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CH302 Exam 4 Practice Problems (buffers, titrations, Ksp)

Equilibrium Constants
The following equilibrium constants will be useful for some of the problems.
Substance
HCO2H
HNO2
HOCl
HF
HCN
H2SO4
HOBr

Constant
Ka = 1.8 10-4
Ka = 4.5 10-4
Ka = 3.5 10-8
Ka = 7.2 10-4
Ka = 4.0 10-10
K1 = very large
K2 = 1.2 10-2
K a = 2.5 10-9

Substance
H2CO3
(COOH)2
CH3COOH
C6H5NH2
NH3

Constant
K1 = 4.2 10-7
K2 = 4.8 10-11
K1 = 5.9 10-2
K2 = 6.4 10-5
Ka = 1.8 10-5
Kb = 4.2 10-10
Kb = 1.8 10-5

1. Refer to Equilibrium Constants. What is the [H3O+] of a solution that is 0.0100 M in HOCl and 0.0300 M in
NaOCl?
a. 2.14 10-7 M
d. 2.29 10-8 M
-7
b. 1.45 10 M
e. 1.17 10-8 M
-8
c. 7.41 10 M
2. Refer to Equilibrium Constants. A solution is made by combining 500 mL of 0.10 M HF with 300 mL of 0.15 M
NaF. What is the pH of the solution?
a. 2.97
d. 3.22
b. 3.10
e. 3.32
c. 3.19
3. Refer to Equilibrium Constants. A solution that is 0.20 M in NH3 is also 0.30 M in NH4Cl. What is the [OH-] in
this solution?
a. 4.5 10-6 M
d. 6.4 10-4 M
-5
b. 1.2 10 M
e. 2.4 10-7 M
c. 7.4 10-5 M
4. Refer to Equilibrium Constants. What is the pH of a solution that is 0.080 M in aqueous ammonia and 0.040 M in
NH4Cl?
a. 2.92
d. 9.56
b. 4.44
e. 11.08
c. 7.00
5. Refer to Equilibrium Constants. Which one of the following combinations is not a buffer solution?
a. NH3 - (NH4)2SO4
d. NH3 - NH4Br
b. HBr - KBr
e. CH3COOH - NaCH3COO
c. HCN - NaCN
6. Refer to Equilibrium Constants. Which response contains all the statements true of buffer solutions, and no false
statements?
I.
II.
III.
IV.

A buffer solution could consist of equal concentrations of ammonia and ammonium

bromide.
A buffer solution could consist of equal concentrations of perchloric acid, HClO4,
and sodium perchlorate.
A buffer solution will change only slightly in pH upon addition of acid or base.
In a buffer solution containing benzoic acid, C6H5COOH, and sodium benzoate,
NaC6H5COO, the species that reacts with added [OH-] is the benzoate ion.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

a. II, III, and IV

d. I and III
b. I and IV
e. another combination
c. II and III
Refer to Equilibrium Constants. A solution is initially 0.100 M in HOCl and 0.300 M in NaOCl. What is the pH if
0.030 mol of solid NaOH is added to 1.00 L of this solution? Assume no volume change.
a. 5.24
d. 8.13
b. 5.38
e. 9.06
c. 8.02
Refer to Equilibrium Constants. What is the pH of a solution that is 0.15 M in HOCl and 0.25 M NaOCl after
0.050 mol HCl per liter has been bubbled into the solution?
a. 7.46
d. 7.23
b. 6.15
e. 7.93
c. 6.98
Refer to Equilibrium Constants. If 0.40 g of solid NaOH is added to 1.0 liter of a buffer solution that is 0.10 M in
CH3COOH and 0.10 M in NaCH3COO, how will the pH of the solution change?
a. The pH increases from 4.74 to 4.83.
d. The pH decreases from 4.74 to 4.65.
b. The pH decreases from 7.00 to 4.83.
e. The pH increases from 4.74 to 7.00.
c. The pH does not change.
Refer to Equilibrium Constants. What is the [H3O+] of a solution resulting from the mixture of 10.0 mL of 0.200
M KF with 20.0 mL of 0.100 M hydrofluoric acid, HF?
a. 5.6 10-5 M
d. 4.1 10-3 M
b. 3.4 10-2 M
e. 7.2 10-4 M
-3
c. 1.7 10 M
Refer to Equilibrium Constants. It is desired to buffer a solution at pH = 4.30. What molar ratio of CH3COOH to
NaCH3COO should be used?
a. 1.2/1
d. 2.8/1
b. 0.8/1
e. 6.2/1
c. 0.12/1
Refer to Equilibrium Constants. One of the following buffer solutions has pOH = 5.05. Which one? Hint: Solve
the general problem rather than 5 specific problems.
a. 0.10 M NH3 and 0.10 M NH4Cl
d. 0.050 M NH3 and 0.20 M NH4Cl
b. 0.10 M NH3 and 0.20 M NH4Cl
e. 0.20 M NH3 and 0.050 M NH4Cl
c. 0.20 M NH3 and 0.10 M NH4Cl
Refer to Equilibrium Constants. If 0.10 mole of HCl is bubbled into 1.0 liter of 0.25 M NH3 solution, what will be
the pH of the resulting solution?
a. 9.08
d. 4.92
b. 4.56
e. 9.44
c. 9.68
Refer to Equilibrium Constants. The nonionized form of an acid indicator is yellow, and its anion is blue. The Ka
of this indicator is 10-6. What will be the approximate pH range over which this indicator changes color?
a. 3-5
d. 8-10
b. 4-6
e. 9-11
c. 5-7
Refer to Equilibrium Constants. The equivalence point of the titration of an unknown base with HCl is at pH =
5.90. What would be the Ka for the best choice of an indicator for this titration?
a. 10-2
d. 10-6
-4
b. 10
e. 10-7
-8
c. 10

