Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MODEL 26XTDL
Part No. 910-192B
July 2001
July 2001
910-192B
Preface
The Model 26XTDL Ultrasonic Gage has been designed and
manufactured as a precision instrument. Under normal working
conditions it will provide long, trouble-free service.
Damage in transit - Inspect the unit thoroughly immediately upon
receipt for evidence of external or internal damage that may have
occurred during shipment. Notify the carrier making the delivery
immediately of any damage, since the carrier is normally liable for
damage in shipment. Preserve packing materials, waybills, and other
shipping documentation in order to establish damage claims. After
notifying the carrier, contact Panametrics so that we may assist in the
damage claims, and provide replacement equipment, if necessary.
Warranty
Panametrics guarantees the Model 26XTDL to be free from defects in
materials and workmanship for a period of two years (twenty-four
months) from date of shipment. The warranty only covers equipment
that has been used in a proper manner as described in this instruction
manual and has not been subjected to excessive abuse, attempt
unauthorized repair, or modification. DURING THIS WARRANTY
PERIOD, PANAMETRICS LIABILITY IS STRICTLY LIMITED
TO REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT OF A DEFECTIVE UNIT AT ITS
OPTION. Panametrics does not warrant the Model 26XTDL to be
suitable for intended use, and assumes no responsibility for
unsuitability for intended use. Panametrics accepts no liability for
consequential or incidental damages including damage to property
and/or personal injury.
MODEL 26XTDL
910-192B
July 2001
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
910-192B
Table of Contents
1
INTRODUCTION..................................................
TRANSDUCER ZERO COMPENSATION ...........
VELOCITY AND ZERO CALIBRATION ...............
MATERIAL VELOCITY CALIBRATION ..............
3.4.1 WHEN MATERIAL SOUND
VELOCITY IS UNKNOWN ........................
3.4.2 WHEN MATERIAL SOUND
VELOCITY IS KNOWN...............................
3.5 ZERO CALIBRATION ..........................................
3-1
3-2
3-2
3-4
3-4
3-5
3-6
BACKLIGHT .........................................................
DISPLAY BLANK OR HOLD ................................
CALIBRATION LOCK ..........................................
AUTO SHUT-OFF ................................................
DISPLAY RESOLUTION......................................
GAGE RESET ......................................................
ID# FLASH ...........................................................
UNITS (Inches or Millimeters) ..............................
MODEL 26XTDL
4-2
4-3
4-3
4-4
4-4
4-5
4-6
4-7
iii
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July 2001
iv
5-1
5-4
5-4
5-5
5-5
5-6
5-7
5-7
5-8
5-8
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
910-192B
6 SPECIFICATIONS................................................. 6-1
7 THEORY OF OPERATION ................................... 7-1
8 APPLICATION NOTES ......................................... 8-1
8.1 FACTORS AFFECTING PERFORMANCE
AND ACCURACY ................................................ 8-1
8.2 TRANSDUCER SELECTION ............................... 8-4
8.3 HIGH TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS......... 8-7
MODEL 26XTDL
9-1
9-1
9-2
9-2
9-3
v
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July 2001
vi
APPENDIX I
SOUND VELOCITIES
APPENDIX II
SERIAL INTERFACE
APPENDIX III
DATA FORMATS
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
910-192B
1 GENERAL INFORMATION
The Panametrics Model 26XTDL is a simple to operate hand-held
ultrasonic thickness gage with built in internal data logger designed
primarily for corroded metal applications. Although the Model
26XTDL has many features, it is as simple to use as a basic thickness
gage. To measure thickness with a calibrated gage, simply couple the
transducer to the surface of the material, and read the thickness.
The gage uses dual-element transducers to measure the thickness of
corroded, pitted, scaled, granular and other difficult materials from
one side only. A full line of transducers are available to measure
materials between 0.020 (0.50mm) and 20 (500mm) thickness and
between -20C and +500C in temperature.
