Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PUBLISHED BY
FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
PAVEMENT MANAGEMENT OFFICE
605 SUWANNEE STREET, M.S. 70
TALLAHASSEE, FLORIDA 32399-0450
DOCUMENT NO. 625-010-006-e
JANUARY 2009
Section
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title
1.8
1.9
INTRODUCTION
Purpose
Authority
Scope
General
Rigid Pavement Design Manual
Organization and Revisions
Background
References
Florida Conditions
Appendices
Distribution
Procedure for Revisions And
Updates
Training
Forms
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.3
DEFINITIONS
Pavement System
AASHTO Model
Variables
Constants
Unknowns
Terms
3.0
1.5.1
1.5.2
1.5.3
1.5.4
1.6
1.7
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.7.1
3.8
Page No.
1.1.0
1.1.0
1.1.0
1.1.0
1.2.0
1.2.0
1.2.0
1.3.0
1.3.0
1.3.0
1.4.0
1.5.0
1.6.0
1.6.0
2.1.0
2.1.0
2.5.0
2.5.0
2.6.0
2.8.0
2.8.0
iv
3.1.0
3.1.0
3.2.0
3.2.0
3.5.0
3.7.0
3.9.0
3.9.0
3.11.0
3.14.0
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(Continued)
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
5.0
5.1
5.1.1
5.2
5.2.1
5.2.2
5.3
5.3.2
5.3.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
6.0
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.3.1
6.4
4.1.0
4.1.0
JOINT DETAILS
General
Joint Sealing
Transverse (Contraction) Joints
Dowel Bars
Transverse Joint Spacing
Longitudinal Joints
Tie Bars
Design and Construction
Considerations
Expansion Joints
Construction Joints
Vendor Combination Expansion And
Contraction Assemblies
Joint Layout
Grinding
5.1.0
5.1.0
5.1.0
5.1.0
5.2.0
5.4.0
5.4.0
5.5.0
SHOULDER DESIGN
General
Asphalt
Concrete
Design and Construction
Considerations
6.1.0
6.1.0
6.3.0
6.3.0
Grass
6.4.0
4.2.0
4.4.0
5.5.0
5.6.0
5.6.0
5.7.0
5.7.0
5.7.0
6.4.0
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(Continued)
7.0
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.5.1
7.5.2
7.6
7.6.1
7.6.2
7.7
PAVEMENT WIDENING
General
Evaluation
Required Design Information
Pavement Thickness Determination
Embankment and Drainage Details
Embankment Considerations
Drainage
Joint Details
Transverse Joint Spacing
Longitudinal Joints
Shoulder Details
7.1.0
7.1.0
7.2.0
7.2.0
7.3.0
7.4.0
7.4.0
7.5.0
7.6.0
7.6.0
7.6.0
7.6.0
8.0
8.1
8.2
DISTRESS
General
Identification And Causes Of
Distress
Pumping
Faulting
Cracking
General Cause
Transverse Cracking
Longitudinal Cracking
Corner Cracking
Intersecting Cracks
Crack Severity
Joint Distress
Poor Joint Condition
Spalling
Surface Defects
Surface Deterioration
Patching
Shoulder Distress
Forms of Shoulder Distress
Cause of Shoulder Distress
Poor Ride Quality
8.1.0
8.1.0
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.5.1
8.5.2
8.5.3
8.5.4
8.5.5
8.5.6
8.6
8.6.1
8.6.2
8.7
8.7.1
8.7.2
8.8
8.8.1
8.8.2
8.9
vi
8.1.0
8.2.0
8.3.0
8.6.0
8.6.0
8.7.0
8.7.0
8.8.0
8.8.0
8.8.0
8.9.0
8.9.0
8.10.0
8.11.0
8.11.0
8.12.0
8.13.0
8.13.0
8.14.0
8.15.0
9.0
9.1
9.2
10.0
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
10.5
10.6
10.7
PAVEMENT REHABILITATION
General
Department Recommended Options
CONCRETE PAVEMENT REHABILITATION
(CPR)
General
Slab Replacement
Installation of Edgedrains
Diamond Grinding
Clean and Reseal Joints
Rout and Seal Random Cracks
Other
vii
9.1.0
9.1.0
9.1.0
10.1.0
10.1.0
10.1.0
10.5.0
10.5.0
10.5.0
10.6.0
10.6.0
Section
11.0
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(Continued)
Title
Page No.
