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MRI does not depend on ionizing radiation. Radio waves redirect the axes of spinning protons,
which are the nuclei of hydrogen atoms, in a strong magnetic field.
The magnetic field is produced by passing an electric current through wire coils in most MRI
units. Other coils, located in the machine and in some cases, placed around the part of the body
being imaged, send and receive radio waves, producing signals that are detected by the coils.
A computer the processes the signals and generates a series of image each of which shows a thin
slice of the body. The images can then be studied from different angles by the interpreting
physician.
The differentiation of abnormal (diseased) tissue from normal tissues is often better with MRI
than other imaging modalities such as x-ray, CT and ultrasound.
In an fMRI examination, you will perform a particular task during the imaging process, causing
increased metabolic activity in the area of the brain responsible for the task. Examples of small
tasks are tapping your thumb against each of the fingers on the same hand, rubbing a block of
sandpaper, or answering simple questions.
When the examination is completed, you may be asked to wait until the technologist or
radiologist checks the images in case additional images are needed.
The entire examination is usually completed within 45 minutes.
What are the benefits vs. risks?
Benefits
MRI is a noninvasive imaging technique that does not involve exposure to ionizing radiation.
MRI can help physicians evaluate both the structure of an organ and how it is working.
MRI enables the discovery of abnormalities that might be obscured by bone with other imaging
methods.
fMRI enables the detection of abnormalities of the brain, as well as the assessment of the normal
functional anatomy of the brain.
Risks
The MRI examination poses almost no risk to the average patient when appropriate safety
guidelines are followed.
Although the strong magnetic field is not harmful in itself, implanted medical devices that
contain metal may malfunction or cause problems during an MRI exam.
What Radiologic Technologists Do
1- Radiologic technologists perform diagnostic imaging examinations, such as x rays, on
patients.
Duties
be taken.
Keep detailed patient records.
3- Healthcare professionals use many types of diagnostic equipment to diagnose patients.
Radiologic technologists specialize in x-ray, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) equipment. They may be called CT technicians or MRI
technicians, depending on the equipment they work with. Radiologic technologists might
also specialize in mammography.
4- Mammographers use low-dose x-ray systems to produce images of the breast.
Technologists may be certified in multiple specialties.
5- Healthcare professionals who speciealize in other diagnostic equipment include nuclear
medicine technologists, diagnostic medical sonographers, cardiovascular technologist and
technicians, and vascular technologists.
6- Some radiologic technologists prepare a mixture for the patient to drink that allows soft
tissue to be seen on the images that the radiologist reviews.
Text 1
A chest x-ray
A chest x ray is a procedure used to evaluate organs and structures within the chest for
symptoms of disease. Chest x rays include views of the lungs, heart, small portions of the
gastrointestinal tract, thyroid gland, and the bones of the chest area. X rays are a form of
radiation that can penetrate the body and produce an image on an x ray film. Another name
for the film produced by x rays is radiograph.
Text 2
An X ray generator is a device used to generate x rays. These devices are commonly used by
radiographers to acquire an x ray image of the inside of an object (as in medicine or nondestructive testing) but they are also used in sterilization or fluorescence.
An x ray imaging system consists of an x ray source or generator (x ray tube), an image
detection system which can be either a film (analog technology) or a digital capture system.
RESONANCIA MAGNTICA
Qu es la RM funcional (fMRI) la proyeccin de imagen?
La proyeccin de imagen de resonancia magntica (MRI) es un examen mdico no invasivo que
ayuda a los mdicos diagnosticar y tratar condiciones mdicas.
Sr. proyeccin de imagen utiliza un potente campo magntico, pulsos de radiofrecuencia y una
computadora para producir imgenes detalladas de rganos, tejidos blandos, hueso y casi todas
otras estructuras internas del cuerpo, MRI no utiliza radiacin ionizante (rayos x).
La proyeccin de imagen de resonancia magntica funcional (fMRI) es un procedimiento
relativamente nuevo que utiliza a Sr. proyeccin de imagen para medir los pequeos cambios
metablicos que tienen lugar en una parte activa del cerebro.
Cules son algunos usos comunes del procedimiento?
RMF se est convirtiendo en el mtodo diagnstico de eleccin para el aprendizaje de cmo un
cerebro normal, enfermo o lesionado trabaja, as como para evaluar los riesgos potenciales de la
ciruga u otros tratamientos invasivos del cerebro.
Los mdicos realizar la fMRI para:
Examinar la anatoma del cerebro.
Determinar exactamente qu parte del cerebro est entregando funciones crticas tales como
pensamiento, expresin, movimiento y sensacin que se llama mapeo cerebral.
Ayudar a evaluar los efectos de accidente cerebrovascular, trauma o enfermedad degenerativa
(como la enfermedad de Alzheimer) en monitor de funcin cerebral el crecimiento y funcin de
los tumores cerebrales.
Cmo debo prepararme?
Le pedir que use una bata durante el examen o le puede permitir su propia ropa si es suelta y
no los sujetadores de metal.
Algunos exmenes de MRI pueden requerir al paciente ingerir material de contraste o recibir una
inyeccin de contraste en el torrente sanguneo. El material de contraste utilizado para un
examen de MRI, llamado gadolinio, no es probable que cause efectos secundarios o una reaccin
alrgica.
Las mujeres deben siempre informar a su mdico o tecnlogo si existe cualquier posibilidad de
que est embarazadas.
Si tienes claustrofobia (miedo a espacios cerrados) o ansiedad, puede que desee pregunte a su
mdico para una prescripcin de un sedante suave antes del examen de programacin.
Debido a que pueden interferir con el campo magntico de la unidad de MRI, objetos metlicos y
electrnicos no estn permitidos en la sala de examen.
Colorantes utilizados en los tatuajes pueden contener hierro y pueden calentarse durante el
MRI, pero esto es raramente un problema. Empastes de dientes y los apoyos generalmente no
son afectados por el campo magntico pero pueden distorsionar imgenes del rea facial o
cerebral, por lo que el radilogo debe ser consciente de ellos.
MRI puede ayudar a los mdicos a evaluar tanto la estructura de un rgano y cmo est
trabajando.
MRI permite el descubrimiento de anormalidades que podran ser oscurecida por el hueso con
otros mtodos de proyeccin de imagen.
fMRI permite la deteccin de anormalidades del cerebro, as como la evaluacin de la anatoma
funcional normal del cerebro.
Riesgos
La examinacin de MRI no supone casi ningn riesgo para el paciente promedio cuando se
siguen las pautas de seguridad apropiadas.
Aunque el fuerte campo magntico no es perjudicial en s mismo, implantados dispositivos
mdicos que contienen metales pueden mal o causar problemas durante un examen de MRI.
Qu tecnlogos radiolgicos
1 - Tecnlogos radiolgicos realizan exmenes de diagnstico, como rayos x, en los pacientes.
Deberes
2 - Tecnlogos radiolgicos suelen hacen lo siguiente:
Precisamente seguir rdenes de los mdicos sobre qu reas del cuerpo a la imagen.
Proteger al paciente por el blindaje de las reas expuestas que no es necesario ser
reflejada.
Trabajar con radilogos la lectura de las imgenes para determinar si deben adoptarse
otras imgenes.