Lewis - Structural Questionaire With Answers

STRUCTURAL
DESIGN
REVIEWER
P H I L I P J O N E C H AV E Z - L E W I S
MODULE A
SECTION A - 01
1. Walls that support weight from above as well as their own dead weight.
A . Load Bearing Walls
C . Shoring Walls
B . Curtain Walls
D . None of The Above
2. It refers to the occupancy load which is either partially or fully in place or may not be present at all.
A . Live Load
C . Concentrated Load
B . Dead Load
D . Distributed Load
3. The distance between inflection point in the column when it breaks.

A . Development Length
C . Effective Length
B . Cross Sectional Area
4. The amount of space measured in cubic units.

A . None of The Above
C . Volume
B . Perimeter
D . Area
5. In the formula e=PL/AE, E stands for...??

A . Total Deformation
C . Equal Force
B . Elongation
D . Modulus of Elasticity
6. A bent rod to resist shear and diagonal stresses in a concrete beam is...??
A . Bottom Bar
C . Metal Plate
B . Stirrups
D . Temperature Bar
7. The ratio of unit-stress to unit-strain.

A . Ratio and Proportion
C . Modulus of Elasticity
B . Moment of Inertia
D . Slenderness Ratio
Structural Design
8. An expansion joint between adjacent parts of a structure which permits movement between them.
A . Contraction Joint
C . Construction Joint
B . Truss Joint
D . Conduction Joint
9. To find the volume of water in a cylindrical tank, multiply the area of its base by the...?
A . Diameter
C . Height
B . Radius
D . None of the Above
10. The most important component to determine the strength of a concrete mix
A . Cement
C . Gravel
B . Sand
D . Lime
11. The greatest stretching stress that a structural member can bear without breaking or cracking.
A . Tension Limit
C . None of These
B . Tensile Strength
D . Elastic Limit
12. The ultimate strength of the material divided by the allowable working load.
A . Maximum Strength
C . Safety Factor
B . Strength Limit
D . Bending Stress
13. The stress per square unit area of the original cross section of a material which resists elongation.
A . Allowable Stress
C . Flexural Stress
B . Tensile Stress
D . Bending Stress
14. A beam that projects beyond one or both of its supports.

A . Overhanging Beam
C . Intermediate Beam
B . Continuous Beam
D . Cantilevered Beam
Structural Design
15. The force adhesion per unit area of contact between two bent surfaces
A . Axial Stress
C . Allowable Stress
B . Bond Stress
D . Flexural Stress
16. These are composed of straight members connected at their ends by hinge connections to form a
series of triangles and a stable configuration.
A . Bending Structures
C . Trusses
B . Structural Elements
17. What wind zone is classified that of having a wind velocity of 250 kph
A . Zone 1
C . Zone 3
B . Zone 2
D . Zone 4
18. These are both flexural members and structural elements that mainly develop bending stress under
the action of external loads.
A . Short Columns
C . Truss Members
B . Beams
D . Pedestals
19. An occupancy category supporting toxic and explosive substances and/or chemicals.
A . Essential Facilities
C . Hazardous Facilities
B . Hazardous Occupancies
D . Storage and Hazardous
20. A registered and licensed engineer that conducts solid exploration, investigation and analysis.
A . Geodetic Engineer
C . Slope Engineer
B . Geo-technical Engineer
D . Materials Engineer
21. A large beam(also called a primary beam) that supports a smaller beam.
A . Girt
C . Joist
B . Girder
D . Lintel
Structural Design
22. The weight of a structure and any permanent load that is fixed.
A . Dead Load
C . Impact Load
B . Live Load
D . Seismic Load
23. Steel elements such as wires, cables, bars, rods or strands of wires or a bundle of such elements that
are used in prestressed concrete structures.
A . Deformed Bars
C . Tendons
B . Reinforcing Bars
D . Wire Mesh
24. Which of the following does not resist bending?

A . Moment of Inertia
C . Length
B . Bending Strength
D . Effective Depth
25. Which is an advantage of steel over concrete?

A . Elasticity
C . Creep
B . Brittleness
D . Fatigue
26. A type of stress developed that tends to elongate the structure.

A . Axial Stress
C . Shear Stress
B . Tensile Stress
D . Flexural Stress
27. An artificial stone derived from a mixture of properly proportioned amount of hydraulic cement,
fine and coarse aggregates, with or without admixtures.
A . Concrete
C . Pavements
B . Boulders
D . Admixtures
28. A structural system without a complete load-carrying space frame.

A . Braced Frame
C . Building Frame System
B . Bearing Wall System
D . Boundary Elements
Structural Design
29. Structural Elements that are subjected to transverse loads.

A . Columns
C . Pilasters
B . Piers
D . Beams
30. Also known as the buckling of a column.

A . Crack
C . Bending
B . Honeycomb
D . Crippling
31. Defined as the force per unit area.

A . Load
C . Stress
B . Strain
D . Fatigue
32. A structure that is usually enclosed by walls and a roof, constructed to provide support or shelter for
an intended use or occupancy.
A . Buildings
C . Marquee
B . Frames
D . All of The Above
33. A word that best describes water that is eligible to produce concrete.
A . Tasteless
C . Potable
B . Colorless
34. The code that provided minimum load requirements for the design of buildings and other vertical
structures as well as minimum standards and guidelines to safeguard lives and properties.
A . AISC Volume I
C . NSCP Volume I
B . ASTM Zone II
D . NSCP Volume II
35. Substances added in small quantities to fresh concrete in order to alter its properties which can result
into the improvement of workability, accelerate its set, delay of hardening, coloring agents, etc.
A . Water
C . Accelerator
B . Admixtures
D . Aggregates
Structural Design
36. The computation of this load depends on factors such as wind velocity, velocity pressure, height of
the building above ground, importance factor, etc.
A . Wind Load
C . Impact Load
B . Live Load
D . Seismic Load
37. McCormack specifies that the compressive strength of concrete ranges from 2,500 psi to 9,000 psi in
English Unit. This range is the equivalent in (S.I) unit from 12.24 MPa to _____
A . 38.20 MPa
C . 62.05 MPa
B . 45.00 MPa
D . 50.50 MPa
38. Structural elements that are considered to be compressive members.

A . Columns
C . Beams
B . Slabs
D . Trusses
39. This states that stress is proportional to strain.

A . Hookes Law
C . Newtons Third Law
B . Youngs Modulus
D . Pascals Law
40. Who is the registered civil engineer responsible for signing and sealing structural works?
C . Geotechnic Engineer
B . Structural Engineer
41. Public school buildings, hospitals and evacuation centers are examples o what type of occupancy?
C . Special Facilities
B . Essential Occupancies
D . Hazardous Occupancies
42. This refers to movable and transferable loads.

A . Live Load
C . Transferable Load
B . Dead Load
D . Wind Load
Structural Design
43. Steels bars that are also called shear reinforcements or web reinforcements. These bars resist vertical
and diagonal Tensions in a beam.
A . Deformed Bars
C . Stirrups or Hoops
B . Reinforcing Bars
D . Tendons
44. Another term for bending stress.

A . Circumferential Stress
C . Flexural Stress
B . Youngs Stress
D . Longitudinal Stress
45. An advantage of steel over concrete.

A . Elasticity
C . Corrosion
B . Creep
46. A type of stress developed that tends to split the structure.

A . Axial Stress
C . Lateral Stress
B . Tensile Stress
D . Shear Stress
47. One times ten raised to the ninth power newton per square meter is the same as
A . 1 MPa
C . 1 ksi
B . 1 GPa
D . 1 N/M^2
48. A wall constructed in order to prevent landslide and/or for slope protection.
A . Retaining Wall
C . Load Bearing Wall
B . Shear Wall
D . Fire Wall
49. The minimum average size of coarse aggregates allowed for use in a concrete building structural
member.
A . 12 mm
C . 25 mm
B . 24 mm
D . 26mm
Structural Design
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50. The slope of the straight line within the stress-strain diagram. This is also known as E or the
modulus of elasticity.
A . Hookes Modulus
C . Newtons Modulus
B . Poissons Modulus
D . Youngs Modulus
51. Defined as the deformation per unit length.

A . Stress
C . Strain
B . Fatigue
D . Creep
52. What is another term for admixtures. Admixtures are substances that are added in small quantities
to fresh concrete in order to alter its properties.
A . Additives
C . Cement
B . Accelerator
D . All of The Above
53. A reinforced concrete slab that is supported on both sides.

A . One-Way Slab
C . Ground Slab
B . Two-Way Slab
D . Flat Slab
54. This code provides minimum standards and guidelines for roads, bridges, and other horizontal
structures.
A . NSCP Volume I
C . NSCP Volume III
B . NSCP Volume II
D . NSCP Volume IIII
55. Also knows as when two or more materials are combined together to act as a unit.
A . Combined
C . Composite
B . Dual
D . Built-Up
56. A factor that accounts for the degree of hazard to human life and damage to property and is
designated by lW
A . Importance Safety Factor for Water
C . Importance Safety Factor for Weight of Beams
B . Importance Safety Factor for Wind
D . Importance Safety Factor for Columns
Structural Design
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57. A granular material such as sand, gravel, crushed stone and iron blast furnace slag, and when used
with a cementing medium it forms a hydraulic cement concrete or mortar.
A . Aggregates
C . Boulders
B . Accelerators
D . Tendons
58. These are composed of straight members connected at their ends by hinge connections to form a
series of triangles and a stable configuration.
A . Bending Structures
C . Trusses
B . Structural Elements
59. A type of prestressing in which tendons are tensioned before concrete is placed.
A . Pretensioning
C . Prestressed Concrete
B . Precast Concrete
D . Post Tensioning
60. A type of concrete floor which has no supporting beams.

A . Flat Slab
C . Deck
B . Ribbed Slab
D . Balcony
61. The failure of a base when a heavily loaded column strikes a hole through it.
A . Punching Failure
C . Fracture
B . Fatigue
62. The force adhesion per unit area of contact between two bonded surfaces.
A . Adhesion Stress
C . Working Stress
B . Shear Stress
D . Bond Stress
63. The temporary force exerted by a device that introduces tension into prestressing tendons.
A . Impact Load
C . Tensile Force
B . Jacking Force
D . Prestressing Force
Structural Design
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64. Another term for rapid hardening cement.

A . Early Curing
C . Rapid Setting
B . Early Settling
D . Early Setting
65. The gradual downward movement of an engineered structure due to compression of the soil below
the foundation.
A . Settlement
C . Settingment
B . Liquefaction
D . Compaction
65. Failure due to repeated pounding associated with high temperature.

A . Creep
C . Strain
B . Fatigue
D . Deflection
66. An additive used to delay the hardening of fresh concrete.

A . Accelerator
C . Slower
B . Retarder
D . Deccelerator
67. Another term or description for aggregates.

A . Admixtures
C . Inert Materials
B . Accelerators
D . Hardener
68. The modulus of elasticity of structural steel.