The Model 26XTDL makes full use of its microprocessor to offer
selectable advanced measurement features. Moreover, the
microprocessor in the Model 26XTDL continuously adjusts the
receiver setup so that every measurement is optimized for reliability,
range, sensitivity, and accuracy.
The addition of a built in data logger allows a simple method for
recording thickness readings and labeling each point with an
Identification Code. The 26XTDL can store up to 8000 thickness
readings. This feature provides an alternative to recording data
manually.
The advanced measurement features of the Model 26XTDL include
the following:
Automatic probe recognition
MODEL 26XTDL
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July 2001
Page 1-2
MODEL 26XTDL
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BASIC OPERATION
STANDARD
RESOLUTION:
SOUND VELOCITY:
BLANK MODE:
Page 2-1
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2.1
July 2001
INITIAL SETUP
Follow this procedure when operating the gage for the first time.
Step 1:
Plug the transducer into the connector at the top end of the
Model 26XTDL case.
Note that the transducer cable connector must be oriented
with center pin up.
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MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
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Step 3:
Step 4:
MODEL 26XTDL
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July 2001
2.2
MAKING MEASUREMENTS
Step 1:
Step 2:
Step 3:
2.3
LOW BATTERY
The gage will operate for at least 250 hours on one set of batteries
under normal conditions (not in FAST mode and with backlight off).
The battery symbol in the upper left corner of the display indicates
remaining battery life.
Page 2-4
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
3
3.1
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CALIBRATION
INTRODUCTION
2.
3.
MODEL 26XTDL
Page 3-1
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3.2
July 2001
TRANSDUCER ZERO
COMPENSATION
This step must be done whenever the message do-- and the ZERO
flag are displayed (do ZERO).
To do the Transducer Zero Compensation, wipe any couplant from the
transducer face, and press the [ZERO] key. The gage will
momentarily display the zero calibration value and then go to the
measure mode automatically. When measurements are being made on
surfaces that are significantly above or below room temperature, the
[ZERO] key should be pressed on a regular basis.
3.3
Step 2:
Step 3:
Step 4:
Step 5:
Page 3-2
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
910-192B
Step 6:
Couple the transducer to the thin block and press the [CAL]
key.
Step 7:
Step 8:
Step 9:
Step 2:
Step 3:
MODEL 26XTDL
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July 2001
Step 4:
3.4
MATERIAL VELOCITY
CALIBRATION
Step 2:
Step 3:
Step 4:
Page 3-4
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
910-192B
Step 5:
] slewing
Step 6:
From the Measure mode press the [VEL] key. The current
velocity will be displayed.
Step 2:
MODEL 26XTDL
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910-192B
July 2001
Step 3:
3.5
ZERO CALIBRATION
Step 2:
Step 3:
Step 4:
Step 5:
Page 3-6
] slewing
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
Step 6:
910-192B
Press the [MEAS] key to complete the calibration and return
to the Measure mode. If the gage is turned off before the
[MEAS] key is pressed, the Zero value will not be updated
to the new value but instead will retain the previous
current value.
If the gage beeps and displays OFLO before returning to the Measure
mode, an error has been made in the calibration procedure and the
Zero value has not been changed. The most likely cause is that the
entered thickness was not correct.
MODEL 26XTDL
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ADDITIONAL GAGING
FEATURES
MODEL 26XTDL
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July 2001
Auto Shut-off
Gage Reset
ID Flash On or Off
Data Logger Reset (Refer to Section 5 of this Manual)
RS232 Sending Mode (Refer to Section 5 of this Manual)
Baud Rate Setting (Refer to Section 5 of this Manual)
Output Format for Data Output (Refer to Section 5 of this
Manual)
To access or change any of these functions in the Setup mode, press
[2nd F], [F1](Setup), then use the [
] or [
] keys to advance to
the function of interest.
The details for using and setting all of these features are described in
the following.
4.1
BACKLIGHT
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
910-192B
Press the [F1] key to toggle between these choices. To return to the
Measure mode, press [MEAS]. To access other functions press the [
] or [
] slewing key.
