Modi Schemes - Technology Part 3 PDF

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Modi Schemes: Technology Part 3 PDF

#1.MAKE IN INDIA
VISION_
To become a manufacturing nation, India has to quickly move beyond rhetoric to create a
clear strategy and favourable policy environment for manufacturing to take off. A close
dialogue and partnership between government and the private sector is critical At this
moment, the Prime Ministers Make in India campaign appears to be exactly this an
imaginative marketing campaign. But there is much thought and even more work that is
required to convert this to reality.
Need of make in india_
The theory behind Make in India is as simple as it is compelling.
1.India must become a manufacturing powerhouse in order to gainfully employ its
demographic dividend.
2.Big labour pool and a large domestic market. In addition, with Chinas competitive
advantage in manufacturing eroding
3. India has the opportunity to take some share of global manufacturing away from China.
All we have to do to improve the ease of doing business in India are these_
stop tax terrorism

improve infrastructure
reform labour laws
invest in skills development
make it easier to acquire land
implement Goods and Services Tax (GST)
fast track approvals.
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EFFECTIVE STEPS ___

1.Global manufacturing hub_
This welcome emphasis in our foreign investment policy on efficient and competitive domestic
manufacturing will serve multiple objectives.
First and foremost, it will enhance job opportunities within the country,
second it will minimisze the imports of such products into the country, thereby
mitigating the pressure on our trade deficit.
third in the long run, if not in the near-term, it will help augment and diversify our
exports from the manufacturing sector
fourth it will help in bringing latest technologies into the countryand lastly, such
domestic manufacturing will help minimize some of the trade frictions we have with
other countries. The importance of domestic manufacturing with foreign investment in
reducing trade frictions with other countries is at present ignored or underestimated
2.Competitive environment-_
The best way to ensure that foreign investment is of a high quality and yields value to the
country is to have a policy framework that requires it to operate in an unprotected, open and
competitive environment, and not behind high tariff walls or import restrictions, nor with the
aid of subsidies or other giveaways.
encouragement of exports with various kinds of subsidies and prop-ups, and curtailment of
imports by high tariffs and other so-called trade remedy measures like anti-dumping or
countervailing duties or other import restrictions.
Encouragement of domestic manufacturing of world-class standards, either by domestic or
foreign investors or both, has not been a major objective of our foreign trade policy so
far.Our foreign trade policy must recognise that encouragement of domestic manufacturing of
world-class standards, catering solely even to our own market, is a preferable alternative to
protection and subsidisation through high tariffs, trade remedy measures and financial
giveaways.
3.Ensure IP protection
IPRs do not consist only of pharmaceutical patents as is commonly understood in our country
they include as well copyright (computer software in our country is protected by copyright),
trademarks, trade secrets, geographical indications, designs, trade secrets, business
confidential information and data, and the like.Even if our IPR policies do not have domestic
manufacturing as a central objective, they need to be implemented in such a way that they
do not impede or deter technology-oriented domestic investments from foreign investors.
Our intellectual property laws are largely in conformity with international standards as
reflected in the TRIPS Agreement of the WTO and other international conventions to which we
have subscribed. Yet we tend to create an impression around the world that we do not value
intellectual property or respect its adequate protection.
4.Address local woes
One other aspect that does not fall within the ambit of the aforesaid policies, but which is
crucial to competitive domestic manufacturing needs to be touched upon here. Among the
major reasons for our domestic industry being competitively disadvantaged vis-a-vis the rest
of the world, two stand out prominently: first, the inadequacy and poor quality of our
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infrastructure, and second, the high cost of our capital. While protection and subsidisation is
not the solution, this huge disadvantage faced by the domestic industry requires to be
addressed with priority and ways and means found to mitigate it.
STRATEGIES FOR VARIOUS SECTORS _
1.Energy factor
This is an attractive proposed that has a lot of merit. A simple step of making it easier to do
business will make a huge difference to Indias manufacturing competitiveness. It is one
plank of a manufacturing strategy. India ranks 142 on the World Bank Index; China is ranked
90. If we were to improve by just 50 places, it would be a huge perceptual breakthrough.
However, this is not a manufacturing strategy in itself.
As Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Governor Raghuram Rajan correctly and controversially
pointed out, much has changed in the world since China elbowed itself into becoming the
worlds factory two decades ago. The nature of manufacturing is changing. Low-cost
automation and robotics are making pure labour cost arbitrage less important. Lead times
and a flexibility of supply chains are far more important, leading many companies to move
manufacturing back closer to the big markets, the United States and Europe
2.Industrial policy_
To become a manufacturing powerhouse, India needs a manufacturing strategy, otherwise
known as industrial policy. The idea of an industrial policy is out of vogue these days. It is
seen as ineffective at best and even retrograde, running contrary to the idea of free trade.
This is patent nonsense. Japan, Korea, China, Germany have all prospered by having a clear
industrial policy and vigorously implementing it. The U.S., the United Kingdom, France and
Italy have seen themselves deindustrialise by not having a clear industrial policy and are
trying hard to course-correct this mistake. Policy has always mattered and when it comes to
