OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY (OSH) PROCEDURES AND 5S

SAFETY
SAFETY refers to the physical or environmental conditions of work which allow
the workers to perform his or her job without or within acceptable exposure to
hazards.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY also refers to practices related to production and
work process.
HEALTH means a sound state of the body and mind of the workers that enables
him or her to perform the job normally.
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY STANDARDS are mandatory rules
and standards set and enforced to eliminate or reduce occupational safety and
health hazards in the workplace.
OSH STANDARD aim to provide at least the minimum acceptable degree of
protection that must be afforded to every worker in relation to the working
conditions and dangers of injury, sickness or death that may be arise by reason
or her occupation.
GENERAL OSH STANDARDS covered all establishment, workplaces and other
undertakings, including agricultural enterprises whether operating for profit or
not, except: residential places exclusively devoted to dwelling places. Those
directly engaged in land, sea and air transportation, except their dry Dockers,
garages, hangars and maintenance and repair shop and offices; the activities of
a lessee regarding the safety of the mining claim or lease, including mines
safety, mineral conservation and pollution in establishments or work places
falling under mining industry.
HAZARD AND RISKS IDENTIFICATION
HAZARD a potentially dangerous inherent property of a substance and
materials that may exist to cause harm to human health or the environment.
RISK probability that a given exposure to a substance will cause harm.
Causes of hazards:
1. Natural Hazard include anything that is caused by a natural process
and can include obvious hazards such as volcanoes to smaller scale
hazards such as loose rocks on a hillside.
2. Man-made Hazard are created by humans, whether long-term (such
as global warming) or immediate (like the hazards present at a
construction site). These include activity related hazards (such as
flying) where cessation of the activity will negate the risk.
3. Deadly Force or retribution it is that hazard involving any protective
and responsive ready threat of harm or punishment that becomes
active in the event of a breach of security, or violation of a boundary
or barrier (physical, legal, and moral) intended to prevent
unauthorized or unsafe access or entry or exposure to a situation, to
something or to someone.
EVALUATE HAZARD AND RISKS
Hazard evaluation involves an examination of the chemical, physical and
biological properties of a substance.
Inhalation or exposure through the air.
Ingestion or exposure by eating or accidentally swallowing
Dermal exposure or exposure on or through the skin

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES

Threshold limit values (TLVs) refer to airborne concentrations of substances and
represent conditions under which it is believed that nearly all workers may be
repeatedly exposed day after day without adverse health effects because of
wide variation in individual susceptibility, however, a small percentage of
workers may experience discomfort from some substances at concentrations at
or below the TLV. A smaller percentage may be affected more seriously by
aggravation of a pre-existing condition or by development of an occupational
illness.