NARRATIVE REPORT IN SOCIOLOGY with ANTHROPOLOGY:

GOVERNMENT POLITICS AND ECONOMIC INSTITUTIONS

Let me first open the topic regarding GOVERNMENT POLITICS. It is a major social
institution which involves the organization of power in society. It means that it is a system
involving persons with knowledge in governing society as a whole. It has two (2) characteristics:
power and authority, in order to bring up the best in a society, because without this 2 progress
and development would become impossible. In government politics, there are three (3) types of
authority: First is traditional authority in which it is recognized by generations of people as
extending back in society`s collective memory, traditional social patterns become nearly sacred.
An example of this is the ancient Chinese civilization. It is when Chinese emperors passed their
governance to their members of the family who is qualified for that position. Second is
RATIONAL-LEGAL AUTHORITY, an example of this is when there is a king`s brother which
is a prince; but brothers and sisters of American presidents rarely attract much public notice, and
exercise no authority unless they too, hold office or power to rule. The third is CHARISMATIC
AUTHORITY is the people in here may seek and can make their own rules and regulation during
his or her term. An example of this can be seen in religious leaders like Buddha, Jesus of
Nazareth. Mahatma Gandhi is also a good example in charismatic authority because he inspired
the struggle to free india from colonialism of Britain. And also, Martin Luther King Jr. , wherein
he fight against civil injustice in the United States of America. In term of politics in historical
perspective: my example is the Vatican city whom before was part of Italy, today became a
politically independent city-states. As the time goes by, the political aspect evolves towards
nations. It is a sign that it changes from time to time. And now lets move on to the next topic
POLITICAL SYSTEM. It has 4 types: MONARCHY- which is always ruled by the kings and the
queens. An example of this is the royal family of Great Britain, wherein they pass their
governance on the next son of the reigning king of that country. DEMOCRACY- in the
Philippines, we are experiencing freedom because of we are a democratic country. In here,
individuals rarely participate or cooperate directly in the decision making of the officials. Next is
the AUTHORITARIANISM- it is more commonly more on batas- militar and dictatorships. An
example is the regime of the late President Ferdinand Marcos in the Philippines, the Duvalier
family in Haiti, and Manuel Noriega in Panama experienced authoritarianism. And lastly,
TOTALITARIANISM- this is more intense that authoritarian. Example is in the Peoples
republic of China, they think to represent the will of the people but instead of doing it, and they
just follow the will of the government. In here, people do not practice their right of speaking.
And the last topic involve in government politics is the relationship of politics to: family,
religion, education and economy. The key to a successful leadership or politics is the search for
power and authority. According to Bertrand Russel in his book, POWER, a new Social analysis
says that power in politics is like energy in Physics in that, it is the driving force that penetrates
the whole body politics. In the Philippines, election period is open. Lets vote wisely para hindi
magsisi sa huli. Great power comes great responsibility according to Superman. Actions

determine the kind of governance politicians would do. Actions of the leaders affect the family,
religion education and economy as a whole.

Lets move on to the next major topic: ECONOMIC INSTITUTIONS. People needs
food, clothing and shelter ( a basic necessity of people ).We people value goods and services
because we need this for our survival and make this life more easy to handle. The things that
what we produce and consume is important for our self-concept and identities. In addition to
Agricultural Revolution, the household usually include several male apprentice to work and pay
for , as they develop their potentials and brings out the best in them. In Industrial Revolution,
when a person becomes 18 years old, he or she is capable or qualified to work in a factory to
earn a living on their own. In the Post- industrial society, it also involves further change in the
location of work. In here, computers, fax machines, and other new information technology
allows workers not to do hard tasks and to make life easier, people used electronic devices to
consume time and exert less effort. Comparative economic systems includes: CAPITALISM
AND SOCIALISM. Capitalism has 3 features: PRIVATE OWNERSHIP OF PROPERTY has a
rule: the more the capitalist the economy is, the more private ownership extends to wealthproducing property. Factories, Retail stores, real estate may be under this feature. According to
Scottish economist Adam Smith, the PURSUIT OF PERSONAL PROFIT benefits everyone. He
also adds, a selfish orientation on the part of individuals, leads an entire society to wealth and
prosperity. (1973:508; orig. 1776). FREE COMPETITION AND CONSUMERS
SOVEREIGNTY assumes more on so called laissez-faire, (a French expression meaning to
leave alone). It means that everyone is entitled to have or own a business to boost more money
that in return will benefit the economy and the nation as well. And the next is SOCIALISM
which is based on a collective ownership. An example for this is a multi-national corporation.
Under DEMOCRATIC SOCIALISM , the government owns a number of industries and services
like mining, transportation, education and health care. The income that came from those
industries above will soon provide funds for social welfare program like livelihood program in
order to help the less fortunate member of the society. An example for this is the country Sweden
where 13 percent of economic production is government owned. PERESTROIKA is a second
socialist revolution. An example for this is the Russian revolution in 1971 sought to overthrow
the entrenched bureaucracy that has ruled the Soviet Union ever since. Another scenario is goes
like this, food stores is lacking on the supplies of meats and vegetables because of too much
demand on the said product, while other food remains on the shelves of the store. It is because of
the rate of change takes place. And the next topic would be PROFESSIONS, according to W.
Goode, 1960, a profession is a prestigious white-collar occupation that requires a formal
education. In here, there are 4 characteristics of professions: 1. Theoretical knowledge- is more
on the occupations of the Medical team like physicians that help understand human health and
illness. 2. Self- regulated training and practice- in here formal degree is a requirement in order to
practice your profession. 3. Authority over clients- in here, the people in authority expect
clients or should I say the citizen to follow their direction and advice. An example is a police

officer. And lastly, Community orientation rather than self-interest- it means that professionals
under this profession are ready to serve and give the needs of clients and the welfare of the
community as whole. An example for this is a professional such as college professors, who
contributes to the well-being of his\her students. THE ECONOMY OF THE 21st CENTURY
changes from time to time also. Many inventors invent useful things to make life easier and
comfortable. As the country develops more and more, the economy of that place will bloom also.
The society is increasingly bound together into a global economic system. The consequences for
global economic development are a long and tough issue and it is a matter of continuing
controversy.