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& 2500 species [13]. It grows wild all over India & is also
planted as a roadside shrub & boundary marker in gardens.
Several members of the genus Caralluma have found
medicinal uses in the treatment of Rheumatism, Diabetes,
Leprosy, Antiseptics & Disinfectants [14]. The species of
Caralluma found in India are edible and form part of the
traditional medicine system of the country. Caralluma
fimbriata is listed in The Wealth of India (1992) as
medicinal plant used as an appetite suppressant and has also
been used to treat diabetic, pain, fever, and inflammation.
Native Indian diets over many centuries have included
these edible wild succulent cacti, with claims in folklore
about its Appetite Suppressant Activity. An investigation
was carried out to find out the effect of Caralluma
fimbriata extract on appetite, food intake and anthrometry
in adult Indian men and women [15]. The extract of
Caralluma fimbriata in the form of capsules, has been
released under the trade name GENASLIM for body weight
control.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Materials
The apocynaceae family members are mainly
distributed in the Himalayan, southern and western parts of
India. The plants chiefly inhabit arid soil. The plants were
collected from Pudukkottai (District), Tamil Nadu, India
and authenticated (Specimens No. BSI/SRC/5/23/0910/Tech-1569) in Botanical Survey of India, Coimbatore.
MS media, sucrose and all the chemicals for this study were
purchased from HiMedia, Mumbai, India. Glasswares were
purchased from Borosil, India.
Qualitative analysis of phytochemicals
Preparation for extracts
The plant was collected, washed and dried. Then it
was ground in a grinding machine to fine powder and
[(Abscontrol -Abssample)*100]
Abscontrol
Ethanol (1.0 ml) plus plant extract solution (2.5 ml) and
DPPH solution (1 ml , 0.3 mM) was used as the test
solution ,DPPH solution (1 ml, 0.3 mM) plus ethanol (2.5
ml) was used as the control. The positive controls were
those using the standard (Ascorbic acid) solutions. The IC50
values were calculated by linear regression of plots where
the abscissa represented the concentration of tested plant
and ordinate the average percent of antioxidant activity
from mean of three separate tests. Experiment was repeated
in triplicated.
Ferric Reducing power ability:
The reducing power of the extract was evaluated
according to the method of Yen and Chen [21]. A volume
of 1 ml extract with distilled water, 2.5 ml of phosphate
buffer (0.2m, pH 6.6) and 2.5ml 1% potassium ferricyanide
was added and incubated at 50C for 30 minutes. After that
2.5 ml of Trichloroacetic acid (10%) were added to the
mixture and centrifuged for 10 mins at 3000 rpm, 2.5 ml
from the upper part were diluted with 2.5 ml of water and is
shaken with 0.5 ml fresh 0.1% ferrous chloride. The
absorbance was measured at 700 nm. The reference
solution was prepared as above, but contained water instead
of the samples increased absorbance of the reaction mixture
incubated increased reducing power.
Concentration(g/ml)
Figure 1: DPPH radical scavenging activity
Concentration (g/ml)
Figure 4: Superoxide Scavenging Activity
1
2
3
4
Alkaloids
++
+
Glycosides
+
+
Flavonoids
++
+
Saponins
+++
++
Phenolic
5
++
+
Compounds
6
Quinone
+
+
7
Reducing Sugar
- Absence of Phytochemicals,
+, ++ Moderate of Phytochemicals,
Phytochemicals
+++ Presence of Phytochemicals
Aqueous
Extract
Phytochemicals
Methanol
Extract
Sr.
No
Ethyl
acetate
Extract
Concentration (g/ml)
Figure 2: Ferric reducing power ability
Ethanol
Extract
+++
++
++
+++
++
+
+
+++
++
++
-
+
-
Concentration (g/ml)
Figure 3: Antioxidant capacity by phosphomolybdate
method
Extract
Total Phenols %
Total Flavonoids %
Aqueous
Ethanol
Ethyl acetate
Methanol
0.402
0.5172
0.3968
0.971
0.1968
0.3897
0.1997
0.5022
CONCLUSION
In this work, the maximum extraction of phytochemicals
were obsereved in methanolic extract than ethanolic, ethyl
acetate and aqueous extract. The total flavonoids &
phenolic compounds were found to be maximum in
methanolic extract than ethanolic, ethyl
et
acetate and aqueous
extract which reveals that Caralluma fimbriata is highly