FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS

UNIVERSITAS JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN

THESIS
GUIDELINES
International Program

WWW.FEB.UNSOED.AC.ID

THESIS GUIDELINES
International Program
1ST EDITION

Table of Contents
I. Introduction ........................................................................................... 1
II. The Format of Thesis Proposal ............................................................. 2
1. The Beginning Part .......................................................................... 2
2. The Main Part .................................................................................. 2
3. The Final Part................................................................................... 2
III. The Format of Thesis ............................................................................ 3
1. The Beginning Part ........................................................................... 3
2. The Main Part ................................................................................... 3
3. The Final Part ................................................................................... 4
IV. The Description of Format of Thesis .................................................... 5
1. The Beginning Part ........................................................................... 5
a. Cover ...................................................................................... 5
b. Page of Title ........................................................................... 6
c. Page of Approvals .................................................................. 7
d. Statement of Authenticity....................................................... 9
e. Preface .................................................................................... 9
f. Ringkasan ............................................................................... 10
g. Summary ................................................................................ 11
h. Page of Table of Contents ...................................................... 11
i. Page of List of Tables ............................................................. 12
j. Page of List of Figures ........................................................... 12
k. Page of List of Abbreviations................................................. 13
l. Page of List of Symbols ......................................................... 14
m. Page of List of Appendix ....................................................... 14
2. The Main Part ................................................................................... 14
a. Introduction ............................................................................ 15
i. Research Background ..................................................... 15
ii. The Formulation of Research Problems ......................... 15
iii. The Limitation of Research Problems ............................ 15
iv. Research Objectives ....................................................... 15
v. Contribution of Research ................................................ 15
b. Literature Review and the Formulation of Research Model .. 15
i. Literature Review ........................................................... 15

ii. The Formulation of Research Model.............................. 15

c. Research Method and Data Analysis Technique ................... 16
i. Research Method.......................................................... 16
ii. Data Analysis Technique ............................................. 16
d. Results and Discussion ........................................................... 16
i. General Description of the Study................................. 16
ii. Data Analysis and Discussion ...................................... 16
e. Conclusions and Implications ................................................ 16
i. Conclusions .................................................................. 16
ii. Implications .................................................................. 16
3. The Final Part ................................................................................... 16
a. References .............................................................................. 17
b. Appendix ................................................................................ 17
c. Authors Biography ................................................................ 17
V. Writing Conventions ............................................................................. 18
1. Paper ............................................................................................... 18
2. Margins ........................................................................................... 18
3. Numbering ...................................................................................... 18
4. Page Number................................................................................... 19
5. Space ............................................................................................... 19
6. Paragraph ........................................................................................ 19
7. Tables and Figures .......................................................................... 19
8. Quotation ........................................................................................ 20
9. References ....................................................................................... 22

INTRODUCTION

Thesis is one of the requirements for students at the Faculty of Economics and Business
UNSOED to obtain a bachelor/ undergraduate degree. This is a mandatory activity for the
students at the end of their study period.
As one form of scientific papers, thesis must be written based on the scientific
procedures, guidelines and scientific principles that determined. Thesis will provide students
with an opportunity to demonstrate the ideas, research skills, and creative abilities they have
gained during their graduate work.
The code of ethics in thesis writing is very important to be upheld. There are two issues
related to ethics in thesis writing, those are authenticity and honesty. Authenticity relates to the
references and quotation.
Thesis writing guidelines are intended to provide guidance for students and advisors in
guiding the writing in order to obtain high quality thesis that consistent with the scientific
principles. This guideline will assist candidate to meet the minimal format requirements set by
the University. This handbook contains the explanation of the parts of thesis and the procedures
of thesis.

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 1

THE FORMAT OF THESIS PROPOSAL

The purpose of thesis proposal is to make a clear framework of the study. Thesis proposal
provides an overview of the proposed plan of work, including the general scope of the project,
the basic research questions, research methodology, and the overall significance of the study.
Thesis proposal is divided into 3 main parts; first, the beginning part. Second, the main
part, and the third is the final part. Thesis proposal consists of 3 chapters; chapter I, chapter II,
and chapter III. The contents of thesis proposal described as follow:
1. The Beginning Part.
Cover
Page of Title
Page of Approvals
Page of Table of Contents
Page of List of Tables (if necessary)
Page of List of Image (if necessary)
Page of List of abbreviations (if necessary)
Page of List of Symbols (if necessary)
Page of List of Appendix (if necessary)
2. The Main Part
I.
Introduction
A. Research Background
B. The Formulation of Research Problems
C. The Limitation of Research Problems
D. Research Objectives
E. Contribution of Research
II.