11.3
11.4
RECOMMENDED REHABILITATION
ALTERNATIVES
General
Crack, Reseat, and Overlay (CRO)
Existing Pavement
Breaking the Existing
Pavement
Reseating the Cracked
Pavement
Asphalt Rubber Membrane
Interlayer (ARMI)
Asphalt Overlay
Design and Construction
Considerations
Recycling
Rubblization
12.0
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
12.5
12.6
12.7
12.8
12.9
12.1.0
12.1.0
12.1.0
12.2.0
12.2.0
12.2.0
12.3.0
12.3.0
12.4.0
12.4.0
13.0
13.1
13.2
NEW TECHNOLOGIES
General
New Construction And
Rehabilitation
New Products
13.1.0
13.1.0
11.1
11.2
11.2.1
11.2.2
11.2.3
11.2.4
11.2.5
13.3
viii
11.1.0
11.1.0
11.1.0
11.1.0
11.1.0
11.2.0
11.2.0
11.2.0
11.3.0
11.3.0
13.1.0
13.1.0
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(Continued)
A.0
A.1
DESIGN TABLES
Instructions
A.1.0
A.3.0
B.0
B.1.0
B.3.0
B.3.0
B.4.0
B.4.0
B.4.0
B.6.0
B.7.0
B.8.0
B.9.0
B.9.0
C.1.0
C.3.0
C.5.0
C.8.0
C.8.0
C.11.0
B.1
B.2
B.3
B.4
B.4.1
B.4.2
B.4.3
B.4.4
B.5
B.6
C.0
C.1
C.2
C.3
C.3.1
C.3.2
D.0
E.0
ix
E.1.0
FIGURES
Figure
2.1
3.1
6.1
8.1
Title
Page No.
2.4.0
3.3.0
3.4.0
6.5.0
Mechanism Of Pumping
8.4.0
8.5.0
10.1
E.1
E.11.0
E.14.0
Distributions of Differences in
Required Slab Thickness
E.19.0
E.2
E.3
10.1.0
Thru
10.5.0
TABLES
Table
Title
Page No.
3.1
Design Periods
3.2
3.12.0
3.13.0
3.3
3.5.0
5.1
5.3.0
6.1
6.2.0
10.1
10.2.0
Thru
10.3.0
A.1
Thru
A.7
C.1
C.6.0
C.7.0
C.2
C.3
xi
A.5.0
Thru
A.20.0
C.4.0
E.1
E.2
E.3
E.6.0
E.7.0
E.15.0
E.4
E.5
E.6
Thru
E.10
xii
E.24.0
Thru
E.28.0
APPENDIX
Appendix
Title
Page No.
Design Tables
A.1.0
B.1.0
C.1.0
D.1.0
E.1.0
xiii
xiv
Approved:
PURPOSE
AUTHORITY
SCOPE
Page 1.1.0
1.4
GENERAL
1.5.1
BACKGROUND
Page 1.2.0
1.5.2
REFERENCES
FLORIDA CONDITIONS
Page 1.3.0
1.5.4
APPENDICES
Contents
Page 1.4.0
1.6
DISTRIBUTION
Page 1.5.0
1.7
Page 1.6.0
1.8
TRAINING
FORMS
Page 1.7.0
Page 1.8.0
CHAPTER 2
DEFINITIONS
2.1
PAVEMENT SYSTEM
Page 2.1.0
Page 2.2.0
Page 2.3.0
FIGURE 2.1
ROADWAY TYPICAL SECTION
ASPHALT BASE
Page 2.4.0
2.2
AASHTO MODEL
VARIABLES
Page 2.5.0
CONSTANTS
Page 2.6.0
Page 2.7.0
2.2.3
UNKNOWNS
TERMS
Page 2.8.0
Page 2.9.0
CHAPTER 3
PAVEMENT THICKNESS DESIGN PROCESS FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION
3.1
Page 3.1.0
3.2
DESIGN PERIODS
Page 3.2.0
FIGURE 3.1
1993 AASHTO DESIGN EQUATION FOR RIGID PAVEMENT
log10(ESALD)=
ZR*SO+7.35*log10(DR+1)-0.06 +
Log10
PI-PT
4.5-1.5
+
1 +
1.624*107
(DR+1)8.46
(4.22-0.32*PT)*
Page 3.3.0
FIGURE 3.1
(Continued)
1993 AASHTO DESIGN EQUATION FOR RIGID PAVEMENT
The unknown to be determined is:
DR = Required Depth Of Concrete Pavement in inches
The input includes the variables:
ESALD = Accumulated 18-kip Equivalent Single Axle
Loads over the life of the project.
