Chapter 2

Work during Homeward Voyage

Work during homeward voyage
The work mentioned below should be performed in principle, during the homeward voyage. Note
however, that some of the tasks below may not be limited only to the homeward voyage and should be
judged according to the conditions.

1. Pipeline pressure test and equipment test (P.2-2 to P.2-13)

Perform tests on the lines and equipment used for discharging cargo.
1) Pressure test of cargo lines and crude oil lines
2) Functional and tripping tests of cargo pump and tank cleaning pump
Perform pressure tests of cargo main line used for discharging cargo and COW line to confirm that the
lines are working properly. The test should also check for existence of oil leaks from pipelines and
include a part of valve leak test. The test pressure should be 110% of the operating pressure. The time
required for the line pressure test is about three hours. After the line pressure test is completed, carry
out the functional and tripping tests of all pumps used for discharging cargo. When these tests are
completed, strip the lines and the pumps.

2. Malacca/Singapore strait draft adjustments (P.2-14)

Trim and list (heel) adjustments may be necessary when the ship passes through the Malacca/Singapore
strait. Following two trim adjustments methods are available.
1) By shifting the cargo oil
2) By ballasting

3. Ullage, oil temperature and water measurement (P.2-15)

Generally, ullage, oil temperature and water measurements are carried out as part of the charterer's
instructions after completion of loading work in calm sea conditions and before (after) entering the
discharging port. If water measurement is performed after loading, the accuracy is unsatisfactory, and it
needs to be performed again at an appropriate time. For this reason, ullage, oil temperature and water
measurements should be performed using MMC in calm water areas such as the Malacca/Singapore
strait and the quantity of oil calculated. The results of the measurements should be reported according
to the charterer's instructions.

(Navigation) 2- 1
2002/3 (Ver.2)

1.

Pipeline and equipment tests

Click here to view video 095.mp4

1.1

Pipeline pressure test

Pressure tests of the lines mentioned below should be carried out. The pressure used should generally
be 110% of the pressure used for discharging cargo/COW pressure.
1) Crude oil washing line
2) Cargo main line
1.1.1 Items to be considered for the pipeline pressure test
Consider the points below when performing the line pressure test.
1) When filling an empty pipe with liquid for carrying out the line pressure test:
(1) The density of water is about 800 times the density of air
(2) Resistance of a fluid is proportional to the density of the fluid
The test should be performed with care bearing in mind the two points mentioned above.
When filling the pipe with liquid while bleeding out gas, if the line for bleeding out gas from the
cargo/COW line is comparatively small in diameter, the throttling effect and the water hammer effect
due to resistance of the liquid may occur when the liquid arrives at the gas bleed line.
The liquid should be filled in gradually in order to prevent these phenomena. Whenever possible, a
relatively large diameter pipe should be used in the gas bleed line.
2) At ports with draft restrictions, there is a tendency to adjust trim rigorously while neglecting the list
adjustment. Adequate care should be taken to prevent unexpected increase in draft and adjustments
should be made at the completion of line pressure test such that the ship is upright.
3) The Engine Department should be notified well beforehand the day of implementation of the
functional test of equipment since the test items are large in number so that the work can be
coordinated smoothly.
4) We recommend that this opportunity be made use of to carryout the functional tests mentioned
below of the various equipment installed in the pump room.
a) Bilge alarm test
b) Fire damper functional test
c) Gas sensitivity (calibration) test of gas detection and alarm system
d) Sea chest leak test (refer to "8. Sea chest valve leak test" on P4-33 of the "Navigation Section.")
* About flooding damper
1) The flooding damper (exhaust fan component) in the pump room is capable of the changeover
functions mentioned below. Generally, only the lower damper is opened during use.
2) When oil floods the lower part of the pump room, close the lower damper and open the upper
damper.
3) Piping is installed in the exhaust fan duct for detecting or sensing gas during inspections.
1.1.2 Pump used for pipeline pressure test
Various methods are available for carrying out the pipeline pressure test. The method should be
selected to suit the actual conditions on the ship and the pump to be used.
1) Use the TCP for carrying out the line pressure test. The line can be pressurized using the stripping
pump but the pump capacity is small (200 m3/h), therefore, the TCP is generally used for this test.
2) The COW line pressure test is generally carried out using the TCP but sometimes the cargo main
line pressure test may be implemented using the respective cargo pump. Functional tests such as
the tripping test of the cargo pump should also be carried out simultaneously with the pressure test.
3) Line stripping should be carried out using the stripping pump after draining out the oil remaining in
the deck line to the tank.