manufacturing competitiveness, India must have a clear industrial policy that spells out
priority sectors and how we will build competitive advantage in a way that is consistent with
our obligations to the World Trade Organization (WTO).
We must focus on building competitive advantage and global scale in sectors where we have
a large domestic market and certain inherent capabilities. Strategy is all about making
choices.
Here,five priority industries come to mind. Defence, because we are the worlds leading arms
importer. Localising what we buy as a condition for all defence deals along with a willingness
to allow majority foreign ownership can turbocharge our local defence industry.
The second critical industry is electronics hardware.India imports $45 billion of mobile
phones, computers and communications hardware; by 2020, this is projected to grow to
$300 billion and exceed our oil import bill.
This is unsustainable. We have to create policy incentives to create a local electronic
hardware manufacturing ecosystem. Since most component suppliers, Original Equipment
Manufacturers and Original Design Manufacturers are Chinese, this will necessarily imply
incentivising Chinese companies to establish factories in India.
The size of our domestic market should make this possible. Concerns about security are
misplaced; all our personal computers, cellphones and a lot of switches and routers are
already made in China, so we are conceding nothing.
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3.CONSTRUCTION
India will invest a trillion dollars over the coming years in improving infrastructure. We need
to create incentives that not only spur investment in manufacturing materials such as cement
and steel but also construction equipment, locomotives, power generation equipment and so
on. Everything we install should be made in India.
4.HEALTH CARE
Indias generic pharmaceutical industry is world class. We must not concede on intellectual
property rights that neutralise our advantage. India is also exceedingly good at frugal
innovation in medical devices such as low cost X-ray and ECG machines. We have a real shot
at being a world leader in innovation and manufacturing in this space.
Finally, agro-industries. We are one of the largest agricultural nations. A third of what we
grow just rots and spoils. Investing in agro-industries such as food processing and
establishing a reliable cold chain would make a huge difference in terms of rural employment
and food security. If we had to pick just five industries where we want to bootstrap a strong
competitive advantage it would be these. In other industries, whether it be textiles, toys, or
automotive, we need to ensure that we do not disadvantage local manufacturing.
Creating ecosystems
Another critical strategic question is this: where do we want to make things? It is difficult to
make a country the size of India into a uniformly attractive manufacturing location. Even
China started its manufacturing odyssey by creating a few oases in the form of four special
economic zones which were remarkably easy places to manufacture in. Where is India going
to start its global odyssey? Manufacturing is all about hubs that are ecosystems for
innovation, specialised skills and supply chains.
Where will Indias hubs be for pharma, for defence, for electronics, for machinery and
construction equipment? How do we catalyse these hubs by creating world-class academic
institutions and skills training institutes? What incentives will attract the worlds leading
companies to establish global innovation and manufacturing centres in these hubs? Pune,
Chennai, Bengaluru and Delhi are already emergent hubs but what will enable them to scale
up to compete with Shenzen and Tianjin?
CONCLUSION_
To become a manufacturing nation, India has to quickly move beyond rhetoric to
create a clear strategy and favourable policy environment for manufacturing to take
off.
The government has chosen to quietly dismantle the sclerotic National Manufacturing
Competitiveness Council (NMCC) but it needs to foster a more vibrant think tank in its
place. A close dialogue and partnership between government and the private sector,
both domestic and foreign, is critical.
Indian companies along with Chinese, Japanese, German, American and Swedish
companies are all vital partners and we must create an environment that is open and
welcoming. For this, the right leadership of this vital mission is critical. There is a clear
and short-lived window of opportunity to become a manufacturing nation. We must not
squander it.
RECENT IN NEWS -MAKE IN INDIA _ intiatives _
Spice Group said it would start a mobile phone manufacturing unit in Uttar Pradesh with
an investment of 500 crore
SAMSUNG --MSME-Samsung Technical Schools" will be established in India
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Hitachi said it was committed to the initiative, It said that an auto-component plant will be
set up in Chennai in 2016
Huawei opened a new research and development (R&D) campus in Bengaluru
AIRBUS with MAHENDRA said that it will manufacture its products in India and invest $
2 Billion US dollars.
Marine Products Export Development Authority said that it was interested in supplying
shrimp eggs to shrimp farmers in India under the initiative
Tata JLR (Jaguar Land-Rover) announced that it will move its production of the Land
Rover Defender to its Pune facility in India in 2016
# 2- Digital india
Digital India is a Programme to prepare India for a knowledge future
The focus is on being transformative to realize IT + IT = IT
The focus is on making technology central to enabling change.
It is an Umbrella Programme covering many departments.
It weaves together a large number of ideas and thoughts into a single, comprehensive
vision so that
each of them is seen as part of a larger goal.
Each individual element stands on its own. But is also part of the larger picture.
It is coordinated by DeitY, implemented by the entire government both at the Centre
and State.
The weaving together makes the Mission transformative in totality
The Programme_
Pulls together many existing schemes.
These schemes will be restructured and re-focused.
They will be implemented in a synchronized manner.
Many elements are only process improvements with minimal cost.
The common branding of programmes as Digital India highlights their transformative
impact.
Vision of Digital India Centered on 3 Key Areas-_