ZR = Standard Normal Deviate from normal
distribution table for design reliability R.
Note that the Reliability (%R) is not
included in this equation. This is replaced
by the corresponding Standard Normal Deviate
(ZR).
KG = Modulus Of Subgrade Reaction (lbs/inch2/in)
The input includes the constants:
SO =
Standard Deviation.
PI = Initially Serviceability.
PT = Terminal Serviceability.
PSI = Change in Serviceability.
S'C = Concrete Modulus Of Rupture (psi)
EC = Concrete Modulus Of Elasticity (psi)
CD = Drainage Coefficient.
J = Joint Transfer Factor.
Page 3.4.0
3.4
DESIGN PROCEDURE
Page 3.5.0
Joint details.
Shoulders details.
20 years
5 to 10 years*
Page 3.6.0
3.5
DISTRICT COORDINATION
Page 3.7.0
District Construction
The District Construction Office should be involved to
determine if there are any special construction details
that need to be included in the plans or issues that
need to be addressed. Some of these items may include
Maintenance of Traffic (MOT), Constructions Time, Etc.
District Materials
The Treated Permeable Base Option on Index 505 is
recommended. The District Materials Office should be
involved to determine the availability and history of
successful use of suitable permeable special select
soils in the construction area and any other special
conditions that may exist. One example would include
an evaluation of existing soils to determine their
AASHTO classifications and permeability.
The District Materials Office can also provide
recommendations with respect to rehabilitation
strategies. Additional coordination of project field
reviews and data collection might be needed.
Page 3.8.0
3.6
QUALITY
Page 3.9.0
Page 3.10.0
3.7.1
DESIGN EXAMPLE
Page 3.11.0
TABLE 3.2
RELIABILITY (%R) FOR DIFFERENT ROADWAY FACILITIES
Facility
New or
Reconstruction
Rehabilitation
Limited Access
80 - 95
95 - 99
Urban Arterials
80 - 90
90 - 97
Rural Arterials
75 - 90
90 - 95
Collectors
75 - 85
90 - 95
Notes
The type of roadway is determined by the Office Of
Planning and can be obtained from the Roadway
Characteristics Inventory (RCI).
The designer has some flexibility in selecting
values that best fits the project when choosing
the Reliability (%R).
Page 3.12.0
TABLE 3.3
(FROM TABLE A.7 IN APPENDIX A)
REQUIRED DEPTH (DR) IN inch FOR 95% RELIABILITY (%R)
Modulus Of Subgrade Reaction (KG), psi/in
ESALD
100 000
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
40
80
110
150
185
200
260
300
330
370
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
15
15
16
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
15
15
15
16
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
15
15
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
15
15
15
Page 3.13.0
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
15
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
15
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
15
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
3.8
Page 3.14.0
Page 3.15.0
CHAPTER 4
EMBANKMENT AND DRAINAGE DETAILS
4.1
GENERAL
Page 4.1.0
Page 4.2.0
4.3
Page 4.3.0
4.4
Page 4.4.0
Page 4.5.0
Page 4.6.0
Page 4.7.0
CHAPTER 5
JOINT DETAILS
5.1
GENERAL
JOINT SEALING
Page 5.1.0
5.2.1
DOWEL BARS
Page 5.2.0
TABLE 5.1
LOAD TRANSFER DEVICES
Required Pavement
Depth (DR), in
8
Dowel Bar
Diameter, in
1"
9"-10
11"
Page 5.3.0
LONGITUDINAL JOINTS
Page 5.4.0
5.3.2
TIE BARS
Page 5.5.0
5.4
EXPANSION JOINTS
CONSTRUCTION JOINTS
Page 5.6.0
5.6
5.7
JOINT LAYOUT
The purpose of providing a joint layout is to show nonstandard joint geometries to avoid discontinuities that
can lead to random cracking.