III.

Literature Review and The Formulation of Research Model

A. Literature Review
B. The Formulation of Research Model
Research Method and Data Analysis Technique
A. Research Method
B. Data Analysis Technique

3. The Final Part

References
Appendix

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 2

THE FORMAT OF THESIS

The parts of thesis principally, have same parts as thesis proposal but with 2 additional
chapters; chapter IV and chapter V. Thesis also divided into 3 main parts; first, the beginning
part. Second, the main part, and the third is the final part. The followings are parts of the contents
of the thesis:
1. The Beginning Part.
Cover
Page of Title
Page of Approvals
Statement of Authenticity
Preface
Ringkasan (Summary in Bahasa Indonesia)
Summary
Page of Table of Contents
Page of List of Tables (if necessary)
Page of List of Image (if necessary)
Page of List of abbreviations (if necessary)
Page of List of Symbols (if necessary)
Page of List of Appendix (if necessary)
2. The Main Part
I.
Introduction
A. Research Background
B. The Formulation of Research Problems
C. The Limitation of Research Problems
D. Research Objectives
E. Contribution of Research
II.

Literature Review and The Formulation of Research Model

A. Literature Review
B. The Formulation of Research Model

III.

Research Method and Data Analysis Technique

A. Research Method
B. Data Analysis Technique

IV.

Results and Discussion

A. General Description of the Study

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 3

B. Data Analysis and Discussion

V. Conclusion and Implication

A. Conclusion
B. Implication
3. The Final Part
References
Appendix

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 4

THE DESCRIPTION OF FORMAT OF THESIS

This chapter provides a description of the parts of thesis. Explained earlier, what
differentiates thesis with thesis proposal is only the Chapter IV and Chapter V, besides that,
other parts is similar. Parts of the thesis can be described as follow:
A. The Beginning Part
The beginning part of thesis consists of:
i. Cover
The thesis cover consists of 2 parts; first, the outer cover (front cover/ hard cover) that
made by carton. Second, the inner cover that made by white plain HVS. The color of
outer cover is gray. What have to be written on the outside cover are:
1. THESIS or THESIS PROPOSAL for thesis proposal.
2. Title of thesis
3. Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Emblem
4. The full name of author (without title)
5. Student ID Number (SIN)
6. MINISTRY OF RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGY, AND HIGHER EDUCATION
7. FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS
8. UNIVERSITAS JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN
9. PURWOKERTO
10. The validated year
The example can be seen as follow:

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 5

ii.

Page of Title
The title page of thesis is similar to the
emblem is not attached. In addition, In
needed to get a Bachelor degree from
Universitas Jenderal Soedirman has
emblem.
The example can be seen as follow:

cover, but on the title page the UNSOED

order to fulfil some of the requirements
the Faculty of Economics and Business,
to be written as the replacement of the

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 6

iii.

Page of Approvals
Page of approvals contains:
1. The title of Thesis
2. Authors name and the validation sentence
3. Signature of advisor 1 and 2
4. Approval from the head of department
The Example can be seen as follow:

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 7

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 8

iv.

Statement of Authenticity
Statement of authenticity of the thesis contains a statement that the scientific work
thesis is the authors own work not the result of plagiarism, and consistent with the
format specified by the Faculty of Economics and Business UNSOED. This page is
accompanied by a stamp of duty (materai) consistent with the designation.
The example can be seen as follow:

v.

Preface
Preface contains the short speech and acknowledgement from the author for the thesis.

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 9

vi.

Ringkasan
Ringkasan contains the summary of the research in Bahasa Indonesia. The page title
RINGKASAN typed middle top of the page in capital word.
The example can be seen as follow:

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 10

vii.