(Navigation) 2- 2
2002/3 (Ver.2)

1.1.3 Preparations and checks

Make the preparations and checks mentioned below before carrying out the line pressure test.
1) Prepare the plan for implementing the line pressure test and hold a meeting before the work
2) Select the pump to be used and prepare a line diagram
3) Make full-fledged preparations for adopting measures to prevent pollution of the sea due to oil
spills referring to the CHECK LIST FOR CRUDE OIL TANKER NO.2(A).
4) Check the open/shut positions of valves (implementation of "zero start")
5) Confirm that all the bolts of the manifold blind plate have been tightened.
6) Mount one pressure gauge on any one inner lines of the manifold gate valves (the inner line is
common) and on each of the outer lines of the gate valve.
7) A wooden hammer is effective for checking whether the pipeline is filled adequately with oil during
the line pressure test.
8) Confirm that all the scuppers are closed.
9) Make preparations for equipment and tools to prevent oil pollution
10) Make preparations for surface valve and oil recovery air pump
11) Measure ullage of cargo tanks from the CCR before implementing the test.
12) Check stationing of crew members.
13) Enforce ventilation control of accommodation spaces
14) Enforce ventilation of pump room by fans.
1.1.4 Pressure test of COW line
(Refer to "Fig. N-2-1 Line Diagram" on P2-50, "Fig. N-2-2 Line Diagram" on P2-51, "Fig. N-2-3
Line Diagram" on P2-52 ,"Fig. N-2-4 Line Diagram" on P2-53 and Fig.N-2-5 Line Diagram on
P2-54 all in the "Documents Section.")
Oil is delivered from 3 P/S and recovered in 3 P/S in the method described below.
1) Ensure that the suction of the gas bleed line in the COW main line is appropriate.
If 1P/S or 1C has the same grade of oil as in 3P/S, open the COW machine valve or the COW line gas
intake valve. If there are other tanks, select the tank closer to the bow whenever possible. If other
tanks are not available, the 3P/S tank may be selected without any problems.
2) For details of the valve opening/closing sequence and other precautions, refer to "Chapter 2 Start of
Discharging Work" in the "Discharging Section."
With the valve lineup used for the tank main line, prime all the TCP and COP pumps.
Before operating the valves, station a pump operator in the pump room and again inform the deck workers
about the method to be used for the test.

3)

Deck master valve

V321,V322,V323

Open

Crossover valve

V331,V332,V333

Open

Crossover gas intake valve

V388,389

Open

4)

COW master valve

V511, V512

Open

5)

3 P/S tank main valve

V233, V231

Open

(Navigation) 2- 3
2002/3 (Ver.2)

6)

Valves
associated
priming line

with V111, V112, V151, V152, V122, V153,

Open
V132, V154, V143

7)

Valves associated with discharge line

V114, V124, 134

Open

8) Open the TCP delivery valve V145 from the crack open position to 10% open position and prime
the suction line. After priming is completed, fully close the delivery valve.

TCP delivery valve

V145

Slightly open

V145

10%Open

V145

Fully close

9) From the No. 1 COP, open the delivery valve of each pump from the crack open position to 10%
open position and prime the suction line. When priming is completed, fully close the respective
delivery valves.
Close V114, V124 and V134.