Types of joint layouts that provide guidance can be
found in the Standard Index 305 and include Thru
Intersections, 'T' Intersection, and ramps. Other
irregular areas should have joint layouts carefully
detailed in the plans.
5.8
GRINDING
Page 5.7.0
Page 5.8.0
CHAPTER 6
SHOULDER DESIGN
6.1
GENERAL
Page 6.1.0
TABLE 6.1
SHOULDER TYPE SELECTION
Limited Access (Urban)
Asphalt
Tapered Depth Concrete
Full Depth (Tied) Concrete*
Limited Access (Rural), Non-Limited Access, Arterials
And Collectors
Asphalt
Partial Depth (Tied) Concrete
Notes
*
Page 6.2.0
6.2
ASPHALT
CONCRETE
Page 6.3.0
6.4
GRASS
Page 6.4.0
FIGURE 6.1
CONCRETE SHOULDER WITH ASPHALT BASE
Page 6.5.0
Page 6.6.0
CHAPTER 7
PAVEMENT WIDENING
7.1
GENERAL
Page 7.1.0
7.2
EVALUATION
Page 7.2.0
7.4
Page 7.3.0
7.5
EMBANKMENT CONSIDERATIONS
Page 7.4.0
7.5.2
DRAINAGE
Page 7.5.0
7.6
JOINT DETAILS
LONGITUDINAL JOINTS
SHOULDER DETAILS
Page 7.6.0
Page 7.7.0
CHAPTER 8
DISTRESS
8.1
GENERAL
Inadequate maintenance.
8.2
Pumping.
Faulting.
Page 8.1.0
Shoulder deterioration (not included in the
pavement condition survey).
Ride quality.
8.3
PUMPING
Page 8.2.0
FAULTING
Page 8.3.0
FIGURE 8.1
MECHANISM OF PUMPING
Water
Leave Slab
Approach Slab
Subgrade
Water
Approach Slab
Leave Slab
Subgrade
Page 8.4.0
FIGURE 8.1
(Continued)
MECHANISM OF PUMPING
Pumping
Wheel Load Movement
Water
Approach Slab
Water
Leave Slab
Subgrade
Cracking
Cracking
Faulting
Water
Water
Leave Slab
Approach Slab
Subgrade
Page 8.5.0
8.5
CRACKING
8.5.1
GENERAL CAUSE
Shrinkage
Misaligned dowels.
Page 8.6.0
8.5.2
TRANSVERSE CRACKING
8.5.3
LONGITUDINAL CRACKING
Page 8.7.0
8.5.4
CORNER CRACKING
Warping.
8.5.5
INTERSECTING CRACKS
CRACK SEVERITY
Page 8.8.0
JOINT DISTRESS
Page 8.9.0
8.6.2
SPALLING
Page 8.10.0
8.7
SURFACE DEFECTS
SURFACE DETERIORATION
Chemical reactants.
Page 8.11.0
8.7.2
PATCHING
Page 8.12.0
8.8
SHOULDER DISTRESS
Concrete shoulders:
Pumping.
Faulting.
Cracking.
Joint Distress.
Surface Defects.
Page 8.13.0
8.8.2
Page 8.14.0
8.9
Faulting.
Cracking.
Surface defects.
Page 8.15.0
Page 8.16.0
CHAPTER 9
PAVEMENT REHABILITATION
9.1
GENERAL
Page 9.1.0
Page 9.2.0
Page 9.3.0
CHAPTER 10
CONCRETE PAVEMENT REHABILITATION (CPR)
10.1
GENERAL
SLAB REPLACEMENT
Page 10.1.0
TABLE 10.1
SLAB REPAIR AND REPLACEMENT CRITERIA
Distress Pattern
Repair Method
Reference
Figure
Light / none
Mod./ clean &
seal
Severe/
replace
10.2,
10.3
Light / none
Mod./ clean &
seal
Severe /
replace
10.2,
10.3,
10.4,
10.5
Full depth
replacement,
partial slab
10.4,
10.5
Full depth
replacement,
partial slab
allowed only
if at least
one half of
slab in
traffic
direction is
undamaged.