4.2
4.3
CALIBRATION LOCK
MODEL 26XTDL
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July 2001
To set the Calibration Lock, enter the Setup mode by pressing [2nd F],
[F1](Setup) and then [
] or [
] slewing key until the lock
symbol flashes and the display reads either On or Off (see Fig. 4-1
and Fig. 4-2). Press [F1] to select the desired lock condition. To return
to the Measure mode, press [MEAS]. To access other functions press
the [
] or [
] slewing key.
4.4
AUTO SHUT-OFF
Normally the gage turns off automatically after about six minutes if no
key has been pressed and no measurement has been made within that
time. This is to prevent the battery from running down if the gage is
left unattended for a long period of time without being turned off.
This shutoff can be disabled if for any reason it presents a problem.
To disable or enable the auto shut-off mode, enter the Setup mode by
pressing [2nd F], [F1](Setup) and then [
] or [
] slewing key
until the display reads P.AUt (Power Auto Shutoff) or P.On
(Power Always On) (see Fig. 4-1 and Fig. 4-2). To change to the
alternate power selection, press the [F1] key. To return to the Measure
mode, press [MEAS]. To access other functions, press the [ ] or
[ ] key.
4.5
DISPLAY RESOLUTION
Page 4-4
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
910-192B
4.6
GAGE RESET
A simple key sequence may be used to quickly restore the gage to the
default setup shown below. This may be useful to new operators while
becoming familiar with the individual feature setups described
elsewhere in this section. This may also be useful to experienced
operators as an efficient short-cut to a known configuration.
The default setup established by this reset is as follows:
Units in inches
Measure mode with normal display update rate
Material Velocity = 0.2322 in/S, the approximate velocity of the
included test blocks
Default zero calibration.
Default sensitivity
Calibration keys unlocked
Blank display when LOS
Standard resolution (.001in.)
Backlight off
Auto Shut-Off on
MODEL 26XTDL
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July 2001
Gain: standard
Material Sensitivity Optimization off
Alarm off
Differential off
To perform the Gage Default Setup Reset, enter the Setup mode by
pressing [2nd F], [F1](Setup) and then the [
] or [
] slewing
key until the display reads rSt1 (see Fig. 4-1 and Fig. 4-2). To
perform the reset, press the [F1] key. After resetting, the gage will
momentarily display the word dONE and then will return to
displaying rSt1. To return to the Measure mode press [MEAS]. To
access other functions press the [
] or [
] slewing key.
4.7
ID# FLASH
Page 4-6
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
4.8
910-192B
4.9
FREEZE
The Freeze function allows the operator to freeze the thickness display
when the [FREEZE] key is pressed. The display is returned to an
active status by pressing [FREEZE] a second time or by pressing
[MEAS]. This function is useful in a situation when the user wishes
to hold a displayed thickness reading. This is helpful for high
temperature thickness measurement applications to limit the
transducer contact time. The freeze can also be used in combination
with the Fast/Min function (See 4.10 FAST DISPLAY for more
details.).
MODEL 26XTDL
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910-192B
July 2001
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
910-192B
This may be useful when the thickness profile of the test piece is very
irregular, at elevated temperature, or when surface conditions are so
rough that thickness cannot be measured at all locations. To obtain
good readings quickly, select the Fast Min Display and scan the
transducer on the material surface.
Note: The battery charge life is decreased by more than 50%
when operating in the Fast Min mode.
To select the Fast Display with Minimum Thickness Hold, press the
[FAST/MIN] key twice. The Fast/Min Flag will be flashing on the
LCD display. Once activated, couple the transducer to the test piece
and take desired measurements. To view the minimum thickness,
uncouple the transducer. In this mode, pressing the [FREEZE] key
will freeze the display. Pressing [FREEZE] again will unfreeze the
display and recall the minimum. Pressing [MEAS] will reset the scan.
MODEL 26XTDL
Page 4-9
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July 2001
To adjust the gain in the 26XTDL, press [GAIN]. The display will
show either Std (for standard default gain), Lo (for low gain
setting, -6dB), or Hi (for high gain setting, +10dB). By repeatedly
pressing [GAIN], the gage will toggle between the three choices.