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16. Refer to Equilibrium Constants. What is the pH at the point in a titration at which 20.00 mL of 1.000 M KOH has
been added to 25.00 mL of 1.000 M HBr?
a. 1.67
d. 2.71
b. 0.95
e. 1.22
c. 3.84
17. Refer to Equilibrium Constants. Which titration curve could describe the titration of a solution of HCl by addition
of a solution of KOH?
a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

18. Refer to Equilibrium Constants. Which indicator could be used to titrate aqueous NH3 with HCl solution?
Acid Range Color

pH Range

Basic Range Color

1.2-2.8
yellow
a. pink
blue
3.4-4.6
yellow
b.
yellow
6.5-7.8
purple
c.
colorless
8.3-9.9
red
d.
e. none of these indicators
19. Refer to Equilibrium Constants. Calculate the pH of a solution prepared by adding 60.0 mL of 0.100 M NaOH to
100. mL of 0.100 M CH3COOH solution.
a. 4.56
d. 5.08
b. 4.92
e. 5.16
c. 5.00

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20. Refer to Equilibrium Constants. Calculate the pH of a solution resulting from the addition of 50.0 mL of 0.30 M
HNO3 to 50.0 mL of 0.30 M NH3.
a. 4.92
d. 5.04
b. 7.46
e. 8.30
c. 6.18
21. Refer to Equilibrium Constants. Which of the following titrations could the following curve describe?

a. NaOH added to HF
d. KOH added to HClO4
b. HCl added to aqueous NH3
e. HNO3 added to NaOH
c. CH3COOH added to aqueous NH3
22. Refer to Equilibrium Constants. A 50.0 mL solution of a 0.10 M weak monoprotic acid was mixed with 20.0 mL
of 0.10 M KOH, and the resulting solution was diluted to 100. mL. The pH of the solution was found to be 5.25.
What is the ionization constant for the acid?
a. 1.2 10-4
d. 3.8 10-6
-4
b. 4.6 10
e. 6.4 10-7
-6
c. 1.4 10
23. Refer to Equilibrium Constants. Consider the titration of 30.0 mL of 0.0200 M nitrous acid, HNO2, by adding
0.0500 M aqueous ammonia to it. Which statement is true? The solution is buffered __.
a. before the equivalence point only
d. before and at the equivalence point
b. at the equivalence point only
e. before and after the equivalence point
c. after the equivalence point only
24. Refer to Equilibrium Constants. Consider the titrations of the pairs of aqueous acids and bases listed at the left.
Which pair is incorrectly described (at the right) in terms of the acidic, basic, or neutral character of the solutions
at the equivalence point?
Acid-Base Pair

Character at Equivalence Point

a. HClO + NaOH
acidic
b. HNO3 + Ca(OH)2
neutral
basic
c. CH3COOH + KOH
d. HCl + NH3
acidic
neutral
e. CH3COOH + NH3
25. Which of the following solubility product expressions is incorrect?
a.

= [Ag+]2[S2-]

b.

= [Ca2+][F-]2

c.
d.
e.

