20ofIC501&Gterminal

Removetheshortingshuntfrompin2&3ofandconnectitbetween1&2ofJumper
J23

Result:
Now,youshouldgetpicturewithnormalcolours.
Fault13:
DullColouredPicture
FaultInsertion:
Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2andconnectitbetween2&3of
jumperJ19
Symptoms:
Thereisdullpicture(Negativetype)onthescreenwithfullcolours.
FaultSection:
VideoandChromaSection
Procedure:

Checktheluminancesignalatpinno.23ofIC501.IfitisnotthenICmaybefaulty,if
it

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isOKthen,

CheckthisluminancesignalatbaseofQ202(1015).Ifitisnotherethen,theremaybe
trackopenbetweenpinno.23ofIC501andbaseofT202.

Replacetheshortingshuntfrom2&3andconnectitbetween1&2ofJumperJ19.

Result:
Turnontheinstrument,youshouldgetgoodpictureonthescreen.
Fault14:
PictureisverticallyrollingwithOKsound
FaultInsertion:
Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2andconnectitbetween2&3of
jumperJ21
Symptoms:
ThereisOKsoundfromthetrainerkitbutpictureisverticallyrolling.
FaultSection:
VideoandChromaSection.
Procedure:

Checkverticalsyncpulseatpinno.36ofIC501(CD7698).IfitisOKthen,

Checkthepulseatpinno.28ofIC.Ifitisnotthen,
TheremaybetrackopenbetweenthesetwopinsorR330(30K)orcapacitor,

Replacetheshortingshuntfrompin2&3andconnectitbetween1&2JumperJ21.

Result:
Nowshouldgetclearpicturewithsound.
Fault15:
Nocolourvariation.
FaultInsertion:
Removetheshortingshuntfrompin2&3andconnectitbetween1&2of
jumperJ27
Symptoms:
Thereisgoodpicturewithoutcolourvariationitmeansblack&whitepicture.
FaultSection:
VideoandChromasection.
Procedure:

FirstcheckthevoltagevariationofIC501atpinno.7,itshouldbe3.5Vto6.5V
approximately.Ifitisnotthen,

CheckthevoltagevariationatTP52.IfitisOKthen,checkthecontinuityoftrack
betweenTP52&pinno.7ofIC501.Ifnocontinuityispresent,then,

Removetheshortingshuntfrom1&2connectitbetween2&3ofjumperJ27.

Result:
Nowyoushouldgetcolourpicturewithpropervariation.
Fault16:
NocolourwithOKsound.
FaultInsertion:
Removetheshortingshuntfrompin2&3andconnectitbetween1&2of
jumperJ28

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Symptoms:
Goodpicturewithoutcolourwhencolourcontrolissettomax.
FaultSection:
Video&Chromasection.
Procedure:
WeknowthatifthereisB/Wpictureonthescreenitmeanscolourburstisabsent.

SofirstchecksignalatR501(820R),thereshouldbecompositevideosignal,ifitisOK
then,

Checkthecolourbrustsignalatpinno.5ofIC501,ifitisnotpresentthen,

TheremaybetrackopenbetweenIC501atpinno.5andR501(820R).

Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2ofjumperJ28andconnectbetweenpin2&
3.

Result:
Nowyoushouldgetcolourpicture.

Fault17:
NocolourwithOKsound.
FaultInsertion:
Removetheshortingshuntfrompin2&3andconnectitbetween1&2of
jumperJ26
Symptoms:
Goodpicturewithoutcolourwhencolourcontrolissettomax
FaultSection:
VideoandChromasection
Procedure:

Firstcheckthesubcarrierfrequency4.43MHzatTP37.Ifitisnotpresentthen,Crystal
maybefaulty,ifitisOKthen,
Checkthecontinuityoftrackofpinno.13&15ofIC501.Ifnocontinuityispresent
then,

Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2connectitbetween2&3ofJumperJ26.