Once the desired setting has been selected the gage will automatically
return to the measure mode at the new selected gain.
Page 4-10
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
910-192B
Step 2:
Step 3:
MODEL 26XTDL
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July 2001
Page 4-12
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MODEL 26XTDL
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July 2001
Page 4-14
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MODEL 26XTDL
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Page 4-16
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
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Two very powerful and useful features of the Model 26XTDL are the
internal data logger and the serial RS232 communications interface.
The operation of the data logger and data transmission are discussed
in this section. Details of the serial interface cable, the format of the
transmitted data may be found in the following appendices:
5.1
Appendix II
Serial Interface
Appendix III
DATA LOGGER
Page 5-1
910-192B
July 2001
If only one file is selected the data logger will have ID#s 0001-8000
within file number one (F01). If two files are selected the data logger
will have ID#s 0001-4000 in each of the two files, F01 and F02. If
the maximum number of files is selected (15) the data logger will have
ID#s 0001-0533. The table below summarizes this:
Table 5-1
Number of Files
F001
0001-8000
F001-F002
0001-4000
F001-F003
0001-2666
F001-F004
0001-2000
F001-F005
0001-1600
F001-F006
0001-1333
F001-F007
0001-1142
F001-F008
0001-1000
F001-F009
0001-0888
F001-F010
0001-0727
F001-F012
0001-0666
F001-F013
0001-0615
Page 5-2
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
910-192B
F001-F014
0001-0571
F001-F015
0001-0533
MODEL 26XTDL
Page 5-3
910-192B
July 2001
5.2
5.2.1
Step 1:
Press [2nd F], [FILE] (File Set) and the gage will display
the message CLr? This indicates that in order to reset the
number of files the gage memory must first be erased.
Step 2:
Step 3:
Step 4:
When done press [MEAS]. The gage will now sound a long
beep while displaying F.bld. During this time the gage is
organizing the data base. When finished the gage will stop
beeping and return to either the measure mode or do-
depending on which mode the gage was in last.
Step 5:
The gage is now ready to start storing data. The gage will
automatically default to filename F001, and ID# 0001.
Page 5-4
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
5.2.2
910-192B
Press [FILE] and the gage will display the current open file.
Step 2:
] or [
] until
Step 2:
Press [
Step 3:
Once selected, press [MEAS] and the gage will return to the
measure mode ready to store data at the selected Filename
and ID#.
5.2.3
Step 1:
Step 2:
Step 3:
MODEL 26XTDL
] or [
Page 5-5
910-192B
July 2001
Step 4:
The display will beep indicating that the reading has been
saved. Depending on the gage setup the current ID# may
flash on the display indicating to the operator the next
location in the database. See Section 4.7.
Step 5:
Step 6:
5.2.4
Step 1:
Step 2:
Press [
] or [
Step 4:
Step 5:
Page 5-6
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
5.2.5
910-192B
] or
Step 2:
With the ID# on the display press [2nd F], [ID#](Clr Mem)
Step 3:
5.2.6
From the measure mode press [2nd F], [ID#] (Clr Mem) and
the gage will display the first ID# (0001) in the file.
Step 2:
Using the [
] and [
] slewing keys change the ID# to
the first ID# in the desired range of data to be erased. If the
desired starting ID# is 0001 then this step is not necessary.
Step 3:
Press [2nd F], [ID#] (Clr Mem) and the gage will display
the last ID# in the file.
Step 4:
Using the [
] and [
] slewing keys change the ID# to
the last ID# in the desired range of data to be erased. If the
desired ending ID# is the last one in the file then this step is
not necessary.
Step 5:
MODEL 26XTDL
Page 5-7
910-192B
July 2001
5.3
Step 2:
Once the desired file is selected, press [2nd F], [ID#] (Clr
Mem). The gauge will display the message CLr?.
Step 3:
Press [2nd F], [ID#] (Clr Mem) to clear the file. the gage
will display CLr- indicating that the file is being erased.
