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Advanced Wastewater Treatment and

Disposal Systems

Water and Wastewater Utility Operation and


Management for Tribes

Treatment System

Preliminary Treatment
Primary Treatment
Secondary Treatment
Tertiary Treatment
Disinfection
Sludge Removal

Preliminary Treatment
Screening
Remove Large Solids
Parallel Bars Placed in
Channel
Course Screen (2-4
Inch Range)
g )
Fine Screen (0.75-2.0
Inch Range)
Manual or Mechanical

copyright 2008 2009 www.infobarscreens.com

Preliminary Treatment
Gravity/Velocity
Removal
Cyclone Degritter

Preliminary Treatment
Inspect Periodically to
Ensure Screen is Free
of Obstructions
Replace Hydraulic Fluid
if Necessary
Oil Change/Checks
Should Be Done on an
Annual Basis
Dispose
Di
off S
Screenings
i
at an Approved
Location

Primary Treatment

City of Hagerstown, Utilities Department

FOG Management
Manage Fats, Oils,
and Grease at the
Source

Grease Interceptors:

Source: http://www.oracwa.org

Commercial and Industrial Facilities


Management
g
p
plan in p
place for frequent
q
p
pumping
p g
based on loading
Tank pumping by grease hauler or septic tank
pumper
Recordkeeping

Rotating Biological C

Name two recommended maintenance


procedures that should be performed after
3 months of startup
p of an RBC system.
y

SBR

http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/pubs/625r00008/html/tfs3.htm

SBR

http://www.cee-environmental.com

SBR
Basic Maintenance Needs
Check air distribution
Adjust cycle times to meet treatment goals
Follow manufacturer
manufacturers
s recommendations

Activated Sludge

Activated Sludge
Bl
Blower
with
i h Ai
Air Pi
Piping
i

Activated Sludge
Daily Operation Checks:
Tank Appearance
Equipment Operation and Lubrication
Return Sludge Line
Hose Down Accumulated Sludge From
Hoppers and Clarifier Tanks
Brush Weirs to Remove Algae and
Captured Materials
Skim Off Grease and Other Floating
Material

Activated Sludge
Wasting Sludge:
Required to Maintain a High Degree of
Effluent Quality
Rule of Thumb - Waste 5% of Solids Each
Week During Summer To Prevent
Excessive Solids Burping
Measuring MLSS in Aeration Tank
q p
>Laboratoryy Equipment
>Jar Test

What is white fluffy foam in the aeration


chamber a sign of?

Copyright 2003. Environmental Leverage Inc.

What is brown leathery foam in the aeration


chamber a sign of?

Copyright 2003. Environmental Leverage Inc.

Oxidation Ditch

Oxidation Ditches
Control Methods Similar to Activated
Sludge Process:

Food Supply
Dissolved Oxygen Levels (DO)
Dit h E
Ditch
Environment
i
t
Ditch Detention Time
Proper Water/Solids Separation

Copyright Jewett City WWTP, CT

Copyright Williams Industrial Services Ltd

Oxidation Ditches
Food Supply for Microorganisms:
Measured as Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)
No Toxicants
Proper Pretreatment Facility Inspection

Oxidation Ditches
DO Levels:
Rotors Supply Oxygen to Waste Flow
Maintain DO Concentration of 0.5 To 2.0 Mg/L
Upstream of Rotors
Over Oxygenation can Cause Floc to Form
Control of Rotor Oxygenation by Adjusting Outlet
Control Weir

Copyright 2010 Spaans Babcock

Copyright 2004 by City of Princeton

Membrane Bioreactors

Reactor Basin
Permeate Pumps
Reactor Basin

Infrastructure Alternatives Inc.2007

P
Permeate
t Pumps
P

Infrastructure Alternatives Inc.2007

Membrane Bioreactors

Monitor Trans Membrane Pressure (TMP)


Clean Membranes with Sodium Hypochlorite
Solution (0.5%)
Cleaning Typically 2-4 Hours
Once Every 6 Months

Train1
To Anerobic Tank

Train2
To Anerobic Tank

Influent

Anoxic Tank,, Mixing


g&
Carbon Addition

Kaiser
Blowers

Aeration

Membrane

RAS

Permeate Pumps
(Under Vacuum)

Effluent to UV

RAS

Sludge Wasting

Chlorine Disinfection

All Rights Reserved by Conrad Strehlau

UV Disinfection

2011 Copyright Calgon Carbon Corporation

UV Disinfection

2011 Copyright Calgon Carbon Corporation

Treated Effluent Disposal


Return Treated Effluent to Environment
Receiving Waters
Reclaimed Water Use
Land Disposal

Treated Effluent Disposal

Treated Effluent Disposal


Caution needed to prevent heavy
equipment above facilities not designed to
take the weight

Treated Effluent Disposal


Regular removal of vegetation in open soil
beds required
Be careful not to compact soils

Treated Effluent Disposal

Sludge Disposal
Major Problem facing Operators
Solids Removal Originates from:

Bar Racks
Sc ee s
Screens
Grit Removal
Aerobic Processes
Anaerobic Processes

Sludge Disposal
Disposal Options:

Dewatering
Direct Burial
Incineration
Composting
Land Application

Sludge Disposal
Removing Wasted
Sludge:

Pumper Truck Removal


Aerobic Digester
Portable Pumping Unit
Drying Beds

Copyright 2009 Color Bold

Copyright 2010 ITT Water & Wastewater

Copyright ECO Friendly Shelters

What Have We Learned?


Components of Wastewater Treatment
Facilities
Typical Treatment Systems Used in Larger
F iliti
Facilities
Common O&M Issues

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