Digital Infrastructure as a Utility to Every Citizen
Governance & Services on Demand
Digital Empowerment of Citizens
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KEY components of digital india

1.digital infrastructure-to support national optic fiber
2.INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT)-essential building of smart cities
3.Foreign ICT investments -- make in india policy
9 pillars of digital india
Broadband Highways
Universal Access to Mobile Connectivity
Public Internet Access Programme
E-Governance Reforming government through Technology
eKranti Electronic delivery of services
Information for All
Electronics Manufacturing Target NET ZERO Imports
IT for Jobs
Early Harvest Programmes
Digital india targets
1.Broadband for all Rural--> Coverage: 250,000 GP -------->1yr: 50,000 GP
Timeline: December 2016 ----->2yr: 100,000 GP
CAPEX: Rs 32,000 Cr
----->3yr: 100,000 Gp
Nodal Dept: DoT
2.Broadband for all urban_
Virtual Network Operators for service delivery.
Mandate communication infrastructure in new
urban development and buildings.

3.National Information Infrastructure
Coverage: Nationwide
Timeline: March 2017
Cost: Rs 15,686 Cr
Nodal Dept: DeitY

DIGITAL INDIA intiatives _
India's top billionaires pledged around Rs 4.5 lakh crore to projects related to Digital
Indiagenerate employments for some 18 lakh people.
government's Rs 1.13-lakh-crore Digital India programme, saying it had the potential