The gage will display the file name when finished erasing.
Use the [
] or [
] slewing keys to select another file
to erase or press [MEAS] to return to the measure mode.
5.3.1
Option 2:
Page 5-8
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
910-192B
d) Press [MEAS] and the gage will be frozen for
a few seconds while reorganizing the data
base.
5.3.2
Step 1:
Step 2:
Step 3:
Step 4:
Step 5:
MODEL 26XTDL
Page 5-9
910-192B
July 2001
5.3.3
Step 1:
Step 2:
Step 3:
Step 4:
5.3.4
Step 1:
Step 2:
Step 3:
Page 5-10
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
910-192B
Step 4:
Press [SEND] and hold until the beep (about one second).
The gage will display the first ID# (0001) in the file.
Step 5:
Using the [
] and [
] slewing keys change the ID# to
the first ID# of the desired range of data to be transmitted.
Step 6:
Press [SEND] and the gage will display the last ID# in the
file.
Step 7:
Using the [
] and [
] slewing keys change the ID# to
the last ID# of the desired range of data to be transmitted.
Step 8:
5.4
Step 2:
MODEL 26XTDL
Page 5-11
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5.5
July 2001
To perform the data logger reset, enter the setup mode by pressing
[2nd F], [F1](Setup) and then [
] or [
] slewing key until the
display reads rSt 2. To perform the reset, press the [F1] key. After
resetting, the gage will display CLr? along with the Mem flag,
followed by dONE and then will return to displaying rSt 2. To
return to the Measure mode press [MEAS]. To access other functions
press the [
] or [
] slewing keys.
5.6
RS232 OPTIONS
5.6.1
OUTPUT CONFIGURATION
Page 5-12
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
5.6.2
910-192B
OUTPUT PARAMETERS
The RS232 port is half duplex (transmit only) and its communication
parameters contain the following options:
5.6.3
BAUD:
WORD LENGTH:
8 (fixed)
STOP BITS
1 (fixed)
PARITY
N [none] (fixed)
F-2
MODEL 26XTDL
Page 5-13
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6 SPECIFICATIONS
THICKNESS
MEASUREMENT
RANGE:
THICKNESS DISPLAY
Standard
RESOLUTION:
Millimeters: .01mm
Inches:
.001
MEASUREMENT
RATE:
Low
.1mm
.01
DISPLAY:
MODEL 26XTDL
Page 6-1
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July 2001
DISPLAY UNITS,
SYMBOLS & FLAGS:
IN or MM (Thickness)
IN/uS or MM/uS (Velocity)
Low Battery Indicator
Keyboard Lock
LOS Flag (Loss of Signal or
Coupling)
CAL Flag (Calibration Mode)
ZERO Flag (Zero Calibration
Mode)
VEL Flag (Velocity Calibration
Mode)
MEAS Flag (Measure Mode)
2nd F Flag (Second Function)
Alarm Flag (High-Low Alarm
Mode)
Gain Flag (Adjusted Gain)
Fast/Min Flag (Fast Mode 20
Meas/Sec and Fast with Minimum
Hold Mode)
Diff Flag (Differential Mode)
Mem Flag (Memory Mode)
RECEIVER
BANDWIDTH:
1 - 15MHz (-3dB)
MEASUREMENT
MODE:
Page 6-2
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
910-192B
METRIC / ENGLISH
MODES:
POWER
REQUIREMENTS:
BATTERY:
BATTERY LIFE:
OPERATING TEMP.
RANGE
(ELECTRONICS):
-10 C to +50 C
SIZE:
WEIGHT:
TRANSDUCERS:
DATA LOGGER
STORAGE CAPACITY: 8000 Thickness Measurements
MODEL 26XTDL
Page 6-3
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July 2001
INFORMATION
STORED:
1 - 15 Files
IDENTIFICATION
NUMBERS:
OUTPUT FORMATS:
Page 6-4
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
FEATURES:
910-192B
COMMUNICATION
BAUD RATE
PROTOCOL:
SIGNALS:
SOFTWARE FLOW
CONTROL:
MODEL 26XTDL
Page 6-5
July 2001
910-192B
THEORY OF OPERATION
( t )V
X = ---------2
The microprocessor performs the arithmetic described above to
produce the thickness value. This value along with various gage
status indicators is sent to the LCD display.
