Janzah Management

Introduction: al-Maut from Islamic Perspective

Al-Qurn, 3: 185, 21: 35, 29: 57, 31: 34.
Al-adth: (Refer to What appens after Death by Maulana Ahmad Saeed
Dehlawi, page 19 to 22).
Linkage with Previous Topics (Srah al-ijr: 99)
Preparation before Death the Owner, the Candidate
Duties of Those who Witness Pangs of Death (Family Members, Relatives, or Visitors)
Duties after Death
After Death, What is Permissible for the Visitor?
Relatives that Receive News of Death: What are the Demances upon them?
Forbidden Acts upon Relatives
Bathing and Shrouding of Mayyit
S alt Janzah
Burial of Mayyit
References
Funeral Rites in Islam by Dr. Abu Ameenah Bilal Philips
What appens after Death by Maulana Ahmad Saeed Dehlawi

35 :
Allah S.W.T. said:
Every soul will taste death. And We test you with evil and with good as trial; and to Us you will be
returned.
Srah al-Anbiy: 35.

99 :
And worship your Lord until there comes unto you the certainty (i.e. death)
Srah al-Ijr: 99.

Preparation before Death

1. Old age, retirement and sick
Mind setting for retire person, for sick people Ri with the Qa and Qar.
2. ave good suspicion with Allh, be patient with trial and pangs of deaths
3. Always in the stage of fear and hope (Dehlawi, p.18). In such situation, Allh
always favours what he hopes for. Do not lose hope of Allhs Mercy.
4. Should not desire for death. Delays of death normally have two (2) possibilities.
O Uncle, dont wish for death for verily if you were good and your death is
delayed, it will add more good to you to your previous goodness and it
will be better for you. And if you were bad, it will be better for you that
your death be delayed so you find fault in find fault in you bad deeds and
seek forgiveness So, dont wish for death.
5. If one is forces to do so, pray with this u:

"
"

O Allah, keeps me alive so long as there is goodness in life, but if death is better
for me, then give death to me.

6. Settle all the debts, loans, amnah, if there is any. If it is not possible, give
wa iyah or ask forgiveness for it (offence, crime, etc.) and disclose the status of
adopted child, if it has not been disclosed.
Adb of Debt (Honour or Homage) Compensate with good deeds / carry
the bad deeds of others. (Dehlawi, p. 22)
7. Wa iyah (not only during critical situation only). Daily wa iyah before sleep
(will). It is not right for a Muslim who has something to bequeath to pass
two nights without having it writing in his possession. (adth).

Bequeath: arrange (by making a will) to give (property, etc to

somebody) at death.

8. Wa iyah in inheritance (not more than one-third), 2: 180

Those who are not classified or listed as heirs to Muslims.
9. Wa iyah in an unexpected condition, 5: 106-107. (Travel) take witness.
10. There should be no harm in wa iyah, for those who deserve or give privilege
upon one another favouring one upon the other.
11. Wa iyah which are rejected and unjust in the case of freeing the slave before
death, or transfer the dead to other country (Dehlawi, p. 8)
12. Wa iyah in managing the Janzah: Ab Ms gave wa iyah when he is about
to die: When you carry my Janzah, make it quick in your step. Do not bring
along with me censer (vessel in which incense is burnt in churches). Do not put
on my lah what block between me and the earth, mud or soil. Do not build any
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monument on my grave. I take witness upon you all that Im free from all the
h liqah, liqah, or khriqah. They said: You heard something about it? e
said: Yes, I heard it from the Prophet S.A.W.. (Dehlawi, p. 8-9).

liqah ()

: Woman shaving her head.

liqah ()

: Woman wailing.

Khriqah ()

: Woman tearing her clothes.

Scratch, slap, call out woe, dishevel the hair

Shaving the Head or Dishevelling the Hair
It was the custom among Arabs prior to Islam that women in mourning shunned all forms
of beautification. They used to either shave off all of their hair or dishevel it and leave it in a
state of disarray, since the womans hair is considered as part of her beauty.
In Islm, women are required to shun various forms of beautification in order to
avoid attracting other men during their period of mourning, since contracting marriage
during that period is forbidden. owever, shaving the head and dishevelling the hair are
prohibited, as these acts go beyond normal bounds and are associated with pre-Islmic
concepts.

:













.