10.3,
10.4
Light / none
Mod. / none
Severe /
full depth
replacement,
partial slab
10.5,
Light / none
Mod. / full
depth
Severe /
full depth
10.5,
Severity / Description
Cracking
Longitudinal
Transverse
Corner
Breaks
Intersecting
random
cracks
(Shattered
Slab)
Joint
Deficiencies
Spall
Non-Wheelpath
Spall
Wheel-path
Surface
Deterioration
Map Cracking
Page 10.2.0
Low / do nothing
Mod/ diamond
grind
Scaling
Remove affected
area by grinding
Pop outs
Light / keep
under observation
Severe / full
depth replacement
10.4
Light / Severe /
full depth
replacement
10.4
Faulting
Light / none
Mod. / grind
Severe / grind
Lane to
shoulder drop
off
Light / none
Mod. / Build up
Severe / Build up
N/A
Water
Bleeding or
pumping
N/A
Blow ups
Install
appropriate
drainage, edge
drain, permeable
sub base, reseal
joints, etc.
Full depth repair
Non-Wheelpath
Pop outs
Wheel-path
Miscellaneous
Distress
Page 10.3.0
10.3,
10.4
Page 10.4.0
10.3
INSTALLATION OF EDGEDRAINS
DIAMOND GRINDING
Page 10.5.0
10.6
10.7
OTHER
Page 10.6.0
Page 10.7.0
Page 10.8.0
Page 10.9.0
Page 10.10.0
Page 10.11.0
Page 10.12.0
Page 10.13.0
CHAPTER 11
OTHER RECOMMENDED REHABILITATION ALTERNATIVES
11.1
GENERAL
Page 11.1.0
11.2.3
ASPHALT OVERLAY
Structural Coefficients
Good
Fair
Poor
0.23
0.20
0.18
Page 11.2.0
RECYCLING
RUBBLIZATION
Page 11.3.0
Page 11.4.0
CHAPTER 12
JPCP OVERLAYS OF ASPHALT PAVEMENT
12.1
GENERAL
STRUCTURAL DESIGN
Page 12.1.0
12.3
CONSTANTS
VARIABLES
12.5
CLIMATIC PROPERTIES
Page 12.2.0
12.6
BASE THICKNESS
BASE PROPERTIES
Page 12.3.0
12.8
DRAINAGE
Page 12.4.0
Page 12.5.0
CHAPTER 13
NEW TECHNOLOGIES
13.1
GENERAL
13.3
NEW PRODUCTS
Page 13.1.0
Page 13.2.0
APPENDIX A
Page A.1.0
Page A.2.0
A.1
INSTRUCTIONS
Standard Normal
Deviation (ZR)
-0.674
-0.841
-1.037
-1.282
-1.405
-1.555
-1.645
Page A.3.0
Page A.4.0
TABLE A.1
REQUIRED DEPTH (DR) IN inch FOR 75% RELIABILITY (%R)
40
ESALD
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100 000
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
Page A.5.0
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
11
11
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9 1
9
10
10
11
11
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
TABLE A.2
REQUIRED DEPTH (DR) IN inch FOR 80% RELIABILITY (%R)
ESALD
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100 000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
Page A.6.0
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
370
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
TABLE A.3
REQUIRED DEPTH (DR) IN inch FOR 85% RELIABILITY (%R)
ESALD
100 000
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
370
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
15
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
Page A.7.0
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
TABLE A.4
REQUIRED DEPTH (DR) IN inch FOR 90% RELIABILITY (%R)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100 000
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
15
15
152
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
15
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
15
Page A.8.0
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
370
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
TABLE A.5
REQUIRED DEPTH (DR) IN inch FOR 92% RELIABILITY (%R)
ESALD
370
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
15
15
15
15
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
15
15
15
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
15
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
Page A.9.0
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
15
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
15
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
TABLE A.6
REQUIRED DEPTH (DR) IN inch FOR 94% RELIABILITY (%R)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100 000
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
14
14
14
15
15
15
15
16
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
15
16
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
15
15
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
15
15
15
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
15
Page A.10.0
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
15
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
370
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
TABLE A.7
REQUIRED DEPTH (DR) IN inch FOR 95% RELIABILITY (%R)
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
ESALD
100 000
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
11
11
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
15
15
15
16
16
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
15
15
16
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
15
15
15
16
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
15
15
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
15
15
15
Page A.11.0
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
15
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
15
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
15
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
370
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
Page A.12.0
APPENDIX B
RIGID PAVEMENT DESIGN QUALITY CONTROL PLAN
Page B.1.0
Page B.2.0
B.1
DEFINITIONS
Page B.3.0
B.3
RESPONSIBILITY
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS
Page B.4.0
Page B.5.0
B.4.2
DISTRIBUTION
Page B.6.0
B.4.3
REVISIONS
Page B.7.0
B.4.4
DOCUMENTATION
Page B.8.0
B.5
B.6
Page B.9.0
County
Satisfactory
Rigid Pavement Design Review
Yes/No
. . . . . . .