The microprocessor also directs the Receiver/Detector to identify the
transducer type using the I.D. pin of the transducer. Calibration
values and gage setups are saved in non-volatile RAM (Random
Access Memory). The keyboard informs the microprocessor of user
entered changes of mode, values, etc.
MODEL 26XTDL
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July 2001
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APPLICATION NOTES
8.1
FACTORS AFFECTING
PERFORMANCE AND ACCURACY
a.
Surface Condition
b.
Transducer Positioning/Alignment
MODEL 26XTDL
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July 2001
c.
Calibration
Page 8-2
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
d.
910-192B
Taper or Eccentricity
If the contact surface and the back surface are tapered or eccentric
with respect to each other, the return echo again becomes distorted
and the accuracy of measurement is diminished.
e.
Sound Scattering
Velocity Variations
MODEL 26XTDL
Page 8-3
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3.
July 2001
Sound Attenuation
8.2
TRANSDUCER SELECTION
Page 8-4
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
910-192B
Transducer Selection
XDCR
Part No.
Freq.
(MHz)
Tip
Diameter
Potted Cable
Connector
Style
D790
5.0
.434"
11.0mm
Straight
Potted
D790S
M
5.0
.434"
11.0mm
D791
5.0
.434"
11.0mm
D791RM
5.0
.434"
11.0mm
D792
10
.283"
7.2mm
Straight
Potted
+32 to
+122F
0 to +50C
0.020 in
0.5mm
D793
10
.283"
7.2mm
Rt. Angle
Potted
+32 to
+122F
0 to +50C
0.020 in
0.5mm
D794
5.0
.283"
7.2mm
Straight
Potted
+32 to
+122F
0 to +50C
0.030 in
0.75mm
MODEL 26XTDL
Temp.
Range
Min.
Xness
-5 to +932F 0.040 in
1.0mm
-20 to
+500C
Straight
-5 to +932F 0.040 in
1.0mm
Replaceable
-20 to
+500C
Rt. Angle
Potted
-5 to +932F 0.040 in
1.0mm
-20 to
+500C
Rt Angle
-5 to +932F 0.040 in
1.0mm
Replaceable
-20 to
+500C
Page 8-5
910-192B
July 2001
Transducer Selection(cont)
XDCR
Part No.
Freq.
(MHz)
Tip
Diameter
Potted Cable
Connector
Style
D795
5.0
.283"
7.2mm
Rt. Angle
Potted
D797
5.0
.900"
22.9mm
Rt. Angle
Potted
-5 to +752F 0.100 in
2.5mm
-20 to
+400C
D798
7.5
.290"
7.4mm
Straight
Rt. Angle
-5 to +300F 0.028 in
0.7mm
-20 to
+150C
D799
5.0
.434"
11.0mm
Rt. Angle
Potted
-5 to +300F 0.040 in
1.0mm
-20 to
+150C
MTD
705
5.0
.200"
5.1mm
Rt. Angle
Replaceable
Temp.
Range
Min.
Xness
+32 to
+122F
0 to +50C
0.030 in
0.75mm
+32 to
+122F
0 to 50C
.040"
1.00mm
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
8.3
910-192B
HIGH TEMPERATURE
MEASUREMENTS
a.
b.
Couplant Selection
Couplant
Type
Maximum
Recommended
Temperature
Propylene Glycol
300F/150C
Glycerine
200F/90C
Gel
200F/90C
High Temperature
1000F/540C
Medium Temperature
500F/260C
MODEL 26XTDL
Page 8-7
910-192B
July 2001
c.
d.
e.
Using the Fast mode with the Freeze function may help in
obtaining measurements as quickly as possible. Refer to
Section 4.10 of this manual for details.
f.
g.
