Analysis of Optimum Productivity for Heavy Equipment as a Vital

Factor in Construction Project.

Student Id : 41112010071- Dea Meillia Fransisca, Civil engineering Studies
Program of Mercu Buana University
Introduction :
Optimum planning for heavy construction equipment is a vital task in succeeding
the construction projects. In construction plan one should significantly concentrate on
the type, number, and schedule of presence of the equipment at the project site. It is
also known that productivity of heavy construction equipment such as actual hourly
production of the equipment differs from the nominal hourly production provided by the
manufacturers. Thus, determining the actual production will make considerable help in
gaining a more suitable planning for the construction equipment which would, in turn,
lead to a more accurate planning throughout the project.
Productivity of heavy equipments getting small and the intervals required for the
provision of other more appropriate tool that lead to expensive costs. Equipment
productivity is a key factor that enables contractors to make decisions regarding project
scheduling, fleet selection, and project costs. According to these journal Perbandingan
Biaya Dan Waktu Pemakaian Alat Berat Bulldozer Dan Excavator Dibandingkan
Dengan Backhoe Loader Pada Pembangunan Peternakan Ayam Dayeuh Manggung,
the most comparison between some of heavy construction equipment such as
bulldozer, excavator and backhoe loader have determining productivity in succeeding
the construction project & the goals of completing the project quickly and efficiently.
Methodology

The resources employed during literature review of this study are international
and local conference papers, documents, internet, journal articles, books, and etc. The
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next steps are Interpret and analyze all of literature reviews to make a point of view
author.
Results

Equipment productivity is a key factor that enables contractors to make decisions

regarding project scheduling, fleet selection, and project costs. In construction plan one
should significantly concentrate on the type, number, and schedule of presence of the
equipment at the project site.
The more the equipment and work conditions are considered, the better result
are achieved. Thus, the analysis of the falls in nominal hourly production may contribute
to a more effective management of machine efficiency.
Long range analysis is a reliable method for this purpose. In this analysis, the
actual hourly production of equipment at the site project is obtained and the effective
factors causing the short fall are considered. For example, the running speed and
accordingly, running time of the equipment may cause a significant difference between
actual and nominal productions. There are several elements preventing full capacity
construction.
According to these journal Perbandingan Biaya Dan Waktu Pemakaian Alat
Berat Bulldozer Dan Excavator Dibandingkan Dengan

Backhoe Loader Pada

Pembangunan Peternakan Ayam Dayeuh Manggung, the most comparison between

some of heavy construction equipment such as bulldozer, excavator and backhoe
loader have determining productivity in succeeding the construction project & the goals
of completing the project quickly and efficiently.

Bulldozer
Bulldozers are considered one of the strongest
and toughest heavy equipment used in the
construction industry. It is powerful and extremely
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heavy equipment used to move dirty along large open tracts of land. Bulldozers have
a wide flat blade in front that can be operated using two hydraulic pistons allowing
the blade to be moved in limited angles or depths. They are normally used to push
piles of earth and for rough / fine grading depending on the size of the bulldozer. Its
weight can be used to crush larger boulders among other actions.

N = Number of Dozers

To determine productivity of dozer

Q=qxNxE
N

cycles

total

/cycles

time

determine

dozers

(cycle/hour)

To

required

number
to

of

complete

project within specific time

Q = productivity per hour (m3 / h loose)

Total number of dozers = Q / (P x

q = productiivity per cycle (m3) L.H2.a

T) where Q = quantity of material to be

E = efficiency factor

moved

To determine how much time is

P = hourly production rate per dozer

need to complete the job

T = maximum allowable duration in

Total time (hours) = Q / (P x N) where

hours

Q = quantity of material to be moved

P = hourly production rate per dozer

the

EXCAVATOR
Excavators are large earth movement equipment that can be
available over wheels or treads; this one is considered the
standard in the industry. A traditional excavator usually has
a long bucket arm attached to a pivoting cab that can rotate
a full 30 degrees. The operator sits in the cab and from there
he/she can be able to have visibility over the site.
Excavators are used most of the times to dig dirt or to lift
heavy pieces including prefab pieces, pipes and other
smaller equipment.
The most common uses of an excavator are:
1. Material handling
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2. Digging of trenches, holes and foundations

3. Brush cutting with hydraulic attachments
4. Rough grading
5. Heavy lifting
6. River dredging
The production rate can also be found by the following equation

q = ((3600sec/hour x B x E x P) / C) x Volume Correction

Volume Correction = for loose volume to bank volume = 1/(1+swell factor)
q = Volume of soil excavated and dumped in a truck by the excavator (CY/hr)
B = Bucket struck capacity (CY)
E = Bucket efficiency factor (from a table or given)
P = Productivity factor (from a table or given)
C = Cycle time for 90 degree angle and optimum depth

No.

Kind

of

Heavy Time (Hours)

Equipment
1.

Excavator

2089,86 hours

2.

Bulldozer

1287,73 hours

3.

Dump Truck

551,49 hours

Time total

2089,86 hours

1.

Backhoe

1557,95 hours

2.

Loader

1277,52 hours

3.

Dump Truck

1277,52 hours

Time totsl

2835,489 hours

Time Deviation

745,62 hours

Conclution
The actual hourly production of the equipment can effectively contribute to the
management of the construction projects. Some work has time factor small
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equipment, due to the long duration and location of the project factors which are in
one of the areas that has a fairly high vehicle density.
Based on the comparison of job execution time, the time required by the combination
of excavators and bulldozers aided by dump truck for 2089.86 hours while time for
backhoe loaders assisted with tools dump truck for 2835.48 hours. Then the fastest
time by using a combination of excavators and bulldozers with745.62-hour time
difference

Bibliography

jurnal.sttgarut.ac.id/index.php/konstruksi/article/download/72/64

https://explorable.com/writing-methodology

https://adjisutama.files.wordpress.com/2014/02/ptm.pdf

http://construction.about.com/od/Earthwork/tp/Earth-Moving-Equipment-SixCommon-Heavy-Equipment.htm