Valves associated with delivery line V114, V124, 134

Fully close

Port side

V354, V358, V360, V362

Open

Riser common valve

V114, V124

Open

Deck master valve

V321, V322, V333

Open

Crossover valve

V331, V332, V333

Open

Return line to 5C

V144, V174, V176, V182

Open

10) Request the Engine Department to start the TCP.

11) Confirm that deck ratings are stationed at relevant stations on the deck.
Station the ratings at the front end of the COW main line, near the COW machine valve, near the
manifold crossover valve, midway between the manifold and the pump room and at the exit of the
pump room.
12) When TCP starts, confirm that the governor is working effectively and slightly open the delivery
valve.
Start bleeding gas from the COW main line. Start the operation slowly taking care to avoid abrupt
delivery of oil.
13) Ensure that the deck rating taps the line lightly using the wooden hammer and confirms from the
sound whether oil has been filled in the line.
14) When the gas bleeding of the COW main line is completed, slowly close the COW machine valve
or the COW line gas intake valve until the valve is fully closed.
15) Ensure that the pressure readings on the pressure gauges at the front end of the COW line and at
the entrance of the pump room are reported, compare these values with the values indicated in the
CCR. Gradually raise the pressure while comparing the pressure values.
16) Keep the TCP delivery valve open by about 30% so that it can be closed immediately upon
occurrence of an oil leak.
17) Inspect the COW line, check for the presence of leaks and report.
If there is no abnormality, raise the pressure to the planned pressure and close the delivery valve.

(Navigation) 2- 4
2002/3 (Ver.2)

18) When the delivery valve is closed, quickly reduce the pump rpm to the minimum rpm.
This operation should be performed faster than the conventional operation of reducing the pump rpm and
may cause confusion. Therefore, notify the Engine Department about the quick reduction in rpm.

19) The pump casing temperature rises gradually during the rise in line pressure. The casing
temperature should be monitored carefully especially during the no-load operation. In some ships,
the casing temperature can be displayed in the CCR but generally, a bar thermometer is fitted on
the outside of the casing and the temperature is monitored on site.
20) Inspect the COW line and monitor the line pressure. If the pressure does not drop, the pressure test
of the COW line is completed.
If a COW sub main valve has been installed, open the said valve and carry out the pressure test until
the COW main valve.
21) Open the COW machine valve used for gas bleeding or the COW line gas intake valve gradually,
reduce the COW line pressure and take measures against the liquid-sealed condition.
1.1.5 Pressure test of the cargo main line
(Refer to "Fig. N-2-6 Line Diagram" on P2-55 and "Fig. N-2-7 Line Diagram" on P2-56 in the
"Documents Section.)
Carry out the pressure test of the COW line. Change the stations of personnel on deck and assign them
to the manifolds on both port and starboard sides, at the center of the cross line, midway between the
manifold and the pump room and at the entrance of the pump room.
Various methods are available for gas bleeding of the pipelines, selection of pump to be used and
pressure test of the COW line. Select a method that suits the actual conditions on the ship.
Here, the method of implementing the test using TCP is described in detail. This is a simple method
that enables line pressure test and list adjustments to be carried out simultaneously.
1) Close the gas intake valve.

Crossover gas intake valve

V388, V389

Close

2)

Direct filling valve

V311, V312, V313

Confirm closure

3) Open the inner drip valve and the master drip valve of the manifolds on both port and starboard
sides.

Port side manifold inner drip valve V354, V356, V358, V360, V362

Open

Starboard side manifold inner drip

V353, V355, V357, V359, V361
valve

Open

4) The 3P/S tank valve is open since the TCP is in operation.