Page 8-8
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
h.
910-192B
Often, performance on hot, corroded materials will be
considerably improved by the use of the Gain Adjust
procedure described in Section 4.11 or the Material
Sensitivity Optimization procedure described in Section
4.12. High temperature couplants are generally less
efficient than those used at lower temperatures, so the
Model 26XTDL will work better when sensitivity is
adjusted or optimized to accomodate high temperature
conditions.
MODEL 26XTDL
Page 8-9
July 2001
9.1
910-192B
MAINTENANCE &
TROUBLESHOOTING
ROUTINE CARE AND
MAINTENANCE
9.2
TRANSDUCERS
MODEL 26XTDL
Page 9-1
910-192B
July 2001
Do not twist or pull the cable at the point where it connects to the
transducer. These precautions are particularly important for all
transducers other than the models which have field-replaceable
cables. Other transducers must be returned to Panametrics for repair.
Transducer performance will be degraded by excessive wear at the tip.
To minimize wear, do not scrape or drag the transducer across rough
surfaces. When a transducer tip becomes too rough, concave, or
otherwise non-flat, operation may become erratic or impossible.
Although some wear is normal in corrosion gaging applications,
severe wear will limit transducer life. A transducer resurfacing
procedure can be performed to improve performance of worn
transducers. Contact Panametrics for details.
9.3
ERROR MESSAGES
9.4
The battery symbol will flash when there are only a few hours of
battery operating time remaining. If the gage turns off immediately
after turn-on, or if it does not turn on at all, then the battery is probably
completely discharged. The battery should be replaced. If, after
replacing the battery, the unit will still not turn on, there has probably
been a component failure within the gage and it should be serviced.
SETUP ( "do--") PROBLEMS
Page 9-2
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
910-192B
If the message "do--" will not go away when the [ZERO] key is
pressed, make sure a Panametrics transducer is plugged in (see
Section 3.2). If so, the transducer may be defective -- try another one
if possible, or try a different cable if it is one of the types that uses
replaceable cables. If no transducers will permit the "do--" message to
be removed, there is probably a problem in the Pulser/Receiver
assembly of the gage.
9.5
MEASUREMENT PROBLEMS
Step 2:
Step 3:
Step 4:
MODEL 26XTDL
Page 9-3
910-192B
July 2001
Step 5:
Step 6:
9.6
REPAIR SERVICE
9.7
Page 9-4
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
910-192B
APPENDIX I
SOUND VELOCITIES
The following is a tabulation of the ultrasonic velocity in a variety of
common materials. It is provided only as a guide. The actual velocity
in these materials may vary significantly due to a variety of causes,
such as, composition, preferred crystallographic orientation, porosity,
and temperature. Therefore, for maximum accuracy, establish the
sound velocity in a given material by first testing a sample of the
material.
Table I - 1
Sound Velocities of Various Materials
(Longitudinal Wave Velocity)
MATERIAL
V(in./msec)
V(mm/msec)
REF
0.4013
10.19
Aluminum, rolled
0.253
6.420
Aluminum,6061T6
0.251
6.383
Beryllium
0.5073
12.89
0.1850
4.700
0.1726
4.385
Copper, rolled
0.1972
5.010
MODEL 26XTDL
Page I-1
910-192B
July 2001
Table I - 1 (cont.)
Sound Velocities of Various Materials
(Longitudinal Wave Velocity)
MATERIAL
V(in./msec)
V(mm/msec)
REF
Duraluminum, 17S
0.2487
6.320
Fused Silica
0.2349
5.968
Fused Silica
0.2335
5.932
Glass, crown
0.2008
5.100
Glass, flint
0.1567
3.980
Glass, pyrex
0.2220
5.640
Iron, Armco
0.2345
5.960
Lead, rolled
0.0771
1.960
Lucite
0.1055
2.680
Magnesium, drawn
annealed
0.2270
5.770
Molybdenum
0.247
6.25
Monel
0.2105
5.350
Nickel
0.2377
6.040
Nylon
0.1031
2.735
Polyethylene
0.0705
1.950
Polystyrene
0.0925
2.350
Page I-2
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
910-192B
Table I - 1 (cont.)