A . 150 GPa
C . 150 pcf
B . 200 GPa
D . 7850 kg/m3
69. The ability of top soil to allow water to flow through it.
A . Permeability
C . Porosity
B . Malleability
D . Seepage
Structural Design
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70. Concrete cover for reinforced concrete structures permanently in contact with the ground.
A . 20 mm
C . 75 mm
B . 40 mm - 50 mm
D . 85 mm
71. The minimum bend diameter for 10 mm to 25 mm diameter rebars according to NSCP volume II.
A . 6 db
C . 10 db
B . 8 db
D . 12 db
72. The law that stipulates that anything that comes up must and will eventually go down.
A . Law of Gravity
C . Pascals Law
B . Law of The Land
D . Hookes Law
73. The minimum diameter of for reinforcing steel bars to be used for structural members such as beams
and columns.
A . 16 mm
C . 32 mm
B . 12 mm
D . 8 mm
74. The capacity reduction factor for concrete structures subjected to shear and torsion.
A . 0.90
C . 0.80
B . 0.85
D . 0.95
75. What happens to the strength of the concrete as the water-cement ratio increases.
A . Decreases
C . Remains Constant
B . Increases
76. Granular materials that occupy more that 75% of the concrete volume.
A . Water
C . Sand
B . Cement
D . Aggregates
Structural Design
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77. Addition or retention of water to the poured concrete mix.

A . Creep
C . Settlement
B . Curing
D . Hydration
78. The softening of soil due to excessive load.

A . Liquefaction
C . Compaction
B . Settlement
D . Creep
79. Stress developed when an applied force twists or tends to twist the material.
A . Tensional stress
C . Torsional Stress
B . Twisting Stress
D . Flexural Stress
80. The weight of steel per cubic meter.

A . 1500 kg/m3
C . 2400 kpa
B . 77,000 N
D . 5480 kg/m3
81. A wall designed to resist the lateral forces parallel to the plane of the wall.
A . Load Bearing Wall
C . Shear Wall
B . Retaining Wall
D . Curtain Wall
82. A storey in which the storey strength is less than 80% of the strength of the storey above.
A . Weak Storey
C . Stress Storey
B . Soft Storey
D . Shear Storey
83. Deformed bars should not be bundled should it exceed this size.
A . 32 mm
C . 38 mm
B . 36 mm
D . 28 mm
Structural Design
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84. Prismatic members that are subjected to axial tension caused by forces acting through the centroid
axis.
A . Tendons
C . Trusses
B . Torsions
D . Tension Members
85. The NSCP/AISC specifications for steel tension and compression members on extreme fibers of the
rolled shapes laterally.
A . 0.60 Fy
C . 0.75 Fy
B . 0.55 Fy
D . 0.90 Fy
86. The NSCP/AISC specifications for steel tension and compression members on extreme fibers of solid
round and square base,solid sections and I or H Shapes bent on their weak and minor axis respectively.
A . 0.60 Fy
C . 0.75 Fy
B . 0.55 Fy
D . 0.90 Fy
87. Structures in which the reactive elements or reaction components can be determined using the 3
equations of static equilibrium.
A . Statically Determinate
C . Structurally Determinate
B . Statically Indeterminate
D . Torsionally Indeterminate
88. Structures in which the reactive elements or reaction components can not be determined using the 3
equations of static equilibrium.
A . Statically Determinate
C . Structurally Determinate
B . Statically Indeterminate
D . Torsionally Indeterminate
89. The secondary effect in shears and especially moments of frame members induced by vertical loads
acting on a laterally displaced building frame.
A . P-Delta Effect
C . Irregularity Effect
B . Orthogonal Effect
D . Vertical Effect
90. Hospitals, communication centers, and others, which are necessary for emergency post-earthquake
operations.
C . Special Facilities
B . Essential Occupancies
D . Special Occupancies
Structural Design
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91. A horizontal or nearly horizontal system acting to transmit lateral forces to the vertical resisting
system including the horizontal bracing system.
A . Diaphragm
C . Bracing System
D . Geodesic System
92. Essentially a vertical truss system provided to resist lateral forces of a building.
A . Shear Wall System
C . Diagrid System
B . Skeletal Frame
D . Braced Frame
93. Admixture that reduces the requirement of mixing water in order to produce a flowing concrete that
does not segregate and requires very little vibration. Usually used in high-rise construction.
A . Retarder
C . Plasticizer
B . Mixer
D . Accelerator
94. The duration in which the record of test material and of concrete must be preserved after the
completion of the project should be kept.
A . 24 Months
C . 22 Months
B . 26 Months
D . 20 Months
95. The weight of one (1) cubic meter of steel.

A . 2400 KN
C . 7850 KN
B . 2400 Kg
D . 7850 Kg
96. A type of gunite mixed with an accelerating admixture with aggregate larger that 10 mm originally
sprayed under high air pressure of lining tunnels.
A . Shotcrete
C . Early Setting Gunite
B . Pneumatic Gunite
D . Rapid Accelerating Gunite
97. The term used to describe a structure if it is judged under the condition to be no longer useful and
unsafe for its intended function.
A . Proportional Limit
C . Limit State
B . Elastic Limit
D . Rupture State
Structural Design
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END OF SECTION A -01
T O TA L N U M B E R O F I T E M S
= 98
T O TA L S C O R E
P E R C E N TA G E
SECTION A - 02
98. A phenomenon of failure or damage that may result in a sudden and brittle fracture of a ductile
material due to reversals of stresses applied to a body repeatedly.
A . Torsional Rupture
C . Limit State
B . Metal Fatigue
D . Inelastic Failure
99. The load at which a perfectly straight member under compression assumes a deflected position.
A . Deflecting Load
C . Bending Load
B . Buckling Load
D . Creeping Load
100. A point within the structure at which a member can rotate slightly to eliminate bending moment in
the member at that point.
A . Contra-flexure
C . Hinge
B . Roller
D . Support
101. A beam type supported by a hinger/roller at one end and the other end is projecting beyond a fixed
support.
A . Semi-Continuous Beam
C . Fixed Beam
B . Simply Supported Beam
102. Floors in office buildings and in other buildings where partition locations are subject to change shall
be designed to support in addition to all other loads, a uniformly distributed load equal to...?
A . 1,000 Pa
C . 1,200 Pa
B . 1,240 Pa
D . 1,480 Pa
103. The upward pressure against the bottom of the basement floor of a structure or road slab caused
by the presence of water.
A . Hydraulic Pressure
C . Hydrodynamic Pressure
B . Liquefaction Pressure
D . Uplift Pressure
104. A pin-connected tension member of uniform thickness with a forged loop or head of greater width
than the body which is proportioned to provide approx. Equal strength in both the head and the body.
A . Eyebar
C . Rocker
B . Bolt
D . Anchor
Structural Design
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105. A revetment consisting of various sizes of rough stones placed compactly to protect the banks or
bed of a river from the eroding effects of the flowing water.
A . Sheet Pile
C . Form Slip
B . Cofferdam
D . Riprap
106. A three dimensional spatial structure made up of one or more curved slabs or folded platehose
thickness are small compared to their other dimensions.
A . Diagrid Structure
C . Geodesic Dome
B . Thin Shell
D . Coffered Structure
107. Refers to the moment of a piece or a pair of diagonal braces to resist wind or other horizontal
forces on a building.
A . Buckling Moment
C . Carry Over Moment
B . Overturning Moment
108. Refers to a piece or a pair of diagonal braces to resist wind or other horizontal forces on a building.
A . Sway Brace
C . Chevron Brace
B . Knee Brace
D . Eyebar
109. Designed as a special foundation for intense column loads on a platform consisting usually of two
layers of rolled steel joists, one on top of the other, at right angles.
A . Mat Foundation
C . Grillage Foundation
B . Floating Foundation
D . Raft Foundation
110. Refers to any artificial method of strengthening the soil to reduce its shrinkage and ensure that
solid will not move. Common methods are mixing the solid with cement or compaction.
A . Soil Foundation
C . Soil Stabilization
B . Soil Anti Settlement
D . Soil Evaluation
111. A pit that is dug in the basement floor during excavation made to collect water in which a pump is
placed in order to pump the liquid to the sewer pipe.
A . Sump
C . Caisson
B . Pile
D . Retaining Pit
Structural Design
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112. A long, straight beam which by the inspection if two hinges in alternate spans, then it functions
essentially as a cantilever beam.
A . Strap Beam
C . Tie Beam
B . Grade Beam
D . Gerber Beam
113. An instrument which measures the actual displacement of the ground with respect to a stationary
point during an earthquake.
A . Deflectometer
C . Accelerograph
B . Seismograph
D . Seismometer
114. The behavior of sandy soil to weaken its capacity to carry imposed loads when subjected to
vibration such as earthquakes; particularly when the water table saturates this layer.
A . Liquefaction
C . Settlement
B . Compaction
D . Liquidity
115. A beam especially provided over an opening door or window to carry the wall over its opening.
A . Transom Beam
C . Opening Beam
B . Spandrel Beam
D . Lintel Beam
116. The steepest angle of descent or dip relative to the horizontal plane to which a material can be piled
without slumping. At this angle, the material on the slope face is on the verge of sliding.
A . Angle of Inclination
C . Angle of Repose
B . Angle of Slipping
D . Angle of Cohesion
117. A special plate girder consisting of tees, plates, angles and multiples webs.
A . Box Girder
C . T-Flange Girder
B . Hybrid Girder
D . Bridging
118. A hollow beam that is usually rectangular in section. If made out of steel, the sides are steel plates
welded together, or they may be riveted together by steel angles at the corners.
A . Box Girder
C . T-Flange Girder
B . Hybrid Girder
D . Bridging
Structural Design
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119. A steel beam composed of flanges with greater yield strength than that of the web,
A . Box Girder
C . T-Flange Girder
B . Hybrid Girder
D . Bridging
120. A brace or a system of braces placed between joists to stiffen and hold them in place to help
distribute the load.
A . Box Girder
C . T-Flange Girder
B . Hybrid Girder
D . Bridging
121. The element at any transverse cross-section of a straight beam is the algebraic sum of components
acting transverse to the axis of the beam of all loads and reactions applied to the portion of the beam
on either side of the cross-section.
A . Axial Force
C . Lateral Force
B . Shear Force
D . Parallel Force
122. The type of slab when the ratio of the short span to the long span of the slab is less than 0.50.
A . One-Way Slab
C . Cantilever Slab
B . Two-Way Slab
D . Slab On Fill
123. The analysis of the stress, strain, and deflection characteristics of structural behavior.
A . Plastic Analysis
C . Structural Analysis
B . Seismic Analysis
D . Stress Analysis
124. Determination of the seismic effect on the structure.