Using the TCP, deliver oil to the every riser line of COP through the No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 pump
delivery valves. Perform valve lineup to return the oil to 3P/S through the inner drain valve and
master drain valve of the manifold. Check the list (heel) of the ship and make the ship upright during
the pressure test of the cargo main line. This can be accomplished easily by adjusting the 3P/S tank
valve.
5)

COW master valve

V511, V512

Close

(Navigation) 2- 5
2002/3 (Ver.2)

6)

Valves associated with discharge

V114, V124, V134, V146
line

Open

Cargo pump delivery valve

Open

7)

V113, V123, V133

8) Open the TCP delivery valve V145 gradually, and start delivering oil simultaneously to the three
cargo main lines.

TCP delivery valve

V145

Open gradually

9) Ensure that the deck watch lightly taps the pipe with a wooden hammer and confirms that oil is
adequately filled in the line.
10) Since the diameter of the cargo line is large, an unbalance occurs in the part filled with oil. Thus
the flow rate should be adjusted using the COP delivery valve.
11) When oil is filled up in the cargo line, start throttling the master drip valve while adjusting the rpm
of TCP, so that finally the valve is fully closed. Monitor the tank ullage carefully because the oil
may not flow uniformly to 3P/S.
12) When the line pressure starts rising, ensure that inspections and checks for leaks are carried out
carefully and reported as from time to time. Check the line pressure using the pressure gauge fitted
to the manifold.
13) If no abnormality is detected in any part, gradually raise the pressure to the planned level.
14) Keep the TCP delivery valve open by about 30% so that it can be quickly closed when required.
15) Close off the TCP delivery valve at the planned pressure and reduce the pump rpm to the
minimum rpm.
16) Monitor the pressure gauge on the manifold and also check for leaks in the line.
If the pressure does not drop, the line is sound. Terminate the pressure test.
17) Gradually open the manifold master drip valve, reduce the pressure in the line and drain out the
oil. Also, open the gas intake valve.

Crossover gas intake valve

V388, V389

Open

18) Open the direct filling valves V311, V312 and V313.

Direct filling valve

V311, V312, V313

Open

19) Notify the Engine Department and carry out the TCP tripping test.
Reduce the pressure in the line because the functional test and tripping test of the cargo pump are to be
carried out as a continuation of the pressure test. Draining of the line is to be performed with the drop in
pressure and is a secondary operation.
One of the methods is to open the gate valve and apply pressure up to the blind plate of the manifold.

1.2

Functional test and tripping test of pump

Click here to view video 096.mp4

After completion of functional tests of all the pumps, carry out the tripping test.
(Navigation) 2- 6
2002/3 (Ver.2)

The tripping test should be carried out in accordance with the "Functional Test Procedure of Safety
Protection Devices" prescribed in "5.4.1 Functional Tests of Safety Protection Devices, SMS
ZZ-S-M08.00.00."
1.2.1 Pump protection devices
Pump protection devices include the ones listed below. Tripping tests of these devices should be carried
out. Other protection devices in addition to those listed below may be provided on the ship. For details,
study the instruction manuals of pumps provided on board each ship.
1) Emergency stop from the CCR that causes manual tripping
2) Emergency stop from the pump room that causes the pump to trip
3) Emergency stop from the turbine side that causes the pump to trip
4) Pump casing overheat
5) Pump bearing overheat
6) High pump delivery pressure
7) High back pressure
8) Bulkhead stuffing box overheat
9) Pump overspeed
10) Low LO pressure
1.2.2 Timing for implementing the pump tripping test
The pump tripping test should be carried out as described below.
1) The pump tripping test should be carried out every voyage using a pseudo signal after changing the
test items.
2) The tripping test is performed manually when discharging is completed and the pump is finally
stopped.