Sound Velocities of Various Materials
(Longitudinal Wave Velocity)
MATERIAL
V(in./msec)
V(mm/msec)
REF
0.0373
0.948
0.2259
5.734
Steel, mild
0.2346
5.960
Steel, 1% C
0.2339
5.940
Steel, 1% C hardened
0.2305
5.854
0.2278
5.790
Titanium
0.237
5.99
Tungsten, drawn
0.2129
5.410
Uranium
0.133
3.37
Water
0.0590
1.498
Zinc, rolled
0.1657
4.210
Zinc, extruded
0.1756
4.460
References
1. W.P. Mason, Physical Acoustics and the Properties of Solids, D.
Van Nostrand Co., New York, 1958.
2. E.P. Papadakis, Panametrics - unpublished notes, 1972.
3. J.R. Fredericks, Ultrasonic Engineering, John Wiley & Sons,
Inc., New York, 1965.
MODEL 26XTDL
Page I-3
910-192B
July 2001
Page I-4
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
910-192B
APPENDIX II
SERIAL INTERFACE - DETAILED
DESCRIPTION
MECHANICAL DESCRIPTION
The Input-Output (I/O) connector is located on the left of the top of
the Model 26XTDL case. It is a four position circular LEMO style
receptacle. the mating connector should be inserted with the red dot
downward and pushed straight in until it snaps into place. It should be
withdrawn by pulling the collet to release the latch and pulling straight
out.
Panametrics provides complete cables to directly connect the
26XTDL to devices with the IBM PC-AT 9 male pin serial I/O
connector. The information in the following table will allow
verification of compatibility with particular equipment and will aid in
constructing a custom cable if necessary.
MODEL 26XTDL
Page II-1
910-192B
July 2001
Table II - 1
Model 26XTDL
Connector
(LEMO)
Wire
Name
Signal
Name
External Device
Connector
(9 Pin
Female "D")
White
Data to Gage
Black
Red
DSR to Gage
Green
Ground
Page II-2
MODEL 26XTDL
July 2001
910-192B
MODEL 26XTDL
Page II-3
July 2001
910-192B
APPENDIX III
DATA OUTPUT FORMAT
There are two data formats that the 26XTDL is capable of sending.
FILE: 0005
ID # THICKNESS
UNITS
FLAGS
SU #
0001
0.476
IN
M--04
0002
0.476
IN
ML-05
0003
0.476
IN
M--G
06
0004
--.--IN
L-mG
06
0005
-0.015
IN
MDmG
07
0006
-0.37
MM
MD-G
08
0007
0.477
IN
M--09
0008
--.--IN
L--09
0009
0.476
IN
M--09
0010
--.--IN
L--01
OK
SU# VEL(/uS) DIFF LO-ALM HI-ALM UNITS TRANSDUCER GAIN
01 0.2322 0.000 0.000 19.999 IN
D798
1
04 0.2152 0.432 0.519
0.574 IN
D790/791 1
05 0.2152 0.432 0.480
0.574 IN
D790/791 1
06 0.2152 0.432 0.480
0.574 IN
D790/791 2
07 0.2152 0.490 0.480
0.574 IN
D790/791 2
08 5.466
12.45 12.19
14.58 MM
D790/791 0
09 0.2152 0.490 0.480
0.574 IN
D790/791 1
MODEL 26XTDL
Page III-1
910-192B
July 2001
F-2: In this format, only the ID# and the thickness value are
transmitted by Range or File send. A single line of thickness
data without the identifier is transmitted by single send.
FILE: 0005
ID # THICKNESS
0001
0.476
0002
0.476
0003
0.476
0004
--.--0005
-0.015
0006
-0.37
0007
0.477
0008
--.--0009
0.476
0010
--.--OK
Page III-2
UNITS
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
MM
IN
IN
IN
IN
FLAGS
SU #
MODEL 26XTDL