D . Stress Analysis
125. The determination of load effects on members and connectors based on the assumption of rigidplastic behavior.
D . Stress Analysis
Structural Design
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126. The element at any transverse cross-section of a straight beam is the algebraic sum of the
moments, taken about an axis passing through the centroid of the cross-section. The axis about which
the moments are taken is normal to the plane of loading.
A . External Moment
C . Reaction
B . Bending Moment
D . Resisting Moment
127. Longitudinal Beams which rest on the top chord and preferably at the joint of the truss. A piece of
timber laid horizontally on the principal rafters on which the roof covering is laid.
A . Purlins
C . Rafters
B . Jack Rafter
D . Girders
128. Any rafter that is shorter than the usual length of the rafters used in the same building; especially
occurring in hip roofs.
A . Purlins
C . Rafters
B . Jack Rafter
D . Girders
129. One in a series of inclined structural members from the ridge of the roof down to the eaves,
providing support for the covering of a roof.
A . Purlins
C . Rafters
B . Jack Rafter
D . Girders
130. A large or principal beam of steel, reinforced concrete, or timber used to support concentrated
loads at isolated points along its length.
A . Purlins
C . Rafters
B . Jack Rafter
D . Girders
131. The minimum wall thickness of fireplace chimneys with flue lining as per PD 1096.
A . 100 mm
C . 150 mm
B . 250 mm
D . 200 mm
132. The maximum deflection for a simply supported beam with a concentrated load at midspan.
A . PL3 / 84 EI
C . PL3 / 48 EI
B . PL3 / 24 EI
D . PL3 / 16 EI
Structural Design
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133. What is the section modulus of a triangular section with base b and height h.
A . bh2 / 8
C . bh2 / 24
B . bh2 / 16
D . bh2 / 32
134. The general term applied for all forces which act upon a structure and anything else which cause
stress or deformation within a structure or a part thereof.
A . Loads
C . Unit Weights
B . Reactions
D . None of the above
135. In wood frame construction, they are horizontal boards or timbers connecting and terminating
posts, joists, rafters, etc.
A . Plates
C . Rafters
B . Purlins
D . Planks
136. A long, wide, square-sawn thick piece of timber. Its specifications vary but often, the minimum
width is 8 and 2-4 thick for softwood and 1 thick for hardwood.
A . Plates
C . Rafters
B . Purlins
D . Planks
137. The allowable stress in MPa of other bars in tension.

A . 3.23 fc / D
C . 7.17 fc / D
B . 10.14 f c / D
D . 7.18 fc / D
138. The allowable stress in MPa of other bars in compression

A . 3.23 fc / D
C . 7.17 fc / D
B . 10.14 fc / D
D . 7.18 f c / D
139. The minimum thickness of the front and side walls of a smoke chamber of a fireplace as per PD
1096.
A . 100 mm
C . 150 mm
B . 200 mm
D . 300 mm
Structural Design
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140. This system consists of several forces, the lines of action of which are parallel.
A . Parallel Coplanar Force System
C . Non-Coplanar Force System
B . Concurrent Coplanar Force System
D . General Coplanar Force System
141. In bond stress, as the yield strength of reinforcement is increased, the allowable tensile stress of the
reinforcement requiring the development of higher bond stress...?
A . Fails
C . Increases
B . Resists
D . Decreases
142. A three dimensional structural system without the bearing walls, composed of interconnected
members laterally supported so as to function as a complete self-contained unit with or without the aid
of horizontal diaphragms or floor-bracing systems.
A . Box System
C . Free form
B . Space Frame
D . Braced Frame
143. Three dimensional structural system without bearing walls composed or members.
A . Box System
C . Free form
B . Space Frame
D . Braced Frame
144. The frame of a building in which the resistance to lateral forces or to frame instability is provided
by diagonal bracing, K-bracing or any other types of bracing.
A . Box System
C . Free-form
B . Space Frame
D . Braced Frame
145. The minimum thickness of reinforced concrete walls for masonry chimneys for residential type
appliances as per PD 1096.
A . 200 mm
C . 150 mm
B . 100 mm
D . 300 mm
tt. The minimum bottom clearance of a concrete slab.

A . 20 mm
C . 25 mm
B . 15 mm
D . 16 mm
Structural Design
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147. A wall which in its own plane, carries shear resulting from forces such as wind, blast or earthquake.
It is designed to resist the forces parallel to the plane of the wall.
A . Bearing Wall
C . Grade Wall
B . Curtain Wall
D . Shear Wall
148. In a tall building of steel-frame construction, an exterior wall that is non-load bearing and does not
have any structural function.
A . Bearing Wall
C . Grade Wall
B . Curtain Wall
D . Shear Wall
149. A wall capable of supporting an imposed load; also called a structural or load bearing wall.
A . Bearing Wall
C . Grade Wall
B . Curtain Wall
D . Shear Wall
150. The section at which the moment changes from positive to negative.
A . Neutral Axis
C . Section of Zero Shear
B . Inflection Point
D . Maximum Moment
151. The ratio of the effective length to its least radius of gyration of a column.
A . Poissons Ratio
C . Development Length
B . Slenderness Ratio
D . Moment of Inertia
152. A joint where two successive placements of concrete meet.

A . Truss Joint
B . Contraction Joint
D . Expansion Joint
153. An expansion joint between adjacent parts of a structure which permits movement between them
resulting in contraction.
A . Truss Joint
D . Expansion Joint
Structural Design
27
154. A joint or gap between adjacent parts of a structure which permits their relative movements due to
temperature changes and other conditions without any rupture or damage.
A . Truss Joint
D . Expansion Joint
155. A quantity which measures the resistance of the mass to being revolved about a line. The twisting
of a structural member about its longitudinal axis by two equal and opposite torques on both ends.
A . Tension
C . Variation
B . Torsion
D . Deflection
156. The state or condition of being pulled or stretched.

A . Tension
C . Variation
B . Torsion
D . Deflection
157. Any displacement in a body from its static position, or from an established direction or plane, as a
result of forces acting on the body.
A . Tension
C . Variation
B . Torsion
D . Deflection
158. A type of concrete floor which has no beams, reinforced in two or more directions.
A . Flat Slab
C . Two-Way Slab
B . One-Way Slab
D . Ribbed Floor
159. A reinforced concrete floor panel composed of a thin slab reinforced by a system of ribs.
A . Flat Slab
C . Two-Way Slab
B . One-Way Slab
D . Ribbed Floor
160. A concrete floor slab in which the main reinforcement runs in two directions.
A . Flat Slab
C . Two-Way Slab
B . One-Way Slab
D . Ribbed Floor
Structural Design
28
161. Any material changes in shape, form or dimensions produced in a body when subjected to the
action of a force without the breach of the continuity of its parts.
A . Reflection
C . Deformation
B . Deflection
D . Acceleration
162. The rate of change of the velocity of a moving body.

A . Reflection
C . Deformation
B . Deflection
D . Acceleration
163. Any displacement in a body from its static position, or from an established direction or plane as a
A . Reflection
C . Deformation
B . Deflection
D . Acceleration
164. The change of direction which a ray of light, sound, or radiant heat undergoes when it strikes a
surface.
A . Reflection
C . Deformation
B . Deflection
D . Acceleration
165. The lowest stress in a material at which the material begins to exhibit plastic properties; beyond
this point an increase in strain occurs without an increase in stress.
A . Bond Stress
C . Ultimate Stress
B . Yielding Stress
D . Working Stress
166. The force of adhesion per unit area of contact between two bonded surfaces such as between a
concrete and a steel reinforcing bar.
A . Bond Stress
C . Ultimate Stress
B . Yielding Stress
D . Working Stress
167. The maximum unit stress permitted under working loads by the codes and specifications. Also
known as the working stress.
A . Bond Stress
C . Ultimate Stress
B . Yielding Stress
D . Allowable Stress
Structural Design
29
168. The greatest stress to which a material is capable of developing without a permanent deformation
remaining upon the complete release of stress.
A . Ultimate Tensile Strength
C . Bending Stress
D . Proportional Limit
169. The sum of the products obtained by multiplying each element of mass by the square of its
distance from the axis.
C . Bending Stress
170. Measured by the maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled
before breaking.
C . Bending Stress
171. The measurement of the stiffness of a material.

A . Effective Length
C . Stiffness Ratio
B . Proportional Limit
D . Ratio and Proportion
172. The failure in a base when a heavily loaded column strikes a hole through the slab.
A . Flexural Stress
C . Punching Shear
B . Punching Moment
D . Single Shear
173. The material property, defined as the stress in a material just before it yields in a flexure test.
A . Flexural Stress
C . Punching Shear
B . Punching Moment
D . Single Shear
174. A number of shores acting collectively. A piece of timber to support a wall, usually set in a
diagonal or oblique postion to hold the wall in place temporarily.
A . Load Bearing Walls
C . Shoring Walls
B . Dead Load
D . Retaining Wall
Structural Design
30
175. The moving or movable external load on a structure. This includes the weight of furnishings, the
people, equipment, etc. This excludes the wind load.
A . Live Load
B . Dead Load
176. The weight of a structure itself, including the weight of fixtures or equipment permanently
attached to it.
A . Live Load
B . Dead Load
177. A load acting on a very small area of a structure.

A . Live Load
B . Dead Load
178. A load which acts evenly over a structural member or over a surface that supports the load.
A . Live Load
B . Dead Load
179. The minimum length of a straight reinforcing rod which is required to anchor in concrete. The
length of the embedded reinforcement required to develop the design strength at critical section.
B . Cross-Sectional Area
D . Equivalent Distance
180. The area of the section of any solid object.

181. The distance between inflection point in the column when it breaks.
Structural Design
31
182. A beam that projects beyond three or more of its supports, joined together so that, for any given
load on one span, the effect on the other span can be calculated.
B . Continuous Beam
183. A beam freely supported at two points and having one or both ends extending beyond these
supports.
B . Continuous Beam
184. In floor framing, any other floor beams that are positioned between the end floor beams.
B . Continuous Beam
185. A beam anchored at only one end to a (usually vertical) support from which it is protruding.
B . Continuous Beam
186. A structural system without a complete vertical load carrying space frame
A . Braced Frame
C . Rigid Component
D . Flexible Component
187. A component including its attachments having a fundamental period less than or equal to 0.06
seconds.
A . Braced Frame
C . Rigid Component
188. A component including its attachments having a fundamental period greater than 0.60 seconds.
A . Braced Frame
C . Rigid Component
Structural Design
32
189. Concrete filled driven piles of uniform sections shall have a nominal outside diameter of not less
than.
A . 200 mm
C . 300 mm
B . 250 mm
D . 350 mm
h. The duration in which a complete record of test of materials and of concrete shall be available for
inspection during the progress of work that shall be preserved by the inspecting architect or engineer.
A . 2 Years
C . 4 Years
B . 6 Years
D . 3 Years
191. The minimum bend diameter for 10 mm to 25 mm bars

A . 12 db
C . 8 db
B . 10 db
D . 6 db

A . 12 db
C . 8 db
B . 10 db
D . 6 db

A . 12 db
C . 8 db
B . 10 db
D . 6 db
194. The minimum clear spacing between parallel bars in a layer.