Ab Burdah ibn Ab Ms related that Ab Ms was overcome by severe pain
and lost consciousness while his head was in a lap of one of the women of his
family. The woman began scream, but he was unable to say anything to her.
When he regained consciousness, he said, I am blameless of what Allhs
Messenger declared himself blameless; the wailing woman, the one who shave
her head, and the one who tears her clothes1.

1 This addition is only found in Sahh Ibn ibbn and it is authenticated in Irw al-Ghall, 3/150.
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Duties of those who Witness Pangs of Death or Sick Person

1. Instruct him of the kalmah (critical situation of the unseen world)
2. Pray for him what is good, the angel will make mn for what you said Good Words
3. Talqn did not mean mention Shahah or teach Shahah during death or to
recite it for the death to listen. Talqn means instruct the decease to say
the hahdah * (kalmah)
4. Qirat Yn and turn the bed toward Qiblat (there is no authentic sources
commanded it).
5. Muslim can attend a kfir to present Islam to him; hopefully he will embrace
Islam (before being hang or die).
It must take place before the actual throes/pangs/agony of death
begin
6. Before Death
- Clean the finger nail
- air of the armpit and secret parts
The hahdah
Those people who are present should encourage the dying person to repeat after them the
Declaration of Faith (Shahah), confirming Allahs unique oneness (Tawh ) until he or
she passed away. Both Ab Sad al-Khudr and Ab urayrah quoted the Prophet S.A.W.
as saying:

Prompt your dying ones (to say) L Ilh Ill Allh2 and whoevers last word before dying
are L Ilh Ill Allh will enter Paradise one day, even if he is afflicted before that by
punishment3.

2 Sahh Muslim, 2/435, No. 1996, Sunan Ab Dwud, 2/887, No. 3111, Sunan Ibn Mjah, 2/365,
No. 1444, Mishkh al-Masbh, 1/337, Riyd al-Slihn, 2/474, No. 918.
3 This addition is only found in Sahh Ibn ibbn and it is authenticated in Irw al-Ghall, 3/150.
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Duties Upon or After Death

1. Close the eyes of the dead and pray for him the best
2. Loosen the joint, put something heavy on the stomach
3. Change the clothing and cover the whole body with cloth, blanket cloak, bed
sheet (a striped Yemeni cloak was drawn over Prophets body (when he died)
4. For Muh rim (Umrah & ajj) do not cover his head and face. (Women: face).
Ibn Hazm: After sunrise on the 10th of Dh al-Hijjah, treated as
normal dead person
5. Manage the Janzah as early as you could.
Hastening the burial: Delay to allow maximum number of relatives to
see the deceased is not permissible; delaying created the need of
embalming and unnecessary additional expenditure
6. Bury where he died, to avoid delay
Transporting the dead to another locality is h arm held by most
scholars. (al-Imm al-Nawaw)
7. Settle his debts and loans (as quickly as you could)
Outstanding debts before inheritance or wa iyah: if any remains,
should be paid by Islmic state or government
8. Police report, death certificate
9. Confirmation by doctor
10. If you need someone to bath the mayyit, book him, consult the mosque
committee, buy the necessary equipment for bathing, shrouding and burial
purposes. Ask them how much expenses that youve pay for all form bathing,
shrouding up to burial. Use the dead own money to the best you could before
give away the wa iyah and inheritance.

What is Permissible for the Visitor and Relatives?

1. Open the face, kiss or cry upon the mayyit (with mutilated).
Mourning period- 3 days (i)
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- 4 months 10 days (for ordinary wife)

- Until delivery (for pregnant wife)
2. Preparing food for the family.
3. Praising the Dead for those who knew the deceased well
4. Compulsory acts upon relatives on receiving news of death:
S abr and Ri with Qa
Build a house in Paradise for my slave House of Praise
Itirj (story of Umm Salmah)

O Allah. Grant me refuge/reward in my affliction and replace it with something

better.

What is Forbidden for the Visitor and Relatives?