Result:
Nowyoushouldgetcolourpicture.
Fault18:
ThereisblueshadecolourpicturewithOKSound
FaultInsertion1:
Removetheshortingshuntfrompinno.1&2andconnectitbetween
2&3ofjumperJ23
FaultInsertion2:
Removetheshortingshuntfrompinno.1&2andconnectitbetween
2&3ofjumperJ24
Symptoms:
SoundandpictureOKonlyscreenhasbluecolourshade.
FaultSection:
VideoandChromasection.

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Procedure:

Checkpinno.21ofIC501itshouldbe7.2Vapproximately,ifnotpresent,ICmaybe
faulty

CheckthisvoltageatRterminal,ifitisnotthen,
Theremaybetrackopenbetweenpinno.21ofIC501&Rterminal.

Checkpinno.20ofIC501itshouldbe+7.2Vapproximately(ifnotthenICmaybe
faulty)ifOKthen,

CheckthisvoltageatGterminal.Ifitisnotthentheremaybetrackopenbetweenpin
no.20ofIC501&Gterminal

Remove the shorting shunt from pin 2 & 3 and connect it between 1 & 2 of jumper J24
Removetheshortingshuntfrompin2&3andconnectitbetween1&2ofjumperJ23
Result:
Nowproperpicturewithsoundisobserved.
Fault19:
Thereisgreencolourpicture
.
FaultInsertion1:
Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2andconnectitbetween2&3
ofjumperJ25
FaultInsertion2:
Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2andconnectitbetween2&3
ofjumperJ24
Symptoms:
SoundandpictureOKonlyscreenhasGreencolourshade.
FaultSection:
VideoandChromasection.
Procedure:

Checkpinno.22ofIC501(IC7698)itshouldbe+7.2Vapproximately,ifitisnotthen
ICmaybefaulty.

Checkcircuitofpinno.22ofIC501(BYoutput)itshouldbe+7.2Vapproximatelyat
Bterminal(Bergstrippin),ifitisnotthen,
TheremaybetrackopenbetweenthisBterminalandpinno.23ofIC501

Checkpinno.21ofIC501itshouldbe7.2Vapproximately,ifnotICmaybefaulty

CheckthisvoltageatRterminal,ifitisnotthen,
Theremaybetrackopenbetweenpinno.21ofIC501&Rterminal

Removetheshortingshuntfrompin2&3placeitbetween1&2jumperJ25,if,itis
notproperthen,

Removetheshortingshuntfrompin2&3placeitbetween1&2ofjumperJ24

Result:
Properpicturewithsoundisobserved.

INDOREINSTITUTEOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

Fault20:
Thereisredcolourshadepicture.
FaultInsertion1:
Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2andconnectitbetween2&3
ofjumperJ25
FaultInsertion2:
Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2andconnectitbetween2&3
ofjumperJ23
Symptoms:
SoundandpictureOKonlyscreenhasredcolourshade.
FaultSection:
VideoandChromasection.
Procedure:

Checkpinno.22ofIC501(IC7698)itshouldbe+7.2Vapproximately,if,itisnotthen
ICmaybefaulty.

Checkcircuitofpinno.22ofIC501(BYoutput)itshouldbe+7.2Vapproximatelyat
Bterminal(Bergstrippin),ifitisnotthen,
TheremaybetrackopenbetweenthisBterminalandpinno.22ofIC501.

Checkpinno.20ofIC501itshouldbe+7.2Vapproximately(ifnotthenICmaybe
faulty)ifOKthen,checkthisvoltageatGterminal.Ifitisnotthen,
Theremaybetrackopenbetweenpinno.20ofIC501&Gterminal.

Removetheshortingshuntfrompin2&3andplaceitbetween1&2ofjumperJ25,if
itisnotproper.

Removetheshortingshuntfrompin2&3andplaceitbetween1&2ofjumperJ23.

Result:
Properpicturewithsoundisobserved.

INDOREINSTITUTEOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

Experiment7

Subject:TV&RADAR
th
Class:EC/4
Year/VIIISem

SubjectCode:EC804
Session:20152016

Objective:
Study of detailed circuit description of Horizontal Oscillator Section and Horizontal Output
Sections
HorizontalOscillator:
Pin no. 40 of IC501 (CD7698) supplies the composite sync signal to pin no. 37 (Sync
Separator) of this ICthroughthecircuitofR301(750

),R302(560K),capacitorC301(1

F),
C302(.01

F),C303(560PF)R513(15K)anddiodeD301(IN4148).
Sync separator section separatesthehorizontalsyncandverticalsync.Horizontalsyncsignals
are supplied to AFC section in builtinICfromsyncseparatorsection.Thishorizontalsection
produces the signal of frequency 15625 Hz. These signals are fed to burst gate inside the IC
andalsotophasedetectorsectionatpinno.35.

INDOREINSTITUTEOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

At pin no. 35 fly back pulses are supplied from pin no. 10 of EHT through resistance R402
(27K), C402 (.47

F) R403 (3.9K). The phase detector section compares the phase and
frequency of horizontal sync pulses and fly back pulses and difference control voltage is
produced. This control voltage is responsible for constant frequency 15625 Hz of horizontal
oscillator. for controlling the frequency of horizontal oscillator horizontal hold circuitis used
which is made up of R410 (15K), R406 (150K), C405 (3KPF) and VR451(10K).Thistuned
circuit is connected with pin no.34 of IC7698. On varying the horizontal hold preset the
voltage at pin no. 34 is varyingwhichaffectsthefrequencyproducedbyhorizontaloscillator.
For working of horizontal oscillator section positive supply is given at pin no. 33 of IC7698.
Here voltage is supplied from +110V supply by resistance R416 (6K8). When horizontal
output section is working then 12V supply is converted in to DC by R448 (6R2, 2W), D408
(BY159) and passed through R30 (3K3) and diodeD1 (IN4148)andobtainedatpinno.33of
thisIC.Pinno.30and31arethenegativesupplypinswhicharegrounded.
HorizontalDriver:
IC501 gives the Horizontal drive signals at pin no. 32. These signals are fed to the base of
Horizontal driver transistor T402 (C2310) through coil L407 (1

H), and resistance R 411


(33

). At Collector, amplified signals are obtained. It goes to the primary coil of horizontal
driver transformer. From secondary of this transformer signals are fed to the base of
horizontal output transistor Q404 (BU508DF). At one end of horizontal driver transformer
primary coil, + 110V is supplied by resistance R416A (1.5K) which reach uptothecollector
of horizontal driver, transistor through the other end of primary emitter of horizontal driver
transistorisdirectlygrounded.

HorizontalOutputSection:
This section includes one transistor and EHT transformer. From secondary of horizontal
drivertransformersignalsarefedtothebaseofhorizontaloutputtransistorQ404(BU508DF).
Its collector gets the positive supply from primary winding pin no. 1 and 5 of EHT
transformer and R410A (1

, 1W). Its emitter is directly groundedwhenQ404getsthe signal


of frequency 15,625 Hz then it works as a switch, when it is ON then current is flowing
through Pin no. 1 and 5 of EHT transformer and for Offthereisnocurrent.Inthiswaythis
transistor works as a current supplier for limited time for the time gaps. Because of thistime
gaps current pulses are also produced. The frequency of these pulses is also 15,625Hz.EHT
works on these current pulses. This induced currentinprimaryproducesvoltageinsecondary
coil this signal is fed to the horizontal yoke coil. The function of yoke coil is electron beam
spreadinginleftandrightdirectiononpicturetubescreen.

INDOREINSTITUTEOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

INDOREINSTITUTEOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

INDOREINSTITUTEOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

INDOREINSTITUTEOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

Experiment8

Subject:TV&RADAR
th
Class:EC/4
Year/VIIISem

SubjectCode:EC804
Session:20152016

Objective:
StudyofhorizontaloscillatorandhorizontaloutputsectionthroughFollowingTestPoints
TP5Red

Horizontaloutputsection

TP6Red

Horizontaloutputsection
forVIFSection
Horizontaloutputsection
forRGBvideooutputsection
(CRTbasePCB)
Horizontaloutputsection

TP7Red

TP8Red
TP27Red

HorizontalOscillator
partofVideo&ChromaIC501

TP30Red

HorizontalOscillator
Video&ChromaIC501

+110V(approximately)
+12V(approximately)

