Chemical Properties of Materials

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Being an Engineers it importance to have the knowledge of

chemical properties of engineering materials. Because most the
engineering materials come into contact of other materials react
chemically to each other. Due to this chemical reaction they may
suffers from chemical deterioration. Some of the chemical
properties of engineering materials are listed below

1. Chemical composition 2. Atomic

resistance 4. Acidity or Alkalinity

bonding

3.

Corrosion

Chemical Composition

The chemical composition of engineering material indicates the

elements which are combined together to form that material.
Chemical composition of material effects the properties of
engineering material very much. The strength, hardness, ductility,
brittleness, corrosion resistance, weldability etc. depend on
chemical composition of material. Hence, we should also have the
knowledge of chemical composition of engineering material. For
Example the Chemical compositions of some materials are listed
belowSl. No. Material

Chemical Composition

1.

Steel

Fe, Cr, Ni

2.

Brass

Cu = 90%, Ni = 10%

3.

Bronze

90% Cu, 10% Ni

4.

Invar

Fe = 64%, Ni = 36%

5.

Gun Metal

Cu = 88%, Tin = 10%, Zn = 2

6.

German Silver or Nickel Silver or

Electrum

Cu = 50%, Zn = 30%, Ni = 20

7.

Nichrome

Ni = 60%, Cr = 15%, Fe = 25

8.

Phosphor Bronge

9.

Manganin

Cu = 84%, Mn = 12%, Ni = 4%

10.

Constantan

Cu = 60%, Ni = 40%

Cu = 89 95.50% , Tin = 3.50

= 1%

Atomic Bonding

Atomic bonding represents how atoms are bounded to each other

to form the material. Many properties, such as melting point,
boiling point, thermal conductivity & electrical conductivity of
materials are governed by atomic bonding of materials. Hence, to
understand the properties of materials, it is very important to
study the atomic bonding of materials. Atomic bonds in materials
are of following types, i. Ionic bond from by exchanging of
valence electrons between atoms. ii. Covalent bonds from by
sharing of electrons between atoms. iii. Metallic bonds found in
metals.
Corrosion Resistance

Corrosion is a gradual chemical or electrochemical attack on a

metal by its surrounding medium. Due to the corrosion, metal
starts converted into an oxide, salt or some other compound.
Corrosion of a metals is effected by many factors such as air,
industrial atmosphere, acid, bases, slat solutions & soils etc.

Corrosion has a very adverse effect on material. Due to corrosion,

the strength & life of material is reduced, which results. Corrosion
resistance of a material is the ability of material to resist the
oxidation in atmospheric condition. Generally the pure metal such
as iron, copper, aluminum etc. get corroded in slowly in
atmosphere. To avoid the corrosion of these metal in pure form,
we use these metals in the form of alloys such as stainless steel,
brass, bronze, German silver, Gunmetal etc.
Acidity or Alkalinity

Acidity or Alkalinity is very important chemical property of

engineering materials. Material is acetic or Alkane, it is decided
by the ph value of material. Ph value of material varies from 0 to
14. Ph value of 7 is considered to be neutral. Ordinary water is
having ph value of 7. The material which are having ph value
below 7 are called Acetic & Materials which are having ph value
greater than 7 are called alkane. Acidity of Alkalinity of material
indicates that how the react with other materials.
Previous
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Electrical Engineering Objective Questions MCQ
Electrical Conductor
Electrical Engineering Materials
Classification of Engineering Materials
Classification of Electrical Engineering Materials
Physical Properties of Materials
Digital Sequential Switching Circuit
Mechanical Properties of Engineering Materials
Latches and Flip Flops
Digital Encoder or Binary Encoder

Electrical Properties of Engineering Materials

Magnetic Properties of Engineering Materials
Selection of Material for Engineering Application
Bases of existence of properties in materials
Factors Effecting the Resistivity of Electrical Materials
Classification of Electrical Conducting Material
Temperature Coefficient of Resistance
Low Resistivity or High Conductivity of Conducting Material
High Resistivity or Low Conductivity Conducting Material
Materials used for Heating Elements
Materials used for Precious Works
Materials for Lamp Filaments
Materials used for Rheostats
Materials Used for Transmission Line Conductor

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