A . 50 mm
C . 22 mm
B . 100 mm
D . 25 mm
195. In spiral or tied reinforced compression members, what is the minimum clear distance between
longitudinal bars.
A . 2.0 db
C . 1.50 db
B . 2.15 db
D . 1.75 db
Structural Design
33
= 98
T O TA L S C O R E
P E R C E N TA G E
SECTION A - 03
196. In walls and slabs other than concrete joist construction, primary flexural reinforcement shall not
be spaced farther apart than three (3) times the wall of slab thickness, nor farther than...?
A . 375 mm
C . 150 mm
B . 450 mm
D . 200 mm
197. The maximum number of pieces in one bundle of groups of parallel reinforcing bars bundled in
contact to act as one unit.
A.4
C.6
B.2
D.8
198. The maximum dimension of bars that should not be bundles in beams.
A . 32 mm
C . 22 mm
B . 36 mm
D . 16 mm
199. The minimum stagger of individual bars within a bundle terminated within the span of flexural
members.
A . 12 db
C . 40 db
B . 36 db
D . 20 db
200. The minimum concrete cover for concrete cast against and permanently exposed to the earth.
A . 65 mm
C . 85 mm
B . 75 mm
D . 90 mm
201. The minimum clear concrete covering for cast in place slab.
A . 90 mm
C . 85 mm
B . 65 mm
D . 20 mm
202. In ultimate strength design, the strength reduction factor for flexure without axial loads.
A . 0.90
C . 0.85
B . 0.75
D . 0.20
Structural Design
36
203. In ultimate strength design, the strength reduction factor for shear and torsion.
A . 0.80
C . 0.65
B . 0.85
D . 0.90
204. The minimum one way slab thickness which is simply supported at the ends only.
A . L/20
C . L/28
B . L/24
D . L/10
205 . The minimum one way slab thickness for a one end continuous slab.
A . L/20
C . L/28
B . L/24
D . L/10
206. The minimum one way slab thickness for a both end continuous slab.
A . L/20
C . L/28
B . L/24
D . L/10
207. The minimum one way slab thickness for a cantilevered slab.
A . L/20
C . L/28
B . L/24
D . L/10
208. The maximum overall depth to clear span ratio of deep continuous flexural members.
A . 0.60
C . 0.85
B . 0.20
D . 0.40
209. The maximum overall depth to clear span ratio of simple span flexural members.
A . 0.75
C . 0.90
B . 0.85
D . 0.20
Structural Design
37
210. The maximum spacing of shear reinforcement placed perpendicular to the axis of non-prestressed
members.
A.d/2
C.d/6
B.d/4
D.d/8
212. The maximum development length for deformed bars in tension.

A . 300 mm
C . 450 mm
B . 250 mm
D . 150 mm
213. An essentially vertical truss system of the concentric or eccentric type that is provided to resist
lateral forces.
A . Building Frame System
C . Diaphragm
B . Braced Frame
D . Sheet Pile
214. A horizontal or nearly horizontal system which activity is to transmit lateral forces to the vertical
resisting elements.
C . Diaphragm
B . Braced Frame
D . Sheet Pile
215. A frame in which members and joints are capable of resisting forces primarily by flexure.
A . Moment Resisting Frame
C . Truss System
B . Ordinary Braced Frame
D . Eccentric Braced Frame
216. The minimum percentage of live load that shall be applicable for storage and warehouse
occupancies in the determination of seismic dead load.
A . 50 %
C . 60 %
B . 25 %
D . 30 %
217. The maximum slope percentage of slope cut surfaces.

A . 50 %
C . 30 %
B . 25 %
D . 60 %
Structural Design
38
218. The required number of days in which the person making the excavation shall notify in writing, the
owner of the adjoining buildings, with due regards the commencement of the excavation work.
A . 10 Days
C . 15 Days
B . 25 Days
D . 30 Days
219. The slope limit in which fill slopes shall not be constructed on natural slopes steeper than this value.
A . 30 %
C . 10 %
B . 50 %
D . 60 %
220. The minimum distance that the toe of the fill slope made to the site boundary line.
A . 0.80 M
C . 0.40 M
B . 0.70 M
D . 0.60 M
221. The maximum distance that the toe of the fill slope made to the site boundary line.
A.8M
C.6M
B.7M
D.2M
222. The maximum depth of the sand backfill that shall be thoroughly compacted by tamping in layers
for the sand backfill in the annular space around a column not embedded in poured footings.
A . 500 mm
C . 300 mm
B . 200 mm
D . 400 mm
223. The ultimate strength of concrete at 28 days in using a concrete backfill in the annular space
around a column not embedded in poured footings.
A . 30 MPa
C . 15 MPa
B . 20 MPa
D . 40 MPa
224. The minimum concrete cover on the bottom of grillage footings of structural steel shapes used on
soils that are completely embedded in concrete.
A . 100 mm
C . 450 mm
B . 200 mm
D . 150 mm
Structural Design
39
225. The maximum limit of soil pressure in which temporary open air portable bleachers may be
supported upon wood wills or steel plates directly placed upon the ground surface.
A . 100 Kpa
C . 150 Kpa
B . 50 Kpa
D . 200 Kpa
226. The minimum nominal diameter of steel bolts when wood plates or sill shall be bolted to a
foundation wall in a zone 2 seismic area in the Philippines.
A . 10 mm
C . 16 mm
B . 20 mm
D . 12 mm
A . 10 mm
C . 16 mm
B . 20 mm
D . 12 mm
228. Individual pile caps and caissons of every structure subjected to seismic forces shall be
interconnected by ties. What is the percentage of the largest column vertical load capable of resisting
tension or compression.
A . 10 %
C . 20 %
B . 16 %
D . 15 %
229. The depth of the pile cap in which it may be considered fixed and laterally supported into firm
ground.
A . 1.50 M
C . 3.0 M
B . 2.0 M
D . 3.5 M
230. The depth of the pile cap in which it may be considered fixed and laterally supported into soft
ground.
A . 1.50 M
C . 3.0 M
B . 2.0 M
D . 3.5 M
231. What is the value to be multiplied to the average diameter of the pile in order to get the maximum
length of cast in place piles/bored piles.
A . 30 Times
C . 25 Times
B . 70 Times
D . 16 Times
Structural Design
40
231. The minimum compressive strength of cast in place/bored piles.

A . 17.50 MPa
C . 15 MPa
B . 20 MPa
D . 25 MPa
232. The minimum compressive strength of precast concrete piles.

A . 17.50 MPa
C . 15 MPa
B . 20 MPa
D . 25 MPa
233. The maximum spacing (center on center) of ties and spirals in a driven precast concrete pile
A . 75 mm
B . 100 mm
B . 100 mm
D . 150 mm
234. The maximum compressive strength of precast prestressed concrete piles.

A . 15 MPa
C . 35 MPa
B . 20 MPa
D . 25 MPa
235. The minimum outside diameter of pipe piles when used.

A . 250 mm
C . 350 mm
B . 300 mm
D . 400 mm
236. Aviation Control Towers

A . Essential Facility
C . Special Facility
B . Essential Occupancy
D . Special Occupancy
237. Private garages, carports, sheds, agricultural buildings.

C . Miscellaneous Occupancy
D . Miscellaneous Facility
Structural Design
41
238. Buildings used for college or adult education with a capacity of 500 or more students.
B . Special Occupancy
D . Hazardous Facility
239. The allowable deflection for any structural member loaded with live load only.
A . L / 300
C . L / 200
B . L / 360
D . L / 240
240. The allowable deflection for any structural member loaded with dead and live load only.
A . L / 300
C . L / 200
B . L / 360
D . L / 240
241. The value that which retaining walls shall be designed to resist lateral force.
A . 3 Times
C . 1.50 Times
B . 2 Times
D . 1.00 Times
242. The value that which retaining walls shall be designed to resist overturning.
A . 3 Times
C . 1.50 Times
B . 2 Times
D . 1.00 Times
243. The percentage of the sum of the rated capacity of the crane and the weight of the hoist and
trolley in which the lateral force on a crane runway beam with electrically powered trolleys shall be
calculated
A . 20 %
C . 30 %
B . 15 %
D . 50 %
244. The percentage of the maximum wheel load of the crane on longitudinal forces on crane runway
beams , except for bridge cranes with hand geared bridges.
A . 10 %
C . 30 %
B . 15 %
D . 50 %
Structural Design
42
245. The percentage of an open space in which a structure can be considered an open building.
A . 50 %
C . 70 %
B . 60 %
D . 80 %
246. The maximum height of a enclosed or partially enclosed building in which it shall be considered a
low rise building or structure.
A . 50 M
C . 18 M
B . 15 M
D . 16 M
247. The wind load importance factor lw for essential facilities.

A . 1.15
C . 2.15
B . 1.00
D . 0.87
248. The wind load importance factor lw for hazardous facilities.

A . 1.15
C . 2.15
B . 1.00
D . 0.87
249. The wind load importance factor lw for standard occupancy structures.
A . 1.15
C . 2.15
B . 1.00
D . 0.87
250. The wind load importance factor lw for miscellaneous structures.

A . 1.15
C . 2.15
B . 1.00
D . 0.87
251. The exposure category for wind loading of large city centers with at least 50% of the buildings
having a height greater than 21 M.
A . Exposure A
C . Exposure C
B . Exposure B
D . Exposure D
Structural Design
43
252. The exposure category for wind loading of open terrains with scattered obstructions having heights
less than 9 M.
A . Exposure A
C . Exposure C
B . Exposure B
D . Exposure D
253. The exposure category for wind loading of flat unobstructed areas exposed to wind flowing over
open water for a distance of at least 2 km.
A . Exposure A
C . Exposure C
B . Exposure B
D . Exposure D
254. The exposure category for wind loading of urban and suburban areas, wooded areas or other
terrain with numerous closely spaced obstructions the size of a single family dwelling or larger.
A . Exposure A
C . Exposure C
B . Exposure B
D . Exposure D
255. The wind velocity of the zone 1 of the Philippine map.