Summary
Summary contains the highlight of the research. The summary includes the title of the
study, the research problem, purpose of research, research methods, the results of
research and implications. In the summary theres should be no quotation. Summary
prepared by the amount of 600-800 words (1 -2 pages) and the number line spacing is
1. The page title SUMMARY typed at middle top of the page in capital word.
The example can be seen as follow:

viii.

Page of Table of Contents

The table of contents is written in new page with the title TABLE OF CONTENTS
typed at middle top of the page in capital word. The table of contents must list and
provide page references for all elements of the thesis. For the text of the thesis, it will
indicate chapters, sections and important sub-divisions of each section. The numbering
and format of material in the table of contents must be identical to the way this
material appears in the text of the thesis. The title of each chapter should be written in
full capital with no terminal punctuation. The title of a subdivision of a chapter or
section should be in small letters, with the exception of the first letter of significant
words.
The example can be seen as follow:

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 11

ix.

Page of List of Tables

The table of contents is written in new page with the title LIST OF TABLES typed
at middle top of the page in capital word. The list of tables follows the table of
contents. This list includes the number of each table, the title and the page number.
The example can be seen as follow:

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 12

x.

Page of List of Figures

List of figures is written in new page with the title LIST OF FIGURES typed at
middle top of the page in capital word. The list of figures follows the list of tables.
This list includes the number of each figure, the title and the page number.
The example can be seen as follow:

xi.

Page of List of abbreviations

List of abbreviations is written in new page with the title LIST OF
ABBREVATIONS typed at middle top of the page in capital word. The list includes
all non-standard abbreviations used in the text of the thesis. It follows the list of
figures.
The example can be seen as follow:

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 13

xii.

Page of List of Symbols

List of symbols is written in new page with the title LIST OF SYMBOLS typed at
middle top of the page in capital word. The list includes all non-standard symbols used
in the text of the thesis. It follows the list of figures.

xiii.

Page of List of Appendix

List of appendix is written in new page with the title LIST OF APPENDIX typed at
middle top of the page in capital word. List of appendix contain the number, title of
appendix, and pages. The title of appendix in the list must be the same as the title of
the appendix attached. Appendix contains the calculations sample, maps, and other
supporting data of the study.

B. The Main Part

This part consists of introduction, literature review and formulation of research models,
research method and data analysis technique, results and discussion, conclusions and
implications.

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 14

I.

INTRODUCTION
A. Research Background
Research background contains reasons for doing research. Research background
can be derived by the phenomenon on the field of study (applied research) and
based on research gap (fundamental research). To reinforce the reasons for
conducted research, the research background must be supported by adequate data.
It has to be ended by the affirmation of topics will be studied instead of the title of
the study.
B. The Formulation of Research Problems
Problem formulation is the essence of the problem that will be solved by the study
that will be conducted. The research problems are written in statement sentences
or interrogative sentence.
C. The Limitation of Research Problems
Research problem limitation limits the scope of the study so the research can be
done precisely and focused.
D. Research Objectives
Research objectives contains the objectives/ goals that expected to be achieved
through the study, such as; comparing the methods, evaluating a program / system
/ method, and prove a theory.
E. Contribution of Research
Research contribution reaffirms what has been described in the research
background. This part consists of theoretical contribution and applied
contribution. Theoretical contribution is the contribution for scientific
development and the applied contribution is the contribution used to problem
solving of the research object.

II.

LITERATURE REVIEW AND THE FORMULATION OF RESEARCH MODELS

A. Literature Review
This part elaborates the theories used as the basis of the study which is obtained
from scientific literatures (textbooks, scientific journals, documents, Internet, and
other sources that can be justified scientifically).
B. The Formulation of Research Model
The formulation of research model contains theories and the results of previous
studies which are relevant as a basis for formulating hypotheses. If the research is
a comparative study, the formulation of the research model contains a comparison

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 15

between variables based on the theory or the results of previous studies. If the
research is correlational and causal, the formulation contains correlation or causal
relationship between variables. If the research doesnt use hypotheses, this part
only contains a review of the relevant theory to explain the problems to be solved
through research.
III.

RESEARCH METHOD AND DATA ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE

A. Research Method
This part explains the approach to the instrument used. Research method includes
the type of research, location of the study, the execution time of the study, the
object of study, population and sample (if the research uses samples), data
sources, data collection techniques, the conceptual and operational definition of
variables, and the research instrument used.
B. Data Analysis Technique
This part contains the steps in performing data analysis, both qualitative and
quantitative, to test the hypotheses (if the research uses hypotheses).