to bridge the digital divide and benefit billions of people through digital solutions in
education, healthcare and irrigation sectors.
Tata Consultancy Services which is majority owned by the Tata Group, has been an
active contributor to e-governance programmes and the company will hire 60,000 IT
professionals this year.
Reliance Industries Chairman Mukesh Ambani said his company would invest Rs 2.5
lakh crore across different Digital India heads
Digital India where 1.2 billion connected Indians drive the nation," said the Prime
Minister at the launch of the Digital India Week, which will take technology to the
villages and block levels over the course of the next week.
Kumar Mangalam Birla, chairman of the Aditya Birla Group, which owns telecom
company Idea Cellular, said it would leverage its network of 165 million subscribers
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across 350,000 towns and villages in India to provide mobile-based healthcare and
education services as well as weather forecasting advisories and 'mandi' prices to over
one million farmers.
Bharathi Mittal said his company would build on India's existing extensive telecom
network and spend over Rs 1 lakh crore in the next five years. Bharti group company
Bharti Airtel is India's largest mobile phone operator.
Reliance Group Chairman Anil Ambani, who helms Airtel's rival telco Reliance
Communications, pledged to invest Rs 10,000 crore to fund transformational initiatives
across the cloud, digital and telecom space.
Vedanta Resources Chairman Anil Agarwal, to provide education through digital

medium, or e-Shikhsha. We have set up a prototype near Delhi where children will be
provided e-Shikhsha and women will be taught skill development.
Digital India programme, it will empower women and improve health and education of
children," he said. He also announced an investment of Rs 40,000 crore to set up an
LCD fab which could potentially employ 50,000 people. The fab is aimed at reducing
the electronics import by 20 per cent, in line with Prime Minister Modi's vision to reduce
dependence on electronics imports.
Intel keen to partner Digital India initiative
#3-SKILL INDIA
After Make in India and Digital India, the government is expected to come up with a revised
skill development policy or the Skill India scheme by March 2015, minister of state for skill
development and entrepreneurship Sarbananda Sonowal
TARGET_
The new scheme is expected to move beyond the target of skilling 500 million youth by 2020
that was set by the UPA government.
Focusonyouth
With a focus on creating jobs for youth, the government has decided to revamp the
antiquated industrial training centres that will skill over 20 lakh youth annually and devise
special courses based on industry needs.
The move is a part of the labour ministrys massive overhaul of the near obsolete Industrial
Training Institutes (ITIs) and skill development institutes that would now be armed with
revised curricula, new courses and an expanded reach across the country.
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ITI Skill Centres_