A . 250 Kph
C . 125 Kph
B . 200 Kph
D . 300 Kph

A . 250 Kph
C . 125 Kph
B . 200 Kph
D . 300 Kph

A . 250 Kph
C . 125 Kph
B . 200 Kph
D . 300 Kph
258. The minimum value of any individual strength teast (Average of 2 cylinders) in testing concrete
laboratory cured specimens.
A . 5 MPa
C . 3.50 Mpa
B . 4.25 Mpa
D . 4.0 Mpa
Structural Design
44
259. The maximum value in which the least width of the compression or face shall be multiplied to in
order to obtain the spacing for a lateral support beam.
A . 40
C . 60
B . 50
D . 30
260. For a rectangular reinforced concrete compression member, it shall be permitted to take the radius
of gyration equal to _______times the overall dimension of the direction if stability is being considered.
A . 0.40
C . 0.60
B . 0.50
D . 0.30
261. The maximum limit of the slenderness ratio for members whose design is based on compressive
force.
A . 300
C . 200
B . 250
D . 350
262. The maximum limit of the slenderness ratio for members whose design is based on tensile force.
A . 300
C . 200
B . 250
D . 350
263. The allowable stress on the net area of the pinhole for pin connected members.
A . 0.60 Fy
C . 0.45 Fy
B . 0.50 Fy
D . 0.40 Fy
264. The allowable tensile stress on the gross area for other than pin connected members.
A . 0.60 Fy
C . 0.45 Fy
B . 0.50 Fy
D . 0.40 Fy
265. For pin connected plates, the minimum net area beyond the pinhole parallel to the axis of the
member shall not be less than _______of the net area across the pinhole.
A . 3/4
C . 3/5
B . 2/3
D . 1/3
Structural Design
45
266. For pin connected members in which the pin is expected to provide for relative movement between
connected parts while under full load, the diameter of the pinhole shall not be more than ______mm
greater than the diameter of the pin.
A . 10 mm
C . 0.80 mm
B . 0.50 mm
D . 200 mm
267. The maximum longitudinal spacing of bolts, nuts and intermittent welds correctly two rolled
shapes in contact for a built up section.
A . 600 mm
C . 800 mm
B . 700 mm
D . 400 mm
268. The maximum ratio for lacing bars arranged in a single system.
A . 140 mm
C . 250 mm
B . 200 mm
D . 100 mm
269. The maximum ratio for lacing bars arranged in a double system.
A . 140 mm
C . 250 mm
B . 200 mm
D . 100 mm
270. The allowable bending stress for members bent about their strong or weak axes, members with
compact section where the flanges continuously connect to the web.
A . 0.90 Fy
C . 0.80 Fy
B . 0.85 Fy
D . 0.66 Fy
271. The allowable bending stress for box type and tubular textural members that meet on the non
compact section requirements of section 502.6 of PD 1096.
A . 0.90 Fy
C . 0.80 Fy
B . 0.60 Fy
D . 0.66 Fy
272. The maximum spacing of bolts and rivets connecting stiffness to the girder web (center on center)
A . 400 mm
C . 300 mm
B . 350 mm
D . 250 mm
Structural Design
46
273. The actual section modulus of the transformed composite section shall be used in calculating the
concrete flexural compressed stress and for construction without temporary shores, this stress shall be
based upon loading applied after the concrete has reached _____% of its required strength.
A . 50 %
C . 80 %
B . 60 %
D . 75 %
274. The minimum lateral concrete covering of shear connectors.

A . 50 mm
C . 25 mm
B . 100 mm
D . 40 mm
275. The minimum center on center spacing of stud connectors along the longitudinal axis of a
supporting composite beam.
A . 6 Diameter of The Connector
C . 12 Diameter of The Connector
B . 10 Diameter of The Connector
D . 8 Diameter of The Connector
276. The maximum center on center spacing of stud connectors along the longitudinal axis of a
277. The minimum force that shall be designed to support connections carrying calculated stresses,
except for lacing, sag bars, and girts.
A . 30
C . 26.70
B . 50
D . 35
278. The connections at ends of tension or compression members in trusses shall develop the force
due to the design load but no less than _____ at the effective strength of the member unless a smaller
percentage is justified by engineering analysis that considers other factors including shipping & erection.
A . 50 %
C . 65 %
B . 70 %
D . 100 %
279. The maximum spacing of the stud shear connector along the length of the supporting beam or
girder when formed steel decking is a part of the composite beam.
A . 800 mm
C . 900 mm
B . 750 mm
D . 1000 mm
Structural Design
47
280. The minimum sizes of the fillet weld for plates with thickness greater than 20 mm.
A . 10 mm
C . 15 mm
B . 8 mm
D . 20 mm
281. The minimum size of the fillet weld for plates with a thickness of 6 mm.
A . 10 mm
C . 6 mm
B . 8 mm
D . 3 mm
282. The minimum size of the fillet weld for plates with a thickness of 12 mm - 20 mm.
A . 10 mm
C . 6 mm
B . 8 mm
D . 20 mm
Structural Design
48
Structural Design
49
= 87
T O TA L S C O R E
P E R C E N TA G E
END OF MODULE A
SECTION A - 01
SECTION A - 02
SECTION A - 03
T O TA L S C O R E
P E R C E N TA G E
MODULE B
SECTION B - 01
1. A registered and licensed engineer that conducts solid exploration, investigation and analysis
C . Slope Engineer
B . Geo-technical Engineer
2. A structural system without a complete load-carrying space frame.

A . Braced Frame
C . Building Frame System
D . Boundary Elements
3. Also known as the buckling of a column.

A . Crack
C . Bending
B . Honeycomb
D . Crippling
4. Another term or description for aggregates.

A . Admixtures
C . Inert Materials
B . Accelerators
D . Hardener
5. Prismatic members that are subjected to axial tension caused by forces acting through the centroid
axis.
A . Tendons
C . Trusses
B . Torsions
D . Tension Members
6. The steepest angle of descent or dip relative to the horizontal plane to which a material can be piled
without slumping. At this angle, the material on the slope face is on the verge of sliding.
A . Angle of Inclination
C . Angle of Repose
B . Angle of Slipping
D . Angle of Cohesion
7. In wood frame construction, they are horizontal boards or timbers connecting and terminating posts,
joists, rafters, etc.
A . Plates
C . Rafters
B . Purlins
D . Planks
Structural Design
54
8. A three dimensional structural system without the bearing walls, composed of interconnected
members laterally supported so as to function as a complete self-contained unit with or without the aid
of horizontal diaphragms or floor-bracing systems.
A . Box System
C . Free form
B . Space Frame
D . Braced Frame
9. Three dimensional structural system without bearing walls composed of members.

A . Box System
C . Free form
B . Space Frame
D . Braced Frame
10. The frame of a building in which the resistance to lateral forces or to frame instability is provided by
diagonal bracing, K-bracing or any other types of bracing.
A . Box System
C . Free-form
B . Space Frame
D . Braced Frame
11. The ratio of the effective length to its least radius of gyration of a column.
A . Poissons Ratio
C . Development Length
B . Slenderness Ratio
D . Moment of Inertia
12. A structural system without a complete vertical load carrying space frame
A . Braced Frame
C . Rigid Component
13. The minimum clear spacing between parallel bars in a layer.

A . 50 mm
C . 22 mm
B . 100 mm
D . 25 mm
14. Any displacement in a body from its static position, or from an established direction or plane, as a
A . Tension
C . Variation
B . Torsion
D . Deflection
Structural Design
55
15. In walls and slabs other than concrete joist construction, primary flexural reinforcement shall not be
spaced farther apart than three (3) times the wall of slab thickness, nor farther than...?
A . 375 mm
C . 150 mm
B . 450 mm
D . 200 mm
16. The maximum number of pieces in one bundle of groups of parallel reinforcing bars bundled in
contact to act as one unit.
A.4
C.6
B.2
D.8
17. The maximum dimension of bars that should not be bundles in beams.
A . 32 mm
C . 22 mm
B . 36 mm
D . 16 mm
18. The minimum stagger of individual bars within a bundle terminated within the span of flexural
members.
A . 12 db
C . 40 db
B . 36 db
D . 20 db
19. The minimum concrete cover for concrete cast against and permanently exposed to the earth.
A . 65 mm
C . 85 mm
B . 75 mm
D . 90 mm
20. The minimum clear concrete covering for cast in place slab.
A . 90 mm
C . 85 mm
B . 65 mm
D . 20 mm
21. In ultimate strength design, the strength reduction factor for flexure without axial loads.
A . 0.90
C . 0.85
B . 0.75
D . 0.20
Structural Design
56
22. In ultimate strength design, the strength reduction factor for shear and torsion.
A . 0.80
C . 0.65
B . 0.85
D . 0.90
23. The minimum one way slab thickness which is simply supported at the ends only.
A . L/20
C . L/28
B . L/24
D . L/10
24 . The minimum one way slab thickness for a one end continuous slab.
A . L/20
C . L/28
B . L/24
D . L/10
25. The minimum one way slab thickness for a both end continuous slab.
A . L/20
C . L/28
B . L/24
D . L/10
26. The minimum one way slab thickness for a cantilevered slab.
A . L/20
C . L/28
B . L/24
D . L/10
27. The maximum overall depth to clear span ratio of deep continuous flexural members.
A . 0.60
C . 0.85
B . 0.20
D . 0.40
28. The maximum overall depth to clear span ratio of simple span flexural members.
A . 0.75
C . 0.90
B . 0.85
D . 0.20
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29. The maximum spacing of shear reinforcement placed perpendicular to the axis of non-prestressed
members.
A.d/2
C.d/6
B.d/4
D.d/8
30. The maximum development length for deformed bars in tension.

A . 300 mm
C . 450 mm
B . 250 mm
D . 150 mm
31. An essentially vertical truss system of the concentric or eccentric type that is provided to resist
lateral forces.
C . Diaphragm
B . Braced Frame
D . Sheet Pile
32. A horizontal or nearly horizontal system which activity is to transmit lateral forces to the vertical
resisting elements.
C . Diaphragm
B . Braced Frame
D . Sheet Pile
33. A frame in which members and joints are capable of resisting forces primarily by flexure.
A . Moment Resisting Frame
C . Truss System
B . Ordinary Braced Frame
D . Eccentric Braced Frame
34. The minimum percentage of live load that shall be applicable for storage and warehouse occupancies
in the determination of seismic dead load.
A . 50 %
C . 60 %
B . 25 %
D . 30 %
35. The maximum slope percentage of slope cut surfaces.

A . 50 %
C . 30 %
B . 25 %
D . 60 %
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36. The required number of days in which the person making the excavation shall notify in writing, the
owner of the adjoining buildings, with due regards the commencement of the excavation work.
A . 10 Days
C . 15 Days
B . 25 Days
D . 30 Days
37. The slope limit in which fill slopes shall not be constructed on natural slopes steeper than this value.
A . 30 %
C . 10 %
B . 50 %
D . 60 %
38. The minimum distance that the toe of the fill slope made to the site boundary line.
A . 0.80 M
C . 0.40 M
B . 0.70 M
D . 0.60 M
39. The maximum distance that the toe of the fill slope made to the site boundary line.
A.8M
C.6M
B.7M
D.2M
40. The maximum depth of the sand backfill that shall be thoroughly compacted by tamping in layers
for the sand backfill in the annular space around a column not embedded in poured footings.
A . 500 mm
C . 300 mm
B . 200 mm
D . 400 mm
41. The ultimate strength of concrete at 28 days in using a concrete backfill in the annular space around
a column not embedded in poured footings.
A . 30 MPa
C . 15 MPa
B . 20 MPa
D . 40 MPa
42. The minimum concrete cover on the bottom of grillage footings of structural steel shapes used on
soils that are completely embedded in concrete.
A . 100 mm
C . 450 mm
B . 200 mm
D . 150 mm
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43. The maximum limit of soil pressure in which temporary open air portable bleachers may be
supported upon wood wills or steel plates directly placed upon the ground surface.
A . 100 Kpa
C . 150 Kpa
B . 50 Kpa
D . 200 Kpa
A . 10 mm
C . 16 mm
B . 20 mm
D . 12 mm
A . 10 mm
C . 16 mm
B . 20 mm
D . 12 mm
46. Individual pile caps and caissons of every structure subjected to seismic forces shall be
interconnected by ties. What is the percentage of the largest column vertical load capable of resisting
tension or compression.
A . 10 %
C . 20 %
B . 16 %
D . 15 %
47. The depth of the pile cap in which it may be considered fixed and laterally supported into firm
ground.
A . 1.50 M
C . 3.0 M
B . 2.0 M
D . 3.5 M
48. The depth of the pile cap in which it may be considered fixed and laterally supported into soft
ground.
A . 1.50 M
C . 3.0 M
B . 2.0 M
D . 3.5 M
49. What is the value to be multiplied to the average diameter of the pile in order to get the maximum
length of cast in place piles/bored piles.
A . 30 Times
C . 25 Times
B . 70 Times
D . 16 Times
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50. The minimum compressive strength of cast in place/bored piles.