IV.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

A. General Description of the Study
This part contains a general description of the location of research conducted and
the characteristics of the respondent (if research uses survey).
B. Data Analysis and Discussion
Data analysis shows the results of the analysis to answer the research question
proposed. The discussion provides a comparison of research results with the
theory and the results of previous research and discusses the differences or
similarities occur that lead to the conclusion.

V.

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS

A. Conclusions
The conclusions should be a brief statement and accurately presented the results
of the discussion, it contains the meaning that can be drawn from the research.
Conclusions should be the answer to the research problem and objectives.
B. Implications
Implications written based on the research conclusions, it consists of practical
implications that contains practical action to make improvements, and theoretical
implications that contains the limitations encountered in the implementation of

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 16

research, experience and consideration of writers that are intended for researchers
or others in similar fields who want to do further research.
C. The Final Part
This final section usually consists of: Bibliography / References, Appendix, and Authors
Biography.
1. References
The literatures included in references are the literatures that have been mentioned in
the thesis, while the literatures that not been mentioned should be written in the
references. The procedures for writing the references will be explained in the next
chapter.
2. Appendix
The appendix may consist of data or other information that serves to complement the
description that is presented in thesis. The appendix can be the example of the
calculation, questionnaires, images, photographs, supporting data, and others.
Basically, the appendix should be useful additional explanations that are not directly
addressed in text and if presented in the text, will interfere the context of discussion.
3. Authors Biography
Authors biography should be presented in narrative form and use the third-person
perspective (do not use words I or we). Things that should be included in the
biography are authors full name, place and date of birth, home address, telephone
number, email address, education history, relevant organizational experience, and the
achievements that have been achieved. Biography is also important for the people who
read the thesis if they want to ask something related to the thesis.

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 17

WRITING CONVENTIONS

1. Paper
Paper used should be HVS quarto size (A4s) 80 grams.
2. Margins
The top and left margins should be 4 cm and the left and bottom margins should be 3 cm.
3. Numbering
There are 2 types of numbering, mix numbering and decimal numbering. The examples of
the numbering can be seen as follow:
a. Mix Numbering

b. Decimal Numbering

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 18

4. Page Number
The page number is placed in the upper right. Page that contain the title of chapter are not
numbered, but still being counted. Page number of the beginning part of the thesis is written
at the middle-bottom margin in approximately 1.5 cm from the bottom edge using small
Roman numerals.
5. Space
The distances between the lines from each other are two spaces. Space to write direct
quotations that have more than four lines is one space. In references the distance between the
lines from each other is one space. The distance between the chapter title and the subchapter
is four spaces. Between the section titles and the description and between the end of
description and new section title are three spaces. Furthermore, the space between the
paragraph title and the description after or before are two spaces.
6. Paragraph
There are 2 forms of paragraph writing; indented style and block style. In intended style, the
paragraph is written start from at 8th knock from the left margin. In block style, the sentences
are written aligned with the left margin line. To separate between one paragraph to another,
in block style, the space has to be wider than the space of sentences at the end of the
paragraph.
The intended style is used in thesis. At the end of the page, a paragraph consists at least 2
lines. If theres only one line, its better to put it at the next page.
7. Tables and Figures
Tables are labeled according to the chapter in which they appear. For example, tables in
Chapter 3 are numbered sequentially: Table 3.1, Table 3.2 etc.
The title is placed above the table, left justified and in the following format:
Table 3.1. Short Title (italic)

For example:

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 19

Title table placed on top of the table. The first letter of the table title uses capital letter and
ended with no . (dot). If the table is more than one page, the continued table on the
following page should indicate that it is a continuation. If the table contains a citation, the
source of the reference should be placed below the table. The table should only use
horizontal stripes top and bottom edges.
Figures such as map, charts, graphs, diagrams, photographs should be labeled according to
the chapter in which they appear. For example, figures in Chapter 3 are numbered
sequentially: Figures 3.1, Figures 3.2 etc.
The title is placed below the figure, left justified and in the following format:
Figures 3.1.
Short Title (italic)
For example:

8. Quotation
Quotes taken need to be stated. It has to be done to respect the original author and obey the
scientific code of ethics. Quotation can be done in two ways; direct and indirect. The
elements that have to be included in quotation are last name of author, year of publication,
and page number (if provided). The elements are written in brackets (...), between name of
the author and the year give a comma (,), and between the year and the page number given a
colon (:). For example:
(Johansson, 2000:23)
If the author's name is written before the quote, only the year and the page number written
inside the brackets. For example:
Johansson (2000:23)

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 20

If the authors are more than three people, then the last name of the first author should be
written followed by et al. For example:
(Setyadi dan Ghanafi, 2008:10)
(Setyadi, Ghanafi, dan Suhartono, 2008:10)
Setyadi et al. (2008:10)
Direct quotation is used if the author quotes the original statement without any changes in
the idea or language. Indirect quotation is used when the author quotes the idea but explain it
with his own words. The maximum length of direst quotation is 4 lines written with 2
spaces. The direct quotation that has more than 4 lines is written in intended style paragraph.
The quotes in direct quotation should be written between quotation marks ().These
rules do not apply in writing the indirect quote.
The example of 4 lines direct quotes:
Indriantoro (2002:23) explains that Deductive study is a
study that intended to test the hypothesis through
validation of theory or theory application testing in a
certain condition.
The example of more than 4 lines direct quotes:
Johansson (2006:19) explains advertising as:
Long well known for TV commercials depicting P&G
products as problem solver for the harassed
homemaker needing to impress her mother-in-law, the
teenager looking for peer approval, or the young man
who desperately need a date, P&G went into Jpang
displaying Pampers diapers as a solution to a
problem.
The examples of indirect quotation of:
1. Antonio (2001:120) defined riba as the additional
retrieval, whether in buying-selling and borrowing, that
contrary to the principles of Islam.
2. The profit sharing principle is the main characteristic and
for Islamic banking as whole (Antonio, 2001:137).
3. This uniqueness arises from the composition of its assets
and liabilities (Ahmad and Ahmad, 2004:12)
4. Some of Islamic banks products have indicated an
impressive growth such as the Islamic bond market, the
sukuks (Derbell et al., 2011:15)

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 21

If the page of literature quoted cant be found, then only the author name and the publication
year are written. For example:
1. Christopher Pass (1997) definitively defined profit

sharing as the distribution of some part of the profit on

the employees of a company
2. Some countries, with establish Islamic economic system,
such as Sudan has imposed a maximm amount of
murabahah financing to 30 percent to encourage profit
and loss sharing financing, mudarabah and musyarakah
(Ascarya and Yumanita, 2005).
9. References
Elements that should be written in references are: first, the name of author. The name of
author should be written started by the last name of the author followed by coma (,), then
continued by the first name and the middle name of the author without including the
academic degree and any other title. Second, the issuance (year of publication). Third, the
title (include the subtitle) written in italics. Forth, the issuer name. Fifth, the place of
publication (city). Sixth, pages or the number of pages referenced.
Every author name in a team should be written. The type of letter used is the formal and
standard one; Times New Roman size 12 and not bold.
References from Book
The references from book must contain; name of author/ authors, issuance (year of
publication), the book title (written in italic), edition (if theres any), publisher, and place of
publication (city). For example:
Antonio, M. Syafii. 2001. Bank Syariah : Dari Teori ke
Praktik . 1st edition. Gema Insani Press. Jakarta.
If there several book referenced that have the same author and same year of publication, the
writing sequence should be referred to the book title in alphabetical order. For example:
Mudjrajat, K. Development Economics: Theory, Problems and Policy. 2006a. 4th
edition. STIM-YKPN. Yogyakarta.
Mudjrajat, K. Quantitative Methods: Theory and Applications for Business and
Economics. 2006b. 3rdedition. STIMYKPN.Yogyakarta.
Or :
___________. Quantitative Methods: Theory and Applications for Business and
Economics. 2006b. 3rdedition. STIMYKPN. Yogyakarta