1.2.3 Method of performing the pump functionality test and tripping test
(Refer to "Fig. N-2-8 Line Diagram" on P2-57, "Fig. N-2-9 Line Diagram" on P2-58, "Fig.
N-2-10 Line Diagram" on P2-59 and Fig. N-2-11 Line Diagram on P2-60 all in the "Documents
Section.")
Raising the rpm to the rated rpm need not perform the pump functionality test. It is performed to
confirm that there is no abnormality in the pump operation on the pump side and the machine side. The
test can be performed even at the no-load operation of the pump. In this case, valve lineup of the
pressure release line should be performed beforehand considering unexpected events (such as
overheating of the casing). However, when the pressure test is performed using each cargo pump, the
pump can be operated close to the rated rpm and the protection devices can also be tested
simultaneously.
1) Functional test and tripping test of No. 1 pump
a) Take 3P/S as the suction line.
b) Fully close the drip valve and drip master valve of the manifolds on both port and starboard sides
and the gas intake valve. Fully open the crossover valve.
c) Fully close the deck master valve.

Deck master valve

V322, V323

Fully close

V312, V131

Fully close

d) Fully close the direct filling valve.

Direct filling valve

e) Request the Engine Department to start the No. 1 COP.

f) Perform the governor test and check the pump operation on the pump side and the machine side
(Navigation) 2- 7
2002/3 (Ver.2)

when the minimum rpm is reached.

g) If the results of inspection show no abnormality, perform the pump tripping test. (The delivery
valve is fully closed.)
h) If by chance, flow of oil becomes necessary because of overheating of the pump casing or
some other reason, release the oil to 3P/S through the direct filling valve. In this case,gas may
be included in the suction line, but if the oil head is adequate, no problems are anticipated even
at the minimum rpm.
i) Perform the tripping test with the pump delivery valve fully closed.
j) When the pump tripping test is completed, close the suction valve V112.
2) Functionality test and tripping test of the No. 2 pump
a) Take oil from 3P/S as the suction line.
b) Close the deck master valves V321 and V323.Open V322.

Deck master valve

V321, V323

Close

V322

Open

c) Confirm that the direct filling valve is closed.

Direct filling valve

V312, V313

Confirm closure

d) Request the Engine Department to start the No. 2 COP.

e) Perform the governor test and inspect the pump side and the machine side when the minimum rpm
is reached.
f) If the results of inspection show no abnormality, perform the pump tripping test.(The delivery
valve is fully closed.)
g) If by chance, flow of oil becomes necessary because of overheating of the pump casing or some
other reason, release the oil to 3P/S through the direct filling valve.
h) When the pump tripping test is completed, close the suction valve.

No. 2 cargo pump suction valve

V122

Close

3) Functionality test and tripping test of the No. 3 pump

a) Take oil from 3P/S as the suction line.
b) Close the deck master valve V322.

Deck master valve

V321, V322

Close

V323

Open

c) Confirm that the direct filling valve is closed.

Direct filling valve

V312, V313

Confirm closure

d) Request the Engine Department to start the No. 3 COP.

e) Perform the governor test and inspect the pump operation on the pump side and the machine
side when the minimum rpm is reached.
f) If there is no abnormality, perform the pump tripping test.(The delivery valve is fully closed.)
g) If by chance, flow of oil becomes necessary because of overheating of the pump casing or some
other reason, release the oil to 3P/S through the direct filling valve.
h) When the pump tripping test is completed, close the suction valve V132.

(Navigation) 2- 8
2002/3 (Ver.2)

Pump suction valve

V132

Close

V233, V231

Close

V111

Close

V311, V312, V313

Open

V321, V322, V323

Open

i) Close the 3P/S tank main valve.

3 P/S tank main valve

j) Close the bulkhead valve.

Bulkhead valve
k) Open the direct filling valve.

Direct filling valve

l) Open the deck master valve.

Deck master valve

m) Open the crossover gas intake valve.

Crossover gas intake valve

V388, V389

Open

V331, V332, V333

Open

n) Open the crossover valve.

Crossover valve

o) Open the manifold outer/inner drip valve and master drip valve on both port and starboard
sides.