= [Sb2+]3[S3-]2
= [Cu2+][S2-]
= [Ag+]3[PO43-]

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26. How is the Ksp of Ca3(PO4)2 related to s, the molar solubility of Ca3(PO4)2?
a. Ksp = 4s5
d. Ksp = 54s4
3
b. Ksp = 27s
e. Ksp = 108s5
5
c. Ksp = 18s
27. Calculate the solubility product constant for aluminum hydroxide. Its molar solubility is 2.9 10-9 mole per liter
at 25C.
a. 9.8 10-26
d. 2.1 10-34
-26
b. 4.9 10
e. 1.9 10-33
-35
c. 7.1 10
28. The solubility of Fe(OH)2 is 3.00 10-3 g in 2.00 liters at 18C. What is its Ksp at 18C?
a. 4.92 10-12
d. 1.86 10-14
-9
b. 6.03 10
e. 2.11 10-11
-10
c. 2.44 10
29. The solubility of cobalt(III) hydroxide is 54 pg/100. mL of water at 25C. Calculate the Ksp for cobalt(III)
hydroxide at 25C.
a. 5.8 10-46
d. 5.8 10-50
-45
b. 1.7 10
e. 1.6 10-48
c. 1.6 10-44
30. The Ksp for magnesium arsenate is 2.1 10-20 at 25C. What is the molar solubility of Mg3(AsO4)2 at 25C?
a. 6.7 10-3 M
d. 7.0 10-5 M
b. 3.6 10-4 M
e. 1.4 10-6 M
-5
c. 4.5 10 M
31. Calculate the concentration of OH- ions in a saturated Mn(OH)2 solution. The solubility product for Mn(OH)2 is
4.6 10-14.
a. 1.0 10-5 M
d. 3.2 10-5 M
b. 2.0 10-5 M
e. 4.5 10-5 M
-5
c. 1.6 10 M
32. Calculate the pH in a saturated Mn(OH)2 solution. The solubility product for Mn(OH)2 is 4.6 10-14.
a. 9.0
d. 9.5
b. 9.2
e. 9.7
c. 9.3
33. Calculate the concentration of F- ions in saturated CaF2 solution at 25C. Ksp = 3.9 10-11.
d. 0.032 M
a. 2.1 10-4 M
b. 4.3 10-4 M
e. 0.10 M
c. 0.016 M
34. What mass of Zn(OH)2 is contained in 1.0 liter of saturated solution? Ksp = 4.5 10-17.
a. 0.00011 g
d. 0.010 g
b. 0.00022 g
e. 0.016 g
c. 0.00044 g
35. The solubility product constant for MgF2 is 6.4 10-9. How many grams of MgF2will dissolve in 150 mL of H2O
at 25C?
a. 1.1 10-2 g
d. 6.0 10-4 g
-3
b. 5.8 10 g
e. 2.2 10-3 g
-1
c. 4.7 10 g

CH302 Exam 4 Practice Problems (buffers, titrations, Ksp)

Answer Section
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The Common Ion Effect and Buffer Solutions

The Common Ion Effect and Buffer Solutions
The Common Ion Effect and Buffer Solutions
The Common Ion Effect and Buffer Solutions
Buffering Action
Buffering Action
Buffering Action
Buffering Action
Buffering Action
Preparation of Buffer Solutions
Preparation of Buffer Solutions
Preparation of Buffer Solutions
Preparation of Buffer Solutions
Acid-Base Indicators
Acid-Base Indicators
Strong Acid/Strong Base Titration Curves
Strong Acid/Strong Base Titration Curves
Weak Acid/Strong Base and Weak Base/Strong Acid Titration Cu
Weak Acid/Strong Base and Weak Base/Strong Acid Titration Cu
Weak Acid/Strong Base and Weak Base/Strong Acid Titration Cu
Weak Acid/Strong Base and Weak Base/Strong Acid Titration Cu
Weak Acid/Strong Base and Weak Base/Strong Acid Titration Cu
Weak Acid/Weak Base Titration Curves
Weak Acid/Weak Base Titration Curves
Solubility Product Constants
Determination of Solubility Product Constants
Determination of Solubility Product Constants
Determination of Solubility Product Constants
Determination of Solubility Product Constants
Uses of Solubility Product Constants
Uses of Solubility Product Constants
Uses of Solubility Product Constants
Uses of Solubility Product Constants
Uses of Solubility Product Constants
Uses of Solubility Product Constants