1. Forbidden acts upon relatives
Screaming, lost control
Slap the face, become mad
Shave the hair
Keep the beard
Do not announce grandly or beyond what is permissible. E.g.: Announcing
from the minaret of the mosques.
2. Gathering to give condolences
3. Preparing food by family of deceased
Talbinah: Porridge made from flour, bran and honey
4. Mourning (i): No kohl in the eye, perfume, coloured cloth, ornament and
henna. Permissible to use small amount of incense after bathing at the end of
menses.
Mourning in husbands house career women (going to work), social visit
during mourning period is permissible
5. Chat among yourselves until you wish to go to sleep. Then each one should
return to her own house. (e.g.: the widow of martyred of Battle of Uhud).
6. Condole/condolence: Express sympathy, regret at a loss misfortune, etc.

alt
Janzah

Position of Imm:
1. ead (for men)
2. Middle (for women)
Place of Prayer:
1. Open space
2. Near the grave
3. In the mosque (permissible)
Position of Mamm:
1. Left and right of Imam (if number is little)
Kaifiyt:
1. For normal Mayyit:
a. Niyyah
b. Reciting Srah al-Ftih ah
c. S alawt
. Du
e. Stand still and Salm (One Salm)
2. For miscarriage Mayyit:
a. For 4 months and above Name, Kafn and pray for him/her.
b. For 4 months and less bury as normal
3. For Mabq:
a. Follow the Imam when you joining in
b. Before Imam give Salam, Qa what is missed (Srah al-Ftih ah, S alawt,
Du, what is possible), or else
c. Give Salm with the Imam
In the case of robber, suicider, the public perform the S alh, not advisable for governors
(Amr) to lead or to pray upon them as a lesson for him and the public.

Carry and Burial

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To carry from four angles (bier) (p. 75)

To walk quick, not rush

Those who follow, can walk in front, side and back

Makrh to bury on the prohibited time of S alh During sunrise, mid zenith or
on sunset.

Mayyit can be buried during day and night depend on what is more
convenient

For female mayyit, unnah to have veil during download

Sunnah to download from the leg side of the grave, if not possible, then from
the Qiblah side.

When download it, says:

Download preferably done by w and relatives or any Muslims

Sunnah to put the mayyit on his right blade facing the Qiblah. Do not put under
his head brick or stone as pillow

Do not open his face except Muh rim

Cover the lah with brick and with mud or clay

Sunnah for every Muslim to push some soil into the grave three after download

Sunnah to raise the grave a little higher above the ground and put some stone
and pour some water on the stone and put a big stone on the head part. All
these are to indicate to other that there is a grave, do not disgrace or stamp on
it.

There should not be any writing, painting, carving, squatting or stamping on the
grave. No monument is allowed on the grave.

Do not bury two in one grave except arr separate them with soil and mud

Prepare food for the deceased family as commanded by our Prophet S.A.W. to
lessen their burden.

Give condolence to the deceased family

Adab on the Grave

What to say when visit the grave:

Remind Muslim who engrand the grave tabarruk with grave and seek protection
or karmah from grave

For men unnah to visit the grave

For women prohibited to join the funeral procession, if the crowding is big
(permissible with strict restriction) (p. 76-77).

Shoes and sandals should be removed by those walking between the graves.

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Bathing and Shrouding of Mayyit

Apparatus needed:
White cloth (60 x 22 yard)
Glove, cotton, cotton-bud, bandage cloth (dentist), towel
Soap, shampoo
Scissors,
erbs, Chemical Scents and Tib
1. Sir,
2. Kfr,
3. Bakhr,
4. an,
5. Perfume
Priority Bathing
Priority given to those the mayyit request, then the father, the relatives and
children
If the mayyit is...

Then...

Female

er mother or daughter washes

her

usband

is wife washes her

Wife

er husband washes him

Children (7 years old and below,

male or female)
Man (died among women or vice
verse)

Wash by men or women

Do not bath, but tayammum only

Bathing Procedures:
1. Observe the aurah while performing the Ghul for mayyit (who are above
seven).
2. First perform the cleaning and itinj handle gently. Cleaning with soap,
shampoo or warm water, if necessary
3. Ensure there is nothing that will prevent reach of water
4. Recite Bamalah, niyyah and make wu for him
5. When taking wu , do not pour water in the mouth or nose, but clean the teeth
and mouth, with wet bandage cloth or cotton bud
6. Sunnah to wash the head with herbal foam, and his beard and the whole body
7. Start with the right side and back them left and the back
8. Sunnah to wash three times seven or exceed seven, if necessary.
9. Make the last wash with scent (e.g. kfr)
10. Sunnah to wash with cold water
11. Soap could be applied, but do not scratch
Other additional:
1. Cut the fingernails and moustache if it is abnormal, but not the hair of armpit
and secret parts.

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2. Not advisable to comb the hair because it may fall or break. For women, make
three plaits and let it behind her back.
3. Advisable to dry the mayyit with towel after ghul
4. If motion, urine, blood still come out after 7 washes, then wash it and block it
with cotton then wash it, then wake wu for the mayyit.
5. But if that still happen after shrouding, then leave it as it is because it become
mahaqqah
Supplication for the Mayyit in the alh

.