A . 17.50 MPa
C . 15 MPa
B . 20 MPa
D . 25 MPa
51. The minimum compressive strength of precast concrete piles.

A . 17.50 MPa
C . 15 MPa
B . 20 MPa
D . 25 MPa
52. The maximum spacing (center on center) of ties and spirals in a driven precast concrete pile
A . 75 mm
B . 100 mm
B . 100 mm
D . 150 mm
53. The maximum compressive strength of precast prestressed concrete piles.

A . 15 MPa
C . 35 MPa
B . 20 MPa
D . 25 MPa
54. The minimum outside diameter of pipe piles when used.

A . 250 mm
C . 350 mm
B . 300 mm
D . 400 mm
55. Aviation Control Towers

C . Special Facility
D . Special Occupancy
56. Private garages, carports, sheds, agricultural buildings.

D . Miscellaneous Facility
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57. Buildings used for college or adult education with a capacity of 500 or more students.
B . Special Occupancy
D . Hazardous Facility
58. The allowable deflection for any structural member loaded with live load only.
A . L / 300
C . L / 200
B . L / 360
D . L / 240
59. The allowable deflection for any structural member loaded with dead and live load only.
A . L / 300
C . L / 200
B . L / 360
D . L / 240
60. The value that which retaining walls shall be designed to resist lateral force.
A . 3 Times
C . 1.50 Times
B . 2 Times
D . 1.00 Times
61. The value that which retaining walls shall be designed to resist overturning.
A . 3 Times
C . 1.50 Times
B . 2 Times
D . 1.00 Times
62. The percentage of the sum of the rated capacity of the crane and the weight of the hoist and trolley
in which the lateral force on a crane runway beam with electrically powered trolleys shall be calculated
A . 20 %
C . 30 %
B . 15 %
D . 50 %
63. The percentage of the maximum wheel load of the crane on longitudinal forces on crane runway
beams , except for bridge cranes with hand geared bridges.
A . 10 %
C . 30 %
B . 15 %
D . 50 %
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64. The percentage of an open space in which a structure can be considered an open building.
A . 50 %
C . 70 %
B . 60 %
D . 80 %
65. The maximum height of a enclosed or partially enclosed building in which it shall be considered a
low rise building or structure.
A . 50 M
C . 18 M
B . 15 M
D . 16 M
66. The wind load importance factor lw for essential facilities.

A . 1.15
C . 2.15
B . 1.00
D . 0.87
67. The wind load importance factor lw for hazardous facilities.

A . 1.15
C . 2.15
B . 1.00
D . 0.87
68. The wind load importance factor lw for standard occupancy structures.
A . 1.15
C . 2.15
B . 1.00
D . 0.87
69. The wind load importance factor lw for miscellaneous structures.

A . 1.15
C . 2.15
B . 1.00
D . 0.87
70. The exposure category for wind loading of large city centers with at least 50% of the buildings
having a height greater than 21 M.
A . Exposure A
C . Exposure C
B . Exposure B
D . Exposure D
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71. The exposure category for wind loading of open terrains with scattered obstructions having heights
less than 9 M.
A . Exposure A
C . Exposure C
B . Exposure B
D . Exposure D
72. The exposure category for wind loading of flat unobstructed areas exposed to wind flowing over open
water for a distance of at least 2 km.
A . Exposure A
C . Exposure C
B . Exposure B
D . Exposure D
73. The exposure category for wind loading of urban and suburban areas, wooded areas or other terrain
with numerous closely spaced obstructions the size of a single family dwelling or larger.
A . Exposure A
C . Exposure C
B . Exposure B
D . Exposure D

A . 250 Kph
C . 125 Kph
B . 200 Kph
D . 300 Kph
75 The wind velocity of the zone 2 of the Philippine map.

A . 250 Kph
C . 125 Kph
B . 200 Kph
D . 300 Kph

A . 250 Kph
C . 125 Kph
B . 200 Kph
D . 300 Kph
77. The minimum value of any individual strength teast (Average of 2 cylinders) in testing concrete
laboratory cured specimens.
A . 5 MPa
C . 3.50 Mpa
B . 4.25 Mpa
D . 4.0 Mpa
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64
78. The maximum value in which the least width of the compression or face shall be multiplied to in
order to obtain the spacing for a lateral support beam.
A . 40
C . 60
B . 50
D . 30
79. For a rectangular reinforced concrete compression member, it shall be permitted to take the radius of
gyration equal to _______times the overall dimension of the direction if stability is being considered.
A . 0.40
C . 0.60
B . 0.50
D . 0.30
80. The maximum limit of the slenderness ratio for members whose design is based on compressive force.
A . 300
C . 200
B . 250
D . 350
81. The maximum limit of the slenderness ratio for members whose design is based on tensile force.
A . 300
C . 200
B . 250
D . 350
82. The allowable stress on the net area of the pinhole for pin connected members.
A . 0.60 Fy
C . 0.45 Fy
B . 0.50 Fy
D . 0.40 Fy
83. The allowable tensile stress on the gross area for other than pin connected members.
A . 0.60 Fy
C . 0.45 Fy
B . 0.50 Fy
D . 0.40 Fy
84. For pin connected plates, the minimum net area beyond the pinhole parallel to the axis of the
member shall not be less than _______of the net area across the pinhole.
A . 3/4
C . 3/5
B . 2/3
D . 1/3
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85. For pin connected members in which the pin is expected to provide for relative movement between
connected parts while under full load, the diameter of the pinhole shall not be more than ______mm
greater than the diameter of the pin.
A . 10 mm
C . 0.80 mm
B . 0.50 mm
D . 200 mm
86. The maximum longitudinal spacing of bolts, nuts and intermittent welds correctly two rolled shapes
in contact for a built up section.
A . 600 mm
C . 800 mm
B . 700 mm
D . 400 mm
87. The maximum ratio for lacing bars arranged in a single system.
A . 140 mm
C . 250 mm
B . 200 mm
D . 100 mm
88. The maximum ratio for lacing bars arranged in a double system.
A . 140 mm
C . 250 mm
B . 200 mm
D . 100 mm
89. The allowable bending stress for members bent about their strong or weak axes, members with
compact section where the flanges continuously connect to the web.
A . 0.90 Fy
C . 0.80 Fy
B . 0.85 Fy
D . 0.66 Fy
90. The allowable bending stress for box type and tubular textural members that meet on the non
compact section requirements of section 502.6 of PD 1096.
A . 0.90 Fy
C . 0.80 Fy
B . 0.60 Fy
D . 0.66 Fy
91. The maximum spacing of bolts and rivets connecting stiffness to the girder web (center on center)
A . 400 mm
C . 300 mm
B . 350 mm
D . 250 mm
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92. The actual section modulus of the transformed composite section shall be used in calculating the
concrete flexural compressed stress and for construction without temporary shores, this stress shall be
based upon loading applied after the concrete has reached _____% of its required strength.
A . 50 %
C . 80 %
B . 60 %
D . 75 %
93. The minimum lateral concrete covering of shear connectors.