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 22

References from papers

The papers mentioned is a book or article that contains more than one paper and it has and
editor/ editors. Editor name is written as standard from and at the end of the name written
the description of (Ed) if only an editor, or (Eds.) for editors and the title of the papers
written in italic. For example:
Mukhadis, H.A. 2000. Tata tulis artikel ilmiah. Page 51-65. In: H.A.
Saukah and M.G. Waseso (Eds.), Menulis Artikel untuk Jurnal
ilmiah. Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang.
References from scientific papers/ journals or magazines
The writing of a journal or magazine that referenced is based on the general rules. The title
of the paper is written with a capital letter at the beginning of the word. Journal name is
written in italics then followed by the writing of volume (year): pages. For example:
Swamidas, P.M., and Newel, W.T. 1987. Manufacturing Strategy, Enviroment
Uncertainty and Performance: a path analytic model. Management
Sciences. Vol. 33. No. 4. pp. 504-529.
Bourgeois, L.J., 2000. Strategy and Environment: a Conceptual Integration.
Academy of Management Review.Vol. 5.No. 1.pp.25- 39.

References from Proceedings or Book of Abstracts

The writing of proceedings or a book of abstracts that referenced is based on the general
rules. The proceedings or a book of abstracts are written in italics. For example:
Sulastri. 2003. Diversivikasi atau Refokus: Dampaknya terhadap Kinerja
Perusahaan. Proceeding Kolokium Program Doktor Bidang Kajian
Ilmu Manajemen Universitas Diponegoro. July 8th-11th 2003.
Semarang.
References from thesis, dissertation, or study reports
The title of thesis, dissertation, and study report are written in italics and in the end of the
sentence should be written unpublished inside brackets (). For example:
Damrin Ade. 2006. Organizational Citizenship Behaviours pada
Perguruan Tinggi Negeri di Indonesia. Thesis. Magister of
Management, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Purwokerto.
(unpublished).
Ratih Cahyaningtyas. K. 2007. Kontribusi Involvent dan Trust in Brand
dalam Mengembangkan Customer Loyalty. Thesis. Magister of
Management, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Purwokerto.
(unpublished).
THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 23

References from institution

The name of the institution is written first, followed by the year of issue, the title written in
italics, the name of the institution in charge of the publication, and place of publication. For
example:
Bank Indonesia Purwokerto. 2008. Statistik Ekonomi Keuangan Daerah
bulan Pebruari tahun 2008. Purwokerto.
References from translated works
The authors name is written first, followed by the year of publication, translated title that
written in italics, the words translated by., followed by the translator name, year of the
translated work published, publisher, and the publication place. For example:
Kotler, P. No year mentioned. Manajemen Pemasaran. Translated by
Hendra Teguh. 1997. Prendallindo. Jakarta.
References from papers that presented in the seminar or congress
The authors name is written first, followed by year, the title of paper written in italics,
words Paper presented in. , name of congress or seminar, organizing institution, place,
date of the congress or seminar. For example:
Mohammad B.S. 2008. Sinergitas Perguruan Tinggi Pemerintah dan
Korporasi dalam Membangun Keunggulan Kompetitif UKM.
Paper presented in Seminar Nasional Manajemen. Purwokerto.
December 6th 2008.
References from personal communication
The writing is the same as other references, but after the authors name written words
Personal communication written in italics, and place of the institution. For example:
Haryadi. 2008. Personal communication. Fakultas Pertanian , UNSOED,
Purwokerto.
Ahmad M, A. 2008. Personal communication. Kelurahan Sumampir.
Purwokerto
References from internet articles
If the article derived from journals, the reference is written as the printed articles. If the
article is from other sources, the reference is written the same as other article, but added by
the internet sources and the access date. For example:

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 24

Sri

Adiningsih. 2008. UKM Mustahil Bisa Bangkit Sendiri.

http://els.bappenas.go.id/upload/kliping/UMKM%20sk.pdf.
Accessed at November 29th 2008.

If the article derived from a personal e-mail with experts, the authors name is the sender
name, followed by the email address written inside the brackets (..), date, the topic of
the content of the material written in italics, receiver name and email address written inside
the brackets (..). For example:
Mavondo, F. (Felix.Mavondo@BusEco.monash.edu.au). September 1st
2008.Organizational
Learning.
E-mail
to
Suliyanto
(Suli_yanto@yahoo.com).

THESIS GUIDELINES

Page 25