O Allh, forgives and have mercy upon him, excuse him and pardon him, and make
honourable his reception. Expand his entry and cleanse him with water, snow and ice, and
purify him of sin as a white robe is purified of filth. Exchange his house for a better home,
and his family for a better family, and his spouse for a better spouse. Admit him into the
Garden. Protect him from the punishment of the grave and the torment of the fire.
Supplication for the Mayyit

O Allh, forgive our living and our dead, those present and those absent, our young and
our old, our males and our females. O Allah, whom amongst us You keep alive, then let
such a life be upon Islam, and whom amongst us You take unto Yourself, then let such a
death be upon faith. O Allah, do not deprive us of his reward and do not let us stray after
him.

O Allh, so-and-so is under Your care and protection, so protect him from the trial of the
grave and torment of the Fire. Indeed, You are faithful and truthful. Forgive and have
mercy upon him, surely You are the Oft-Forgiving, the Most-Merciful.

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O Allh, Your servant and the son of Your maidservant is in need of Your mercy and You
are without need of his punishment. If he was righteous then increase his reward and if he
was wicked then look over his sins.
Supplication for the Advancement of Reward during the alh4
Invocations for a child in the funeral prayer (refer to page 14). After seeking forgiveness for
the decreased, one can say:

.









O Allh, make him a preceding reward and a stored treasure for his parents, and an
answered intercessor. O Allh, through him, makes heavy their scales and magnify their
reward. Unite him with the righteous believers, place him under the care of Ibrhm and
protect him by Your mercy from the torment of ell.
Al-asan used to recite the opening chapter of the Quran (i.e. al-Ftih ah) over the child
and then supplicate:

O Allh, make him a preceding reward, a prepayment and a recompense for us.
Condolence

...

.




Verily to Allh, belongs what e took and to im belongs what e gave, and everything
with im has a appointed time and then he (S all Allh Alayh Wa Sallam) ordered for
her to be patient and hope for Allhs reward 5.
and one can also say:

May Allh magnify your reward, make better your solace and forgive your deceased 6.
Placing the Deceased in the Grave

4 This supplication is made when the deceased is a baby/child (i.e. one not having reached the
age of puberty).
rd
5 The words (



) are commands in the feminine 3 person form, so they will
need to be changed in respect to who is being addressed.
6 This is the words of some of the scholars, not a ath.
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In the name of Allah and upon the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah

After Burying the Deceased

After the Prophet (S all Allh Alayh Wa Sallam) would bury the deceased, he would stand
by the grave and say: Seek forgiveness for your brother and pray that he remains firm, for
he is now being questioned.
Visiting the Graves

Peace be upon you all, O inhabitants of the graves, amongst the believers and the
Muslims. Verily we will, Allh wiling, be united with you, we ask Allah for well-being for us
and you.
Invocations for a child in the funeral prayer

((


)) :
))

.((

O Allh, protect him from the torment of the grave. [It i alo goo to ay:] O Allh, make
him a precursor, a forerunner and a treasure for his parents and an answered intercessor.
O Allh, make him weigh heavily in their scales (of good) and magnify their reward. Make
him join the righteous of the believers. Make him join the righteous of the believers. Place
him in the care of Ibrhm. Save him by Your mercy from the torment of ell. Give him a
home better than his home and a family better than his family. O Allh, forgive those who
have gone (i.e. passed away) before us, our children lost (by death), and those who have
preceded us in faith.

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APPENDIX
What Happen after Death by Maulana Ahmad Saeed Dehlawi
Death is a Comfort for Believers
1. Abu Qatdah R.A. narrates that once a funeral passed by the Holy Prophet S.A.W.
who asked if it was Mustarh or Mustarh minh. The companions asked what he
meant by those words. The Prophet S.A.W. said that through death, a believer passes
on to the Mercy of Allah and is relieved of the worries and troubles of the world.
While a transgressor or evil doer relieves men, animals and other objects of the world
from the worries and troubles through death.
(al-Bukhr, Muslim)
That is due to ill luck of the transgressor, rain is stopped whereby grain and vegetation do
not grow and all suffer trouble. The death of such a person removes the trouble of all others as rain
begins to fall and vegetation grows.
Note: Mustarh means one receiving comfort and Mustarh minh means one by whom others
are comforted.
2. Masrq R.A. used to say that he did not envy anything so much as a believer in the
chamber of his grave where he was relieved of the worries of the world and was in
peace from the torments. The words of Ab Shaybah are that there is nothing better
for a believer than his grave in which he is free from the punishment of Allah and
relieved of the worries of the world.
(Ibn al-Mubrak, Ibn Ab al-Duny)

