2nd aeronautical

Landing gear

Dr. Tarak Othman

Ahmed Adel mostafa

David Sameh zakher

Mohamed ashraf Madboly

Landing gear
General types of landing gear :

tailwheel-type landing
gear (Conventional)

Tricycle landing gear

Tandem Gear , Boeing B-52

Landing gear
Design considerations:

Landing Gear should locate

near the center gravity (CG)
of the plane

Landing gear

Specifications landing gear:

Comfortable shock absorption

Short stopping distance (braking)
High rolling stability during ground maneuvering
Small storage volume
Low drag (specially for fixed landing gears)
High reliability and safety
Low maintenance
Low weight

Landing gear
Materials :
Composites will be integrated into gear because they
are stronger and cheaper than the current used high
strength steels and titanium
Ultra-High Tensile Steels are already being integrated
into the A400M and the B-787 landing gear, replacing
the low-alloy steels.
Research into organic matrix composites and metal
matrix composites using titanium are promising, though
still very expensive.
Fixed and Retractable Landing Gear:
Fixed : gear is attached to the airframe
and
remains exposed to the slipstream as
the aircraft is flown.
Retractable : Retractable
landing gear stow in fuselage
or wing compartments while in
flight.
As the speed of the aircraft
increases,
the drag caused by the landing
gear becomes greater and a
means to retract the gear to
eliminate parasite drag is
required,

Landing gear
Shock Absorbing and Non-Shock
Absorbing Landing Gear :
Shock Absorbing : the shock
energy is altered and transferred
throughout the airframe at a
different .rate and time than the
single strong pulse of impact,

Non-Shock Absorbing : the

shock is absorbed by
converting the energy into
heat energy.

Constriction:

Landing gear
Landing Gear Alignment :
a) Parallel to the longitudinal axis (aligned)
b) Converge on the longitudinal axis (tow-in)
c) Veer away from the longitudinal axis (tow-out)

Landing Gear Support:

Aircraft landing gear are attached to the
wing spars or other structural members.
Retractable gear must be engineered in
such a way as to provide strong
attachment to the aircraft and still be
able to move into a recess or well when
stowed. The trunion is a fixed structural
extension of the upper strut cylinder
with bearing surfaces that allow the
entire gear assembly to move.

Landing gear
Landing Gear Retraction:

Retraction Systems
The simplest contains a lever in the flight deck mechanically
linked to the gear. Through mechanical advantage, the pilot
extends and retracts the landing gear by operating the lever. Use
of a roller chain, sprockets, and a hand crank to decrease the
required force.
To decrease drag in flight some undercarriages retract into the
wings and/or fuselage with wheels flush against them surface or
concealed behind doors; this is called retractable gear.

Landing gear
Hydraulic power system :

Landing gear
Emergency Extension Systems :

The emergency extension system lowers

the landing gear if the main power system
fails.
Some aircraft have an emergency
release handle in the flight deck that is
connected through a mechanical
linkage to the gear up locks.
When the handle is operated, it
releases the up locks and allows the
gear to free-fall to the extended
position under the force created by
gravity acting upon the gear.
Other aircraft use a non-mechanical
back-up, such as pneumatic power, to
unlatch the gear.

10

Landing gear

Reference:

http://www.slideshare.net/rishikeshims/aircraft-landing-gear-system
http://www.slideshare.net/partyrocka99/landing-gear-for-aircraft
http://www.aviationworld.me/vb/t41.html
http://army-tech.net/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landing_gear
Book : Aircraft Landing Gear Systems ch 13

11

Landing gear

Note:
This dimension sheet is not the same as the S.W design.
( we got from the calculations "Non-Logic Piston diameter ",so we had to
change the dimension) .

12

Landing gear

13