The ministry, will set up 1,500 new ITIs across the country and another 100-odd such
centres in North East and Left Wing Extremism affected states, has also taken advice from
Prime Minister Narendra Modi to locate some of these institutes in industrial clusters.
Based on inputs from the Prime Minister, the new institutes will not only be set up in so far
uncovered areas but majorly in industrial clusters so that students can be trained
according to industry needs and placed with these companies said a senior official
involved in the development, adding that the first preference to requests from industry.
But while these ITIs will be set up by the year-end, the ministry has also decided to allow
the existing institutes to meet the immediate needs of industry by offering courses of their
interest.
To this end, the ministry has also decided to formulate courses for the skill development
institutes based on industry needs. Firms will have to sign agreements with the Directorate
General of Employment and Training to avail these specialised courses and will recruit at least
80 per cent of the students for a minimum of six months. The specialised courses will be run
for an 18 month period and based on their success in terms of placement will be continued on
a permanent basis.
There has already been a lot of interest from companies in sectors such as manufacturing,
construction, chemical and even e-commerce. We will be holding discussions with industry
chambers later this month, said the official.
Industries with at least 300 permanent workers can sign such MoUs with the DGET. The
labour ministry is also banking on the over 2,500 industry bodies in the MSME sector to
recruit the students.
PM Narendra Modi has stressed on his vision of transforming the country into a Skilled India
and the government is expected to go much beyond the targets set by the UPA government.
Currently, there are 11,000-odd ITIs being run by the government as well as on PPP basis
with a seating capacity of 15.5 lakh students. The new ITIs being planned will train 4.5 lakh
students.
The labour ministry is also fixing the biggest challenge before these ITIs in attracting
students outdated curricula that had little use for continued
*Finance Minister Arun Jaitley said the government plans to launch a
National Skills Mission through the Skill Development and Entrepreneurship
Ministry*
In his budget speech, he said that the mission would consolidate all skill development
initiatives which are spread across several Ministries.
Key factors_
India is one of the youngest nations in the world with more than 54 per cent of the total
population below 25 years of age. Yet today less than 5 per cent of our potential workforce
gets formal skill training to be employable and stay employable, Mr. Jaitley said.
He said that the Deen Dayal Upadhyay Grameen Kaushal Yojana was launched to enhance
the employability of rural youth which is the key to unlocking Indias demographic dividend. A
sum of Rs. 1,500 crore was allocated for this scheme in the budget, for which disbursement
will be through a digital voucher directly into qualified students bank account.
The Union Budget 2015 paved way for the launch of a much-awaited National Skills Mission to
complement Prime Minister Narendra Modis Skill India and Make in India exhortations.
However, much work needs to be done on the ground for the government to prove that this
step is a departure from rhetoric lip service.
Problems to over take_
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1.The magnitude of the problem has been analysed by numerous experts for a country that
adds 12 million people to its workforce every year, less than 4 per cent have ever received
any formal training. Our workforce readiness is one of the lowest in the world and a large
chunk of existing training infrastructure is irrelevant to industry needs.
2.This is not as much due to lack of monetary investment as it is a predicament about grossly
inefficient execution. The government already spends several thousand crores every year on
skill development schemes through over 18 different Central government Ministries and State
governments. The need of the hour is to improve resource utilisation and find solutions that
can address the systemic and institutional bottlenecks constraining the sector.
3.Keeping in mind the revised National Skill Development Policy due to be announced in a few
months that will also outline the contours of the National Skills Mission, we present an
analysis of three priority areas that the government needs to address.
# 4-Smart cities
uses digital technologies to enhance performance and well being, to reduce costs and
resource consumption, and to engage more effectively and actively with its citizens.
* Key 'smart' sectors which includes__
Transport
Energy
Health care
Water and waste
A smart city should be able to respond faster to city and global challenges than one with a
simple 'transactional' relationship with its citizens
terms that have been used for similar concepts include cyberville, digital city, electronic
communities, flexicity, information city, 'intelligent city', knowledge-based city, 'MESH
city', telecity, teletopia, 'Ubiquitous city', wired city.
COMMERCIALISATION_
Large IT and telecommunication companies such as Cisco, IBM, and Microsoft have developed
new solutions and initiatives for intelligent cities as well. Cisco, launched the Global Intelligent
Urbanization initiative to help cities around the world using the network as the fourth utility
for integrated city management, better quality of life for citizens, and economic development.
IBM announced its SmarterCities to stimulate economic growth and quality of life in cities
and metropolitan areas with the activation of new approaches of thinking and acting in the
urban ecosystem.
CRISTISM_
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The main arguments against the superficial use of this concept in the policy arena are_
A bias in strategic interest may lead to ignoring alternative avenues of promising urban
development.
The focus of the concept of smart city may lead to an underestimation of the possible
negative effects of the development of the new technological and networked
infrastructures needed for a city to be smart.
As a globalized business model is based on capital mobility, following a businessoriented model may result in a losing long term strategy: "The 'spatial fix' inevitably
means that mobile capital can often 'write its own deals' to come to town, only to move
on when it receives a better deal elsewhere. This is no less true for the smart city than
it was for the industrial (or)manufacturing city.
NEED OF SMART CITIES INDIA

India has a population of 1.27 billion plus, and growing
To accommodate rapid urbanization, the Government of India has allocated Rs. 6,000
crore for the smart cities project and to develop infrastructure in another 500 cities
Most other funding will come from Indian and overseas private sector companies
The exhibition and conference will connect Indian and foreign exhibitors, with various
ministries, state governments, municipal bodies, industry leaders, decision makers,
and stakeholders, who are developing smart cities
The platform will attract government officials, investors, industry leaders and experts
from around the globe to discuss and exchange ideas, information, project reports,
etc., on the opportunities and future requirements for developing smart cities in India
We invite you to participate at the event as an exhibitor, sponsor, visitor or speaker
Policy to boost smart cities
1.govt could drop all conditions regarding FDI in constrction for smart cities
2.special despension for afforable housing too
3.govt plan to built 100 smart cities
4.A cabinet note is readied for policy change
5.Relaxation for genaral FDI condition for constrction likely too
*SMART CITIES - Assistance from other countries
SINGAPORE --100 smart cities across the country
USA--AJMER, AHEMEBAD, VISHAPATNAM
JAPAN--VARANASI
FRANCE --Pondicherry and Nagpur & gujarat
SPAIN ---DELHI
ISREAL -- Maharastra
CHINA -PUNE
CHINA - Andhrapradesh
JAPAN --MUMBAI
AUSTRALIA-- ATAL scheme
AUSTRIA -- JNNURM
GERMANY --3 more smart cities * no mentiones cities
CANADA -- Wooden multi-storey housing technology in urban cities
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LIST OF 100 PROPOSED SMART CITIES__