Preparation for Death and its Remembrance

1. Ab Hurayrah R.A. quotes the Holy Prophet S.A.W. to have stated: People
remember the destroyer of comfort, the death abundantly.
(al-Tirmidh, Ibn Mjah, al-Nas)
2. Anas R.A. quotes the Holy Prophet S.A.W. to have stated that as soon as one
remembers death during the days of ones poverty and destitution, one gets relieved
of the pangs of poverty and as soon as one remembers it during ones prosperous day,
it disrupts his pleasure.
(Bazaz)
It means that its remembrance in prosperity disrupts the pleasures and the same in poverty relieves
the person of its pangs.
3. Umar R.A. says that someone asked the Holy Prophet S.A.W. who was wiser than
the others. The Prophet S.A.W. replied: One who remembered death abundantly and
remained busy in preparations for the after-death is wiser.
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(Ibn Majah)
4. Shaddd ibn Aus R.A. quotes the Holy Prophet to have stated that the man who
controls his desires and does proper action for after-death is wiser while the man who
puts hope in Allah but subjugates his actions to the worldly desires entirely is
imprudent.
(al-Tirmidh, Ibn Mjah)
5. Anas R.A. quotes the Holy Prophet S.A.W. to have commanded to remember death
abundantly as it keeps away sins and develops indifference to the world. If you
remember death in prosperity the former would minimise the value of the latter and if
you remember it in adversities, it would make you contented with the conditions.
(Ibn Ab al-Duny)

Pangs of Death
1. ishah R.A. while describing the fatal illness of the Holy Prophet S.A.W. states
that a vessel of leather or wood filled with water was kept near him and he used to
dip his both hands into it and wet his face reciting L ilh illa Allh (there is none
worthy of worship except Allah and that the pangs of death were very severe.
(al-Bukhr)
2. ishah R.A. also says that since she has seen severity of the death of the Prophet
S.A.W., she does not envy any bodys easy death.
(al-Tirmidh)
3. Ibn Masd R.A. narrates that the soul of a believer comes out with his sweat but the
soul of a non-believer is squeezed out was that of a donkey. Severity of death atones
for the sins committed by the believers and the good acts committed by a nonbeliever are rewarded by making his death easy.
(al-Tabrn, Kabir, Ab Nam)
4. Wahd ibn Dard is the source for quoting a sacred tradition that if Allah intends to be
Merciful to anyone after his death, He makes him suffer ailments, loss of children
and shortening of Sustenance like tragedies, etc. to undo the sins he had committed in
the world. If still there are certain sins standing, the pangs of death are made severer
so that he comes to Him purified as he was at the time of his birth. Contrarily, if He
wants anybody to put to torture after death, he gives return of all his good acts in this
world, affluence of sustenance, ease and comfort and makes his death easier if still
some good acts are left unrewarded. So that when he reaches Him, no good act is left
for reward to save him from Hell.
(Majalis Dainuri)
5. Alqamah R.A. also reports that when his nephews death approached he went to him
and found that his forehead was perspiring. Seeing this he began to laugh. When
people asked what made him laugh, he said that he recalled the words of Ibn Masd
R.A. that a believers soul comes out with sweat on his forehead while a non-believer
or transgressor dies like a donkey.

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6. ishah R.A. quotes that the Holy Prophet S.A.W. to have said that for a believer
there is reward in everything and even severity of death is rewarded.
(Ibn Mjah)
7. It is said by Baridah R.A that the Holy Prophet S.A.W. saying that for a believer
passed away while the sweat is still on his forehead.
(al-Tirmidh, Ibn Mjah, al-Hkim)
8. Salmn al-Fris R.A. says that he had heard the Holy Prophet S.A.W. saying that
when the death of anyone is near he should carefully observe three things in him, i.e.
whether his forehead is perspiring, whether his eyes are wet and whether his nostrils
are dilated. If these signs are visible, take it that Allahs Mercy is on him. But if he
snarls like camel goes on pressing his throat, his colour becomes red and the corners
of his mouth are brown (like the ash) he should take it that he is under the
Punishment of Allah.
(Nowadarul Usool)

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