1.3

Port side manifold inner drip valve V354, V356, V358, V360, V362

Open

Starboard side manifold inner drip

V353, V355, V357, V359, V361
valve

Open

Line and pump stripping after line pressure test

To prevent negative pressure, first open the crossover gas intake valve and the COW line gas intake
valve to fill the line with gas and then strip the line. Return the stripped oil through the MARPOL line
and the manifold drip line to 3P or 3S.
1.3.1 Stripping the COW line and TCP
(Refer to "Fig. N-2-12 Line Diagram" on P2-61, "Fig. N-2-13 Line Diagram" on P2-62, "Fig.
N-2-14 Line Diagram" on P2-63, "Fig. N-2-15 Line Diagram" on P2-64 and "Fig. N-2-16 Line
Diagram" on P2-65 all in the "Documents Section.")
1) Open the COW line gas intake valve and drain out the COW line main pipe through the COW
master valve.
(Navigation) 2- 9
2002/3 (Ver.2)

To prevent the liquid-sealed condition in the COW line branch pipe between the COW machine valve
and the COW sub main valve after draining the COW line main pipe, open all the COW machine
valves and the COW sub main valves and drain out all the COW line branch pipes to the respective
tanks.
After draining out the COW branch pipes, close only the COW sub main valve. Keep the COW
machine valve and the COW line gas intake valve open until the day before the ship enters port. If no
sub main valve has been provided on the ship, confirm that the branch pipe has been drained out and
then close the COW machine valve.
Generally, contamination in the line is permitted when crude oil is loaded. Even if the grade of oil in the COW
line is different, draining out the COW line branch pipe does not pose any problem.

2) Close manifold inner/outer drip valves other than valves V348/V347, V362/V361.

Manifold outer drip valve

V348,V362,V347,V361

Open

Manifold outer drip valve

V342,V344,V346,V341,V343,V345

Close

Manifold inner drip valve

V354,V356,V358,V360,V353,V355,V357,V
Close
359

3) Notify the Engine Department and start the stripping pump.

Preparations for starting the stripping pump have already been completed since COP/TCP/stripping
pump has been used in the line pressure test. Make the necessary preparations such as draining out the
stripping pump in parallel with the valve lineup work.
4) Suction line of the stripping pump

Stripping pump suction line V512, V511, V145, V524, V577, V578,
Open
valve
V525, V164
5) Stripping pump delivery line
Perform valve lineup of the stripping pump delivery line. To return oil to 3P, open V168V166V
352V348 and V362 To return oil to 3S, open V168V166V351V347 and V361. To return to
both port and starboard tanks, open all the valves.
6) In the final stage, open V143.

TCP suction valve

V143

Open

When the stripping pump starts drawing in air, treat the stripping of the COW line and TCP as being
completed. Confirm that the suction pressure of the TCP and the stripping pump is approximately
zero.
7) Close V511, V145, V524, V577 and V578. Then start stripping the cargo line and the cargo pump.

TCP stripping line valve

V511, V145, V524, V577, V578

Close

1.3.2 Stripping the cargo line and the cargo pump

1) Stripping the No. 3 cargo line and pump
a) Open the crossover gas intake valve.

Crossover gas intake valve

V388, V389

Open
(Navigation) 2-10

2002/3 (Ver.2)

b)

Valves associated with No. 3 cargo pump

V523, V575, V576

Open

Slightly open V133 and start stripping the No. 3 cargo line and pump.

No. 3 cargo pump delivery valve V133

Slightly open

Open V132 and V134 at the final stage.

Valves associated with No. 3 cargo pump

V132, V134

Open

The final stage indicates the stage when the suction pressure of the stripping pump and the
suction/delivery pressure of the No. 3 pump become approximately zero. V132 may be kept open
from the start, but it should be closed before stripping is started.
c) When the stripping pump starts drawing in air, the stripping of the No. 3 line and pump is
completed. Confirm that the suction pressure of the stripping pump and the suction/delivery
pressure of COP are approximately zero.
d)
V133, V523, V575, V576,
Valves associated with No. 3 cargo pump
Close
V132
2) Stripping the No. 2 cargo line and pump
a)

Valves associated with No. 2 cargo pump V522, V573, V574

Open

Slightly open V123 and start stripping the No. 2 cargo line and pump.