A . 50 mm
C . 25 mm
B . 100 mm
D . 40 mm
94. The minimum center on center spacing of stud connectors along the longitudinal axis of a
95. The maximum center on center spacing of stud connectors along the longitudinal axis of a
A . 30
C . 26.70
B . 50
D . 35
97. The connections at ends of tension or compression members in trusses shall develop the force due
to the design load but no less than _____ at the effective strength of the member unless a smaller
percentage is justified by engineering analysis that considers other factors including shipping & erection.
A . 50 %
C . 65 %
B . 70 %
D . 100 %
98. The maximum spacing of the stud shear connector along the length of the supporting beam or
girder when formed steel decking is a part of the composite beam.
A . 800 mm
C . 900 mm
B . 750 mm
D . 1000 mm
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99. The minimum sizes of the fillet weld for plates with thickness greater than 20 mm.
A . 10 mm
C . 15 mm
B . 8 mm
D . 20 mm
100. The minimum size of the fillet weld for plates with a thickness of 6 mm.
A . 10 mm
C . 6 mm
B . 8 mm
D . 3 mm
101. The minimum size of the fillet weld for plates with a thickness of 12 mm - 20 mm.
A . 10 mm
C . 6 mm
B . 8 mm
D . 20 mm
102. A beam type supported by a hinger/roller at one end and the other end is projecting beyond a fixed
support.
A . Semi-Continuous Beam
C . Fixed Beam
B . Simply Supported Beam
103. A 1000 mm x 25 mm nominal diameter deformed steel bar is subjected to test. The following results
were obtained: Actual length is 999mm; actual diameter is 23.5 mm; actual weight is 3.90 kg; yield force
= 22,099.13 kgs.; yield stress = 45.02 kg/sq. mm; ultimate force = 31,425.74 kgs.; Ultimate stress = 64.02
kg/sq. mm; actual strain = 12%. Judge the quality of the steel bar as per PS standard 681-04.02:1975.
A . Nominal diameter of the steel bar, 23.5 mm, is less than the required diameter of 25 mm, thus of poor quality.
B . The steel bar is an intermediate steel bar.
C . Results is less than the minimum standard of PS Grade 410 thus may be categorized only as PS Grade 275.
D . Steel bar is PS Grade 410 and passes the minimum standard for PS Grade 410 thus of good quality.
104. What is the minimum concrete cover for primary reinforcement of beams and columns not exposed
to earth or weather for precast concrete manufactured under plant conditions?
A . db but not less than 25 mm
B . db but not less than 15 mm and need not exceed 40 mm
C . db but not less than 20 mm and need not exceed 40 mm
D . db but not less than 30 m
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105. A brochure of a steel bar manufacturer claims the following specs: Yield strength = 275 MPa;
tensile strength = 480 MPa. A sample of a 32 mm x 1000mm long steel bar was cut for sampling with
the following test results: Yield stress = 28.54 kg/sq. mm; ultimate stress = 50.55 kg/sq. mm. Judge the
actual test result against what is claimed in the brochure and if the test results meet the minimum PS
standards.
A . The test results surpass the claims on the brochure and surpass PS standards.
B . Test results is below the claims in the brochure but passes PS standards.
C . The test results are equal to the claim of the brochure.
D . Test results is below the claims on the brochure and below the PS standard.
106. What criterion conforms to good construction practice for the earliest time to remove scaffolding for
concrete flooring other than early-strength concrete if no anticipated load is expected over poured floor?
A . 25% of scaffoldings can be removed at the slab area after 21 days of pouring and 100% of scaffolds after 28 days.
B . 50% of scaffoldings can be removed after 14 days of pouring and 100% of scaffolds after 21 days.
C . 50% of scaffoldings can be removed over slab area after 28 days of pouring and 100% of scaffolds after 36 days.
D . 25% of scaffoldings can be removed at the slab area after 14 days of pouring and 100% of scaffolds after 21 days.
107. Aggregates should conform to PNS or ASTM standards and must be well-graded for easy
workability and method of consolidation are such that the concrete can be poured without honeycomb
or voids. What is the nominal maximum size of a coarse aggregate when working spaces between
reinforcements for proper bonding?
A . Coarse aggregates shall be no larger than 1/2 the minimum clear spacing between individual reinforcing bars or
wires, bundles of bars or prestressing tendons or ducts.
B . Coarse aggregates shall be no larger than 5/8 the minimum clear spacing between individual reinforcing bars or
C . Coarse aggregates shall be no larger than 7/8 the minimum clear spacing between individual reinforcing bars or
D . Coarse aggregates shall be no larger than 3/4 the minimum clear spacing between individual reinforcing bars or wires,
bundles of bars or prestressing tendons or ducts.
108. Which of the following concrete handling criterion impairs the quality of concrete?
A . Re-tempering concrete shall not be used and discarded by approved means.
B . Carried at a rate that concrete is at all times plastic and flows readily into spaces between reinforcements.
C . Top surfaces of vertically formed lifts shall be generally level.
D . Concrete that has initially set shall be mixed with new concrete and shall be deposited in the structure with approved
means
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109. How is a 90 degree bend standard hook for concrete reinforcement constructed?
A . 90 degree bend plus 10 db extension
C . 90 degree bend plus 6 db extension
B . 90 degree bend plus 12 db extension
D . 90 degree bend plus 4 db extension
110. What is the minimum inside diameter of a standard hook for stirrups and ties for a 16m bar and
smaller in diameter?
A . 8 db
C . 4 db
B . 6 db
D . 10 db
111. What is a material other than water, aggregate or hydraulic cement, used as an ingredient of
concrete and added to concrete before or during its mixture to modify its properties?
A . Admixture
C . Plasticizer
B . Steam
D . Retarder
112. What is a steel element such as wire, cable, bar, rod or strand or a bundle of such elements, used to
impart prestressed to concrete?
A . Prestressed Cables
C . Tendon Cables
B . Reinforcement
D . Tendons
113. What is the minimum requirement for development of at least 1/3 of the total reinforcement
provided for negative moment reinforcement, as an embedded length beyond the point of inflection?
A . Not less than the effective length of member of 12 db, or 1/16 of the clear span, whichever is greater.
B . L/3 + d or 24 db, or 1/12th the clear span, whichever is greater.
C . Not less than 1.5d or 14db, or 1/12th the clear span, whichever is greater.
D . L/4 + d or 12 db, or 1/12th the clear span, whichever is greater.
114. Which is NOT among the following arrangement, a seismic requirement for transverse
reinforcement?
A . Maximum spacing of hoops shall not exceed 24 times the diameter of the hoop bars.
B . Maximum spacing of hoops shall not be 8 times the diameter of the smallest longitudinal bars.
C . Maximum spacing of hoops shall not be more than d/4.
D . The first hoop shall be located not more than 75mm from the face of the supporting member.
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115. As a seismic requirement for flexural members where hoops are required, how are the remaining
portions of a beam treated with transverse reinforcement as minimum requirement other than those
required with hoops?
A . Where hoops are not required, stirrups shall be spaced at no more than d/2 throughout the length of the member.
B . Where hoops are not required, cross ties shall be spaced at no more than d/3 throughout the length of the member.
C . Where hoops are not required, hoops shall continue except that spacing shall not be more than d/2.
D . Where hoops are not required, closed stirrups shall be spaced at no more than d/4 throughout the length of the
member.
116. What is a material other than water, aggregate or hydraulic cement, used as an ingredient of
concrete and added to concrete before or during its mixture to modify its properties?
A . Admixture
C . Plasticizer
B . Steam
D . Retarder
117. Which of the following criterion precludes good construction practice for conduits and pipes
embedded in concrete?
A . Conduits and pipes embedded in slab, the wall or beam shall not be larger in outside dimension than 1/3 the overall
thickness of slab, wall or beam in which they are embedded.
B . Reinforcement with an area not less than 0.002 times the area of cross section shall be provided normal to piping.
C . Concrete cover for pipes, conduits and fittings, shall not be less than 40mm for concrete exposed to earth or
weather.
D . Conduit and pipes, with their fittings, embedded within a column, shall not displace more than 5% of the area of the
cross section on which strength is calculated.
118. Which of the following criteria for bundled bars do NOT apply?
A . Bars larger than 32mm shall not be bundled in beams.
B . Bundle bars shall be enclosed within stirrups or ties.
C . Group of parallel reinforcing bars bundled in contact to act as a unit shall be limited to three in any one bundle.
D . Individual bars within a bundle terminated within the span of flexural members shall terminate at different points
with at least 40db staggered.
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119. What is the act of excavating or filling of earth or any sound material or combination thereof, in
preparation for a finishing surface such as paving?
A . Cut and Fill
C . Site Preparation
B . Grading
D . Benching
120. The kind of pile that is placed at an inclination to resist forces that are not critical.
A . Guide Piles
C . Slope Piles
B . Batter Piles
D . Fender Piles
121. The method of analyzing indeterminate module building frames by assuming hinges at the center
of beam spans and column heights.
A . Cantilever Method
C . Free Body Diagram Method
B . Moment Distribution Method
D . Portal Method
122. What is a concrete beam placed directly on the ground to provide foundation for the
superstructure?
A . Strap Beam
C . Grade Beam
B . Gerber Beam
D . Tie Beam
123. The round, steel bolt embedded in concrete or masonry used to hold down masonry, steel columns,
beam castings, shock beam plates and engine heads?
A . Retaining Bolts
C . Anchor Bolts
B . Foundation Bolts
D . Friction Bolts
124. Two M.S. plates are to be welded by end butt joint by a partial penetration groove weld. The
thickness of the plates are 16 mm. What is the minimum effective throat thickness of the weld?
A . 6.0 mm
C . 7.5 mm
B . 9.0 mm
D . 12 mm
125. The steel materials are to be butt-jointed using a fillet weld. The thicker material is 8.5 mm. What
is the minimum size of the fillet weld?
A . 3.0 mm
C . 5.0 mm
B . 7.0 mm
D . 4.5 mm
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72
126. How is a camber treated in a steel truss 25 meters or longer?

A . Camber shall be approximately equal to 1% of the span.
B . Camber shall be approximately equal to the dead load deflection.
C . Camber shall be approximately equal to 0.8% of the span plus 1/3 the dead load deflection.
D . Camber shall be approximately equal to 0.5% of the span plus 1/3 the live load deflection.
127. Which of the following criterion is NOT applicable for plug and slot welds?
A . The thickness of plug or slot welds in material 16mm or less in thickness shall be equal to the thickness of the
material.
B . The minimum center to center spacing in a longitudinal direction of any line shall be 2 times the length of the slot.
C . The thickness of plug or slot welds in material over 16mm in thickness shall be at least 1/2 the thickness of the
material but not less than 16mm.
D . The width of the slot shall not be less than the thickness of the parts containing it plus 10mm nor 2 1/4 times the
thickness of the weld.
128. Good high-strength bolted connection for steel should have the following physical characteristics for
good workmanship. Which of the following list is NOT ideal?
A . High-strength bolted parts shall fit solidly together when assembled and shall not be separated by gaskets or any
other interposed compressive material.
B . Bolts tightened by means of a calibrated wrench shall be installed with a hardened washer under the nut or bolt
head whichever is the element turned in tightening.
C . When assembled, all joint surfaces, including those adjacent to the washer, shall be free of scale, except tight ___,
dirts, and burns.
D . Surface in contact with the bolt head and nut head shall have a slope of not more than 1:10 with respect to a plane normal to the bolt axis.
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END OF SECTION B -01
= 127
T O TA L S C O R E
P E R C E N TA G E
SECTION B - 02
127. An assemblage of framing members designed to support vertical and lateral loads.
A . Building
C . Structure
B . Frame
D . Bridge
128. This must be considered in designing structural members in order to limit deflections, lateral drifts,
vibrations,etc. That adversely affect the intended use and performance of buildings and the like.
A . Stiffness
C . Permeability
B . Softness
D . Elasticity
129. A soil investigation performed in order to determine the soil bearing capacity.
A . Soil Exploration
C . Compaction
B . Excavation
D . Boreholes
130. The maximum value in which all fills must be compacted in thickness to a minimum of 95% of the
maximum density as determined by the ASTM standard D-1553.
A . 140 mm
C . 250 mm
B . 200 mm
D . 100 mm
131. Aggregates with an average grain size particle larger than 6 mm up to 25 mm

A . Cobble
C . Boulder
B . Sand
D . Gravel
132. These are visual warnings of concrete failure.

A . Creep
C . Fatigue
B . Cracks
D . Buckling
133. The dry and loose weight of light weight aggregate

A . 1145 kg/m3
C . 1120 kg/m3
B . 1600 kg/m3
D . 7840 kg/m3
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134. The force which cause uplift on floors and foundations.

A . Expansive Soil Pressure
C . Reaction
B . Hydrostatic Pressure
D . Weight of the Building
135. The maximum moment developed in a simply supported beam loaded with uniformly distributed
load or W in N/m on the entire span length, L, in meters.
A . 1/24 wl2
C . 1/4 wl2
B . 1/8 wl2
D . 1/48 wl2
136. A subsequent purpose of stirrups aside from resisting vertical and diagonal tension in beams.
A . To Resist Flexure
C . Hold Longitudinal Bars in Place
B . Serve as Temperature Bars
D . To Resist Shear
137. Ties are used for what type of structural elements?

A . Columns
C . Slabs
B . Footings
D . Beams
A . 30
C . 26.70
B . 50
D . 35
139. A column that is not directly aligned to the column below or above it.
A . Eccentric
C . Floating
B . Planted
D . Unaligned
140. The type of prestressing for which tension is applied prior to the placing of concrete.
A . Prestressed Concrete
C . Post Tensioning
B . Pretensioning
D . Precast Concrete
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141. A type of concrete floor which has no supporting beams.

A . Flat Slab
C . Slab
B . One-Way Slab
D . Simple Supported Slab
142. This force adhesion per unit area of contact between two bonded surface.
A . Adhesive Stress
C . Hydrostatic Pressure
B . Bond Stress
D . Axial Stress
143. The distance between two structural supports.