1. Pune - Maharashtra
2. Mumbai - Maharashtra
3. Nagpur - Maharashtra
4. Nashik - Maharashtra
5. Aurangabad - Maharashtra
6. Bhivandi - Maharashtra
7. Calcutta - West Bengal
8. Durgapur - West Bengal
9. Haldia - West Bengal
10. Habra - West Bengal
11. Jangipur - West Bengal
12. Ahmedabad - Gujarat
13. Surat - Gujarat
14. Vadodara - Gujarat
15. Rajkot - Gujarat
16. Bhavnagar - Gujarat
17. Junagadh - Gujarat
18. Gandhi Nagar - Gujarat
19. Bhopal - Madhya Pradesh
20. Indore - Madhya Pradesh
21. Gwalior - Madhya Pradesh
22. Burhanpur - Madhya Pradesh
23. Jabalpur - Madhya Pradesh
24. Chennai - Tamil Nadu
25. Coimbatore - Tamil Nadu
26. Madurai - Tamil Nadu
27. Tiruchirappalli - Tamil Nadu
28. Salem - Tamil Nadu
29. Tirunelveli - Tamil Nadu
30. Bangalore - Karnataka
31. Gulbarga - Karnataka
32. Bidar - Karnataka
33. Bijapur - Karnataka
34. Badami - Karnataka
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35.
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Pattadakal - Karnataka
Mahakuta - Karnataka
Thiruvananthapuram - Kerala
Kollam - Kerala
Kottayam - Kerala
Tiruvalla - Kerala
Ernakulam - Kerala
Cochin - Kerala
Thrissur - Kerala
Hyderabad - Telangana
Warangal - Telangana
Karimnagar - Telangana
Nizamabad - Telaganana
Nalgonda - Telangana
Guntur - Andhra Pradesh
Vijayawada - Andhra Pradesh
Kurnool - Andhra Pradesh
Chittoor - Andhra Pradesh
Kanpur - Uttar Pradesh
Allahabad - Uttar Pradesh
Lucknow - Uttar Pradesh
Jhansi - Uttar Pradesh
Faizabad - Uttar Pradesh
Varanasi - Uttar Pradesh
Jaipur - Rajasthan
Ajmer - Rajasthan
Bharatpur - Rajasthan
Bikaner - Rajasthan
Jodhapur - Rajasthan
Kota - Rajasthan
Udipur - Rajasthan
Ludhiana - Punjab
Amritsar - Punjab
Jalandhar - Punjab
Patiala - Punjab
Muzaffarapur - Bihar
Patna - Bihar
Gaya - Bihar
Bhagalpur - Bihar
Bihar Sharif - Bihar
Faridabad - Haryana
Gurgaon - Haryana
Panipat - Haryana
Ambala - Haryana
Guwahati - Assam
Tinsukia - Assam
Odalguri - Assam
Tangla - Assam
Goalpara - Assam
Bhubaneswar - Odisha
Cuttack - Odisha
Rourkela - Odisha
Sambalpur - Odisha
Balasore - Odisha
Shimla - Himachal Pradesh
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90. Dehradoon - Uttarakhand
91. Haridwar - Uttarakhand
92. Roorkee - Uttarakhand
93. Jamshedpur - Jharkhand
94. Dhanbad - Jharkhand
95. Ranchi - Jharkhand
96. Gangtok - Sikkim
97. Pelling - Sikkim
98. Yuksam - Sikkim
99. Bishnupur - Manipur
100. Chandel - Manipur
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