No. 2 cargo pump delivery valve V123

Slightly open

Open V122 and V124 at the final stage.

Valves associated with No. 2 cargo pump V122, V124

Open

b) When the stripping pump starts drawing in air, the stripping of the No. 2 line and pump is
completed. Confirm that the suction pressure of the stripping pump and the suction/delivery
pressure of COP are approximately zero.
c)
V123, V522, V573, V574,
Valves associated with No. 2 cargo pump
Close
V122
3) Stripping the No. 1 cargo line and pump
a)

Valves associated with No. 1 cargo pump V521, V571, V572

Open

Slightly open V113 and start stripping the No. 1 cargo line and pump.

(Navigation) 2- 11
2002/3 (Ver.2)

No. 1 cargo pump delivery valve

V113

Slightly open

Open V112, V151, V152, V153, V154, V163, V511, V146 and V114 at the final stage.

Valves associated with No. 1 V112, V151, V152, V153, V154, V163
line, common line
V511, V146, V114

Open

b) When the stripping pump starts drawing in air, the stripping of the No. 1 line, common line and
pump is completed. Confirm that the suction pressure of the stripping pump and the
suction/delivery pressure of COP are approximately zero.
c) Stop the stripping pump.
d)
V112, V151, V152, V153,
Valves associated with No. 1 line,
V154, V163, V511, V146, Close
common line
V114

Valves associated with No. 1 cargo pump V113, V521, V571, V572

Close

Valves associated with stripping pump

Close

V525, V164, V168

1.3.3 Valve positions after stripping of lines and pumps are completed
(Refer to "Fig. N-2-17 Line Diagram" on P2-66 and "Fig. N-2-18 Line Diagram" on P2-67 in the
"Documents Section.)

Crossover gas intake valve

V388,V389

Open

Crossover valve

V331,V332,V333

Open

Manifold outer drip valve on both V342,V344,V346,V348,V341,V343,

sides
V345,V347
Manifold inner drip valve on both V354,V356,V358,V360,V353,V355,
sides
V357,V359
Manifold equalizer valve on both V372,V374,V376,V378,V370,V371,
sides
V373,V375,V377,V369
Manifold master drip valve on
V362,V361
both sides

Open
Open
Open
Open

MARPOL line valve

V352, V351

Open

Direct filling valve

V311,V312,V313

Open

Deck master valve

V321,V322,V323

Open

V166

Open

COW line gas intake valve

V M-3, V703

Open

COW line drain valve

V M-38, V738

Open

Stripping
valve

pump

delivery

line

Tank cleaning heater bypass valve V512

Open

COW machine valve

V701 to V739

Open

COW sub main valve

V M-1V M-2V M-4 to V M-38

Close

Other

valves

with

risk

of
2002/3 (Ver.2)

Open
(Navigation) 2-12

liquid-sealed condition
When the pressure test of the COW line is completed, the COW sub main valve should be closed and
the COW line gas intake valve should be opened during voyage to prevent liquid-sealed condition and
cargo shift* through the COW line on deck.
* What is "cargo shift?"
Refers to the shift of cargo oil to the adjacent cargo tank through the COW line on the deck due to the
momentum of ship motions such as rolling.
Cargo shift also includes vapor shift, in which highly volatile cargo shifts to another cargo tank through
the vent line and which is well known. However, in tankers such as VLCC, which are loaded with
crude oil only, vapor shift is not a problem at all. Thus, the IG branch valve is always kept open so that
the vent lines of all cargo tanks become common.

(Navigation) 2-13
2002/3 (Ver.2)

2.

Draft restrictions in the Malacca/Singapore straits

Click here to view video 083.mp4

2.1

List (heel) adjustments

List can be adjusted by using the oil in 3P/S during the line pressure test. Accordingly, the adjustment
should be completed when stripping of the line and pump is completed.
The upright condition of the ship can be confirmed using the clinometer. In addition, it can also be
known by studying the relationship between the horizon and the bridge wings on either side of the ship
while standing at the center of the bridge. For small inclinations, the latter method generally indicates
the list accurately.

