Chapter 7 REVIEW

7.1 Equivalent Forms of Exponential Equations 7.3 Product and Quotient Laws of Logarithms
1. Write each as a power of 4. 9. Evaluate, using the laws of logarithms.

a) 64 b) 4
1
c) _ )5
d) ( √8
3 a) log6 8 ⫹ log6 27
16
b) log4 128 ⫺ log4 8
2. Write each as a power of 5. c) 2 log 2 ⫹ 2 log 5
a) 20 b) 0.8
3. Solve each equation. Check your answers using
( )
d) 2 log 3 ⫹ log _25
2
graphing technology. 10. Write as a single logarithm.
a) 35x ⫽ 27x ⫺ 1 b) 82x ⫹ 1 ⫽ 32x ⫺ 3 a) log7 8 ⫹ log7 4 ⫺ log7 16
1
b) 2 log a ⫹ log (3b) ⫺ _ log c
7.2 Techniques for Solving Exponential 2
Equations 11. Write as a sum or difference of logarithms.
4. A 50-mg sample of cobalt-60 decays to 40 mg Simplify, if possible.
after 1.6 min.
a) Determine the half-life of cobalt-60.
a) log (a2bc) ( )
b) log _ k
√m
b) How long will it take for the sample to 12. Simplify and state any restrictions on the
decay to 5% of its initial amount? variables.

5. Solve exactly. a) log (2m ⫹ 6) ⫺ log (m2 ⫺ 9)

a) 3x ⫺ 2 ⫽ 5x b) 2k ⫺ 2 ⫽ 3k ⫹ 1 b) log (x2 ⫹ 2x ⫺ 15) ⫺ log (x2 ⫺ 7x ⫹ 12)

6. Use Technology Refer to question 5. 7.4 Techniques for Solving Logarithmic

a) Use a calculator to find an approximate
value for each solution, correct to three
decimal places.
b) Use graphing technology to check your
solutions.
7. Solve each equation. Check for extraneous roots.
a) 42x ⫺ 4x ⫺ 20 ⫽ 0 b) 2x ⫹ 12(2)⫺x ⫽ 7
8. A computer, originally purchased for $2000,
loses value according to the exponential
()
_t
equation V(t) ⫽ 2000 _ 1 h , where V is the
2
value, in dollars, of the computer at any time,
t, in years, after purchase and h represents the
half-life, in years, of the value of the computer.
After 1 year, the computer has a value of
approximately $1516.
a) What is the half-life of the value of the
computer?
b) How long will it take for the computer to
be worth 10% of its purchase price?
Equations
13. Solve.
a) log (2x ⫹ 10) ⫽ 2 b) 1 ⫺ log (2x) ⫽ 0
14. Solve log2 x ⫹ log2 (x ⫹ 2) ⫽ 3. Check for
extraneous roots.
15. Use Technology Check your answer to
question 14 using graphing technology.
16. When you drink a cup of coffee or a glass
of cola, or when you eat a chocolate bar,
the percent, P, of caffeine remaining in your
bloodstream is related to the elapsed time, t,
( log P
in hours, by t ⫽ 5 __ . )
log 0.5
a) How long will it take for the amount of
caffeine to drop to 20% of the amount
consumed?
b) Suppose you drink a cup of coffee at 9:00 a.m.
What percent of the caffeine will remain in
your body at noon?

408 MHR • Advanced Functions • Chapter 7

7.5 Making Connections: Mathematical
Modelling With Exponential and
Logarithmic Equations
17. A savings bond offers interest at a rate of
6.6%, compounded semi-annually. Suppose
that a $500 bond is purchased.
a) Write an equation for the value of the
investment as a function of time, in years.
b) Determine the value of the investment after
5 years.
c) How long will it take for the investment to
double in value?
d) Describe how the shape of the graph of this
function would change if
i) a bonus of 1% of the principal were added
after 3 years had passed
ii) the size of the initial investment were
doubled

PROBLEM WRAP-UP
CHAPTER

The annual Summer-Fest concert in Decimal a) Create a scatter plot of the data.
Point has been gaining popularity. Word of the
b) Use regression to determine a curve of
combination of excellent performing acts and
best fit. Explain why your choice of curve
a picturesque concert site has spread quickly,
makes sense for this situation.
even to some of the large cities in the south.
Attendance figures at Summer-Fest are shown c) How many fans do you expect to attend the
in the table. i) 2010 concert?
ii) 2015 concert?
Year Number of Paid Admissions
2000 450 d) Integer Island has certain restrictions due
2001 512 to the physical limitations of the site:
2002 606 • The concert venue has a capacity of
2003 718 5000 people.
2004 815 • Parking facilities can accommodate no
2005 956 more than 1800 vehicles.
2006 1092
Predict when the concert organizers will
2007 1220
have to consider changing the location of
Summer-Fest. Use mathematical reasoning
to support your answer.
y
sswa

Town of
Decimal Point e) What other measures could be taken to
xpre

Integer Island
(home of keep Summer-Fest on Integer Island?
ute E

Summer-Fest!) Describe what you could do, as an urban

re Ro

planner, to preserve this popular northern

tradition. Use mathematical reasoning
Squa

Logarithm Lake Geometropolis to support your plans and to predict for

(the Big City!)
how much longer Decimal Point can put
off finding a new concert venue, without
having to turn any fans away at the gate.
Discuss any assumptions you must make.

Chapter 7 Review • MHR 409