+185V(approximately)

FilamentVoltage6.3V
AC(approximately)
Ident(Sync)signal

Horizontaldriversignalpartof

INDOREINSTITUTEOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

Experiment9

Subject:TV&RADAR
th
Class:EC/4
Year/VIIISem

SubjectCode:EC804
Session:20152016

Objective:
StudyofverticaloscillatorandverticaloutputsectionthroughfollowingTestPoints
TP11Red

VerticalOutput

VYoke

TP12Red

VerticalOutput

VYoke

TP32Red

Verticaloscillator
Partofvideo&ChromaIC

Verticalfeedback

TP33Blue

VerticalOscillator
ChromaIC

VerticaldriverPartofVideo&

INDOREINSTITUTEOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

TP41Red

Verticaloutputsection+17V(approximately)

FaultSection:
Verticaloscillator(partofvideo&chromaIC501)
Procedure:

Checkverticalfrequencyof50Hzatpinno.24ofIC501(IC7698)ifitisOKthen,

IfitisnotthenICorrelatedcircuitmaybefaulty

CheckthissignalatbaseoftransistorQ303,ifitisnotthen

FaultyR325ortrackmaybeopenbetweenpinno.24ofIC501andbaseofQ303.

Removetheshortingshuntfrompin2&3andplaceitbetween1&2ofjumperJ18.

Result:
Nowyoushouldgetpictureonthescreen.

FaultSection:
VerticaloutputSection.
Procedure:

Checkoutputoftheverticaldriverpinno.24ofIC501Itisverticalfrequencyof50Hz.
IfitisOKthen,

CheckoutputofverticaloutputsectionatR333(1R).Itshouldbeamplifiedsignal.Itis
notcorrectthen,

Faultycomponentsinitscircuitorgroundmaybeopen.

CheckR313(15K)anditsgroundconnection.
Removetheshortingshuntfrompin1&2andconnectitbetween2&3ofjumperJ17.

Result:
Nowyoushouldgetclearpicture.

INDOREINSTITUTEOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

Experiment10

Subject:TV&RADAR
th
Class:EC/4
Year/VIIISem

SubjectCode:EC804
Session:20152016

Objective:

StudyoftheworkingofDopplerRadar
Procedure:
1. Takeatripodstandfromthesuitcase.
2. FittheTransreceiverunitonthetripodstandandadjustthesuitableheightfor
experiment.
3. ConnecttheSMPSsupplytothetrainerNV2001.
4. Connectthedinconnectorcablefromtrainerboard(leftsideoftrainer)to
Transreceiverunit.
5. FirstlySwitch
On
theSMPSsupplyandthen
Power
switchonthetrainer
board.(Afterswitch
on
PowerswitchnearLEDwillbeglow.)
Note:Power
switchisprovidedonlyforONorOFFatthetimeofexperiment
&SMPSswitchisamainswitch.
6. Switch
On
thebuzzerontrainerboardandset
Level
Potentiometerinfully
clockwisedirection.
7. ConnectaCROprobeontestpointof
DopplerFrequencySignal
(fd)andwaveyourhandorreflectedinfrontofantenna.
8. For maximum gain detection adjust the
Detection Adjust
potentiometer in
such a way that moving object in front of antenna can be detectedwith beep
soundandalsoobservethesignalsontheOscilloscope/DSO.

INDOREINSTITUTEOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

9. IfanynoiseisobserveonCROthenadjustthe
Level
Potentiometertoreduce
thenoise.
Note:
Since all the reflected signals (Fd) are of very low frequencies and
always we have to capture the events, so it is better to use PC with the software
NV2001
provided to observe the waveforms instead of using analog scopes.
(Digitalstorageoscilloscopesmaybeused)
10. ProcedureforusingSoftware
a) Installthesoftwareandopenit.
b) ConnecttheaudiocablefromEPsocket(leftsideoftrainer)tolineIn/MICin
input(soundcardinput)ofPC.
c) Select
StartAcquisition
onthesoftwarewindow.
d) Ifanynoiseisoccuronsoftwarewindowthenagainadjustthe

Level
potentiometertoreducethenoise.
e) Now we can observe the waveform on PC. For measurements we have to
select
Stop Acquisition
and then we can measure the frequency and time
byselectingDopplerfrequencycalculation
.
f) Wecanalsoobservethewaveforminfrequencyandtimedomain.

INDOREINSTITUTEOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

1. In this way we can perform all experiments. Please note that this is low power
transreceiverforeducationalexperimentalpurposeonly.
2.

Observe the Doppler frequency on CRO/PC. It is generated because of waving


the hand or object. We can move anyobjectinfrontofit,Dopplerechoeswillbe
alwaysthere.

3.

Thisexperimentgivesthegeneralworkingoftrainer.

Experiment11

Subject:TV&RADAR
th
Class:EC/4
Year/VIIISem

Objective:

SubjectCode:EC804
Session:20152016

INDOREINSTITUTEOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

DeterminationofthevelocityoftheobjectmovingintheRadarrange
Procedure:
1. Followtheprocedureasgiveninexperiment1fromstep1to9.
2. ConnecttheaudiocablefromEPsocket(leftsideoftrainer)tolineIn/MICin
input(soundcardinput)ofPC.
3. Openthesoftwarewindow.(Ifsoftwareisnotinstalledthenfirstinstallit)
4. SelectStartAcquisitiononthesoftwarewindow.
5. Ifanynoiseisoccuronsoftwarewindowthenagainadjustthe
Level
Potentiometertoreducethenoise.
6. KeeptheSlidingPlatformformovingtheobjectinfrontofRadarantenna.
7. Connectthemetallicobjectontheslidingplatform.

When object is moved slowly from right to left or left to right corresponding Doppler
frequencycanbeobservedandmeasuredontestpoint
fd
Weknowthat

INDOREINSTITUTEOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

1. OncetheDopplerfrequencyismeasured,velocityofobjectcanbefoundout
veryeasily.
2.

Repeattheexperimentbymovingtheobjectfast.

1. ObservethechangeinDopplerfrequencyandthevelocityofobject.

INDOREINSTITUTEOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

Experiment12

Subject:TV&RADAR
th
Class:EC/4
Year/VIIISem

SubjectCode:EC804
Session:20152016

Objective:

UnderstandingtheprincipleofDopplerRadaroftimeandfrequencymeasurementwiththe
helpofmovingpendulum.

Procedure:
1.

Followtheprocedureasgiveninexperiment1fromstep1to9.

2.

Record and measure the signal gain at test point


fd
onDSO, atfixedtimebase
positionof500msec/divandfixedamplitude3times(oranyfixedparameter).

3.

Hangthependulumonstand.

4.

NowmovethependuluminfrontofRadarantennainthedirectionofhorn
antenna
.

1.

YoucanobserveaverylowfrequencysignalonDSO/CRO.

2.

Measurethetimeperiodofthesignal.

3.

Case1(forexample)

INDOREINSTITUTEOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

AsweknowthattheoreticallythetimeperiodTofpendulumisgivenby

Where,
l
=Lengthofthestring

g=Gravitationalconstant=9.8m/sTake
l
=333mm

=0.333m
SoT=1.15s

Nowfromcapturedsignal on CROitcan beobservethatwhenpendulumismoving to


and fro then Doppler Radar draws the signal twice, so we have to measure the
time period between any first and third pulse or peak of the signal, as cursors are in
followingfigure.

1.

Case2

Take =258mm=0.258mSoT=1.01s
NowcapturethesignalinthispositiononCRO

INDOREINSTITUTEOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

Resultsarechangingbychangingthelength.ItmeansRadarisdetectingforverysmall
objectsalso,withtheaccurateresultstoo.
Alsomeasurethetimeperiod

TP35Red

HorizontalOscillator
Video&ChromaIC501

flybackpulsepartof

INDOREINSTITUTEOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

TP36Red
HorizontalOscillatorInputforSync.SeparatorpartofVideo&Chroma
IC501(compositecolourvideosignal)
TP40Blue
Horizontaloutput
Horizontalblankingpulse

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