2.2

Trim adjustments

2.2.1 Adjustments (oil shift) using cargo oil

The charterer's permission should be obtained for adjusting the trim using cargo oil.
The draft restrictions at the discharging port should be adequately studied when adopting this method.
Adjustments should not involve shifting the oil several times.
If a difference in head exists between tanks loaded with the same grade of oil, the oil may be shifted
between tanks by gravity. If shifting the oil by gravity is not possible, a pump may be used to shift the
oil. It is easier and more efficient to shift the oil during the line pressure test.
2.2.2 Adjustment using ballast
Although bringing the ship to even keel may be preferred in the static condition, trim by stern is
generally performed by filling ballast water in the APT. The magnitude of the trim depends on the
relationship between trim and the maximum draft. (However, the prerequisite is that the required UKC
should be maintained in the static condition.)
When the APT is filled with ballast water, the tank should be de-ballasted after passing through the
Malacca/Singapore strait.

(Navigation) 2-14
2002/3 (Ver.2)

3.

Ullage, oil temperature and water measurement

3.1

Sea area for performing measurements

Measurements should generally be performed in the Malacca/Singapore strait when the ship is
transporting cargo from the Persian Gulf/Red Sea to the Far Eastern ports. When it is plying from
Mexico to the Far Eastern ports, a sea area with calm water conditions should be selected for
performing the tests.

3.2

Importance of water measurement

Although water measurement is performed when loading is completed, even if traces of water are
observed it is difficult to conclude that water exists in the tank at the end of the loading work and
measurements at this stage are inaccurate. If water is mixed with oil, oil and water separate with the
passage of time and water can be measured accurately during the voyage.
The presence of water is a burden on the terminal, and the charterer frequently requires the results of
water measurement to be dispatched even if he does not require the ullage report.

3.3

Preparation of the ullage report

Calculations of oil quantities are generally made at the stages mentioned below and the ullage report is
prepared.
A copy of the ullage report should be handed over to the representative of the discharging terminal, and
also sent to the charterer and shipowner by methods that have already been specified.
Some terminals do not permit discharging of cargo until the ullage report prepared just before entering
the discharging port or after entering the port is submitted. Thus, the port/terminal restrictions should
be studied before entry to prevent any delays caused.
1) Upon completion of loading
2) In sea area with calm water conditions during the voyage
3) Before entering the discharging port or after entering port

(Navigation) 2-15
2002/3 (Ver.2)

Line Diagram

Title

Page

N-2-1

Pressure test - COW line (1/5)

2-17

N-2-2

Pressure test - COW line (2/5)

2-18

N-2-3

Pressure test - COW line (3/5)

2-19

N-2-4

Pressure test - COW line (4/5)

2-20

N-2-5

Pressure test - COW line (5/5)

2-21

N-2-6

Pressure test - cargo main line (1/2)

2-22

N-2-7

Pressure test - cargo main line (2/2)

2-23

N-2-8

Pump functionality test/ Tripping test (1/4)

2-24

N-2-9

Pump functionality test/ Tripping test (2/4)

2-25

N-2-10

Pump functionality test/ Tripping test (3/4)

2-26

N-2-11

Pump functionality test/ Tripping test (4/4)

2-27

N-2-12

Stripping - COW line and TCP (1/5)

2-28

N-2-13

Stripping - COW line and TCP (2/5)

2-29

N-2-14

Stripping - COW line and TCP (3/5)

2-30

N-2-15

Stripping - COW line and TCP (4/5)

2-31

N-2-16

Stripping - COW line and TCP (5/5)

2-32

N-2-17

Valve positions after completion of stripping (1/2)

2-33

N-2-18

Valve positions after completion of stripping (2/2)

2-34

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