C . Span Length
B . Development Length
D . Overhang
144. The temporary force exerted by a device that introduces tension into prestressing tendons.
A . Jacking Force
C . Tensile Force
B . G-Force
D . Driving Force
145. The gradual downward movement of an engineering structure due to the compression of the force
below.
A . Settlement
C . Compaction
B . Liquefaction
D . Curing
146. Slump test is done in fresh concrete in order primarily to determine what?
A . Workability
C .Rigidity
B . Elasticity
D . Stiffness
147. A groove that is formed, sawed, or tooled in a concrete structure to create a weakened plane and
regulate the location of cracking, resulting from the dimensional changes of the structure.
A . Contraction Joint
C . Seismic Gap
B . Construction Joint
D . Hole
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148. The type of prestressing for which tension is applied after to the placing of concrete.
A . Prestressed Concrete
C . Post Tensioning
B . Pretensioning
D . Precast Concrete
149. The stressed induced as a result of restrained deformations due to changes in temperature.
A . Thermal Stress
C . Creep
B . Strain
D . Yield Stress
150. A point within a beam or column where no moment is developed.

A . Midpoint
C . Point of Zero Shear
B . Inflection Point
D . L/3
151. A form of bracing where a pair of braces are located either above or below a beam and terminates
at a single point within the clear span of the beam.
A . Chevron
C . Bracing System
B . Diaphragm
D . Diagonal System
152. An upright compression member with a ratio of unsupported height to an average least lateral
dimension exceeding 3.
A . Pedestal
C . Short Column
B . Pilaster
D . Long Column
153. A column that is not directly aligned to the column below or above it.
A . Eccentric
C . Floating
B . Planted
D . Unaligned
154. A separation between adjoining parts of a concrete structure, usually a vertical plane, at a
designed location such as to interfere least with the performance of the structure, yet allow such relative
movement in three directions and avoid formation of cracks elsewhere in the concrete and through
which all or part of the bonded reinforcement is interrupted.
A . Isolation Joint
D . Seismic Gap
Structural Design
79
155. The defect classification of knots in woods or timbers.

A . Natural Defect
C . Handling Effect
B . Processing Defect
D . Over Drying Effect
156. The ratio of width to length in meters for one-way slabs.

A . m < 0.5
C . m < 0.5
B . m = 0.5
D . m = 1.0
157. The ratio of width to length in meters for two-way slabs.

A . m > 0.5
C . m > 0.5
B . m = 0.5
D . m = 1.0
158. The symbol of ASTM steel with yield stress of 3600 psi.
A . A36
C . A3
B . A360
D . A36000
159. The coarse aggregates in concrete must be larger than this value but not exceed the nominal size
prescribed in section 403.4.2 of the NSCP.
A . 3/4 inch
C . 2/6 inch
B . 1/4 inch
D . 1/4 inch
160. The strength of concrete at the 28th day is 3000 psi. This value is the same as:
A . 17.50 MPa
C . 20.68 MPa
B . 20 MPa
D . 25.75 MPa
161. Grade 60 steel reinforcement has a yield stress of 275.8 MPa. This value is the same as:
A . 60 ksi
C . 40 ksi
B . 20 ksi
D . 30 ksi
Structural Design
80
162. ASTM Type I cement is generally known for:

A . General Purpose
C . High-Early Strength
B . Low-Heat
D . Rapid Setting
163. The diameter of a No. 8 deformed bar.

A . 10 mm
C . 20 mm
B . 8 mm
D . 25 mm
164. Lap splices for uncoated deformed bar or wires must not be less than the larger of 48 db and:
A . 200 mm
C . 240 mm
B . 400mm
D . 300 mm
165. A simple supported beam, L meters long, carrying a uniformly distributed load of w (N/m)
throughout the span, has a maximum moment of:
A . 1/8 WL2
C . 1/2 WL2
B . 1/2 WL
D . 1/4 WL
166. The minimum length of a Class A lap for tension lap splices shall be_____, but not less than 300
mm.
A . 1d
C . 2.1d
B . 1.5d
D . 3.1d
167. The minimum fllet weld.

A . 2 mm
C . 4 mm
B . 3 mm
D . 5 mm
168. Where can we stop pouring ready mixed concrete on beams if pouring cannot be done in one
setting?
A . L/2
C . Shear Point
B . L/3
D . Zero Moment
Structural Design
81
169. The force that a curtain wall resists.

A . Own Weight and Wind Load
C . Wind Load
B . Earthquake Load
D . Lateral Load
170. Distance measured from the extreme compression fiber to the centroid of the tension reinforcement.
C . Critical Depth
B . Eminent Depth
D . Nominal Depth
170. The loops of reinforcing bars or wires enclosing longitudinal reinforcement in tied columns.
A . Hoops
C . Ties
B . Stirrups
D . Rebars
171. An uptight compression member with a ratio of unsupported height to average least lateral
dimension of less than 3.
A . Pedestal
C . Beam
B . Column
D . Pilaster
172. A 3 second gust speed at 10 meters above the ground in Exposure C and associated with an annual
probability of 0.02 of being equaled or exceeded (50 year mean recurrence interval)
A . Basic Wind Speed
C . Normal Wind Speed
B . Annual Wind Speed
D . Critical Wind Speed
173. A displacement of one level relative to the level above or below it.
A . Deflection
C . Storey Motion
B . Storey Displacement
D . Storey Drift
174. Splices of deformed bars shall be staggered in at least this value and in such a manner as to develop
at every section at least twice the calculated tensile force at that section but not less than 1.40 MPa.
A . 600 mm
C . 300 mm
B . 500 mm
D . 480 mm
Structural Design
82
175. A continuous reinforcing bar having a seismic hook at one end and a hook of not less than 90o with
at least a 6 d extension at the other end. It shall alternately engaged peripheral longitudinal bars.
A . Cross-tie
C . Splice
B . Anchorage
D . Stirrup
176. The required strength U to resist dead load (DL) and live load (LL) shall be at least:
A . U = 1.4DL + 1.7LL
C . U = 1.45DL + 1.75LL
B . U = 1.7DL + 1.4LL
D . U = 1.45DL + 1.45LL
177. The minimum concrete cover for non prestressed concrete beams and columns not exposed to
weather and not in contact with earth.
A . 20 mm
C . 24 mm
B . 40mm
D . 30 mm
178. The minimum ties or hoop diameter for bundled bars.

A . 6 mm
C . 10 mm
B . 8 mm
D . 12 mm
179. For cast-in-place construction, size (diameter) of spirals shall not be less than this value for 16 mm
through 32 mm longitudinal bars.
A . 6 mm
C . 10 mm
B . 8 mm
D . 12 mm
180. The minimum diameter bend for bars larger than 25mm diameter.
A . 6 db
C . 10 db
B . 8 db
D . 12 db
181. Slabs are designer per

A . Linear Meter
C . Cubic Meter
B . Square Foot
D . Cubit Foot
Structural Design
83
182. Slabs are structural members that are subjected to

A . Flexural Stress
C . Lateral Stress
B . Axial Stress
D . Shear Stress
183. Another term for stirrups and hoops.

A . Main Bars
C . Web Reinforcement
B . Tendons
D . Ties
184. A simply supported beam carrying a uniformly distributed load W in N/m in a span length of L in
meters, the maximum deflection at the support is:
A . 8=(5WL4) / (384EI)
C . 8=(WL3) / (8EI)
B . 8=(WL4) / (484EI)
D . 8=(WL2) / (4EI)
185. A simply supported beam carrying a uniformly distributed load W in N/m in a span length of L in
meters, the maximum deflection is at:
A . Supports
C . L/3
B . Midspan
D . L/4
186. The minimum size of a fillet weld.

A . 3 mm
C . 2 mm
B . 4 mm
D . 1.5 mm
186. In pin connected tension members, the pin diameter shall not be less than this values multiplied to
the eyebar width.
A . 1.0
C . 1/2
B . 3/4
D . 7/8
187. The modulus of elasticity of a structural steel.

A . Es = 200 GPa
C . Es = 100 GPa
B . Es = 250 GPa
D . Es = 200 MPa
Structural Design
84
188. This type is when the framing assumes that the beam-column connections have sufficient rigidity to
hold virtually the original angles and positions.
A . Semi-Rigid Frame
C . Braced Frame
B . Simple Frame
D . Rigid Frame
189. The recorded earthquake intensity dependent on how far away from its epicenter the observer it
located, rating intensities from I to XXL.
A . Earthquake Meter
C . Rossi-Ferrel Scale
B . Accelerometer
D . Modified Mercalli Scale
190. The frame of a building in which the resistance to lateral forces or to frame instability is provided
by diagonal bracing, K-bracing or any other types of bracing.
A . Box System
C . Free-form
B . Space Frame
D . Braced Frame
Structural Design
85
END OF SECTION B -02
= 66
T O TA L S C O R E
P E R C E N TA G E
END OF MODULE B
SECTION B - 01
SECTION B - 02
T O TA L S C O R E
P E R C E N TA G E

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STRUCTURAL

D . None of The Above

3. The distance between inflection point in the column when it breaks.

B . Cross Sectional Area

4. The amount of space measured in cubic units.

5. In the formula e=PL/AE, E stands for...??

7. The ratio of unit-stress to unit-strain.

D . None of the Above

14. A beam that projects beyond one or both of its supports.

D . None of The Above

D . Storage and Hazardous

24. Which of the following does not resist bending?

25. Which is an advantage of steel over concrete?

26. A type of stress developed that tends to elongate the structure.

28. A structural system without a complete load-carrying space frame.

C . Building Frame System

B . Bearing Wall System

29. Structural Elements that are subjected to transverse loads.

30. Also known as the buckling of a column.

31. Defined as the force per unit area.

D . All of The Above

D . None of The Above

38. Structural elements that are considered to be compressive members.

39. This states that stress is proportional to strain.

C . Newtons Third Law

42. This refers to movable and transferable loads.

44. Another term for bending stress.

45. An advantage of steel over concrete.

D . None of The Above

46. A type of stress developed that tends to split the structure.

C . Load Bearing Wall

51. Defined as the deformation per unit length.

D . All of The Above

53. A reinforced concrete slab that is supported on both sides.

C . NSCP Volume III

D . NSCP Volume IIII

C . Importance Safety Factor for Weight of Beams

B . Importance Safety Factor for Wind

D . Importance Safety Factor for Columns

D . None of The Above

60. A type of concrete floor which has no supporting beams.

D . None of The Above

64. Another term for rapid hardening cement.

65. Failure due to repeated pounding associated with high temperature.

66. An additive used to delay the hardening of fresh concrete.

67. Another term or description for aggregates.

68. The modulus of elasticity of structural steel.

B . Law of The Land

D . None of The Above

77. Addition or retention of water to the poured concrete mix.

78. The softening of soil due to excessive load.

80. The weight of steel per cubic meter.

B . Bearing Wall System

95. The weight of one (1) cubic meter of steel.

C . Early Setting Gunite

D . Rapid Accelerating Gunite

END OF SECTION A -01

B . Simply Supported Beam

C . Carry Over Moment

D . None of The Above

B . Soil Anti Settlement

124. Determination of the seismic effect on the structure.

D . None of the above