Comments
QA by
Date
Page B.11.0
Date Prep.
FP ID #
From
County
Project Length
Type Of Work
Opening Year
Design Year
ESALD
DR
US #
SR #
To
Begin MP
End MP
%R
KG
Design Speed
Design Seq. #
Proj. Name
Existing Pavement
Proposed Design
Approved By
Responsible Eng.
Date
Concurrence By
Dist. Des. Eng.
Date
Page B.12.0
Concurrence By
FHWA-If Needed
Date
Page B.13.0
APPENDIX C
ESTIMATING DESIGN 18- KIP
EQUIVALENT SINGLE AXLE LOADS (ESALD)
Page C.1.0
Page C.2.0
C.1
BACKGROUND
Page C.3.0
TABLE C.1
RELATIONSHIP OF AXLE WEIGHT TO DAMAGE
(D=12, Pt=2.5)
Total Axle Load
in kip
Equivalent Damage
in ESAL's
Single Axle
14
18
22
0.34
1.00
2.41
Tandem Axle
30
34
38
44
1.14
1.97
3.18
6.01
Page C.4.0
C.2
BASIC EQUATION
ESALD =
y = 1
where:
ESALD = Number of accumulated 18-kip Equivalent
Single Axle Loads in the design lane for the
design period.
y =
x =
Page C.5.0
Two Lanes
LF
Three Lanes
LF
4 000
8 000
12 000
0.94
0.88
0.85
0.82
0.76
0.72
16 000
20 000
30 000
0.82
0.81
0.77
0.70
0.68
0.65
40 000
50 000
60 000
0.75
0.73
0.72
0.63
0.61
0.59
70 000
80 000
100 000
0.70
0.69
0.67
0.58
0.57
0.55
120
140
160
200
0.66
-
0.53
0.52
0.51
0.49
000
000
000
000
Page C.6.0
Rigid
Pavement
Rural
1.05
1.60
Urban
0.90
1.27
Rural
0.96
1.35
Urban
0.89
1.22
Freeways
Page C.7.0
C.3
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
SAMPLE PROBLEM #1
=
=
=
=
=
0.85
0.82
0.81
0.77
0.75
for
for
for
for
for
AADT
AADT
AADT
AADT
AADT
=
=
=
=
=
12
16
20
30
40
000
000
000
000
000
(from
(from
(from
(from
(from
Page C.8.0
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
C.2)
C.2)
C.2)
C.2)
C.2)
FIND:
The ESALD for a 20 year design period beginning in
2005.
SOLUTION:
Using the following equations:
For the year 2005 to 2013.
y = 2013
y = 2013
y = 2025
Page C.9.0
Calculating:
Year
AADT
LF
Annual
ESAL*
Accumulated
ESAL
2005
2006
2007
2008
12
12
13
13
000
500
000
500
0.85
0.84
0.84
0.84
272
280
291
302
524
539
761
982
272 524
553 063
884 824
1 147 806
2009
2010
2011
2012
14
14
15
15
000
500
000
500
0.83
0.83
0.83
0.82
310
321
332
339
463
551
639
586
1
1
2
2
458
779
112
452
269
820
459
045
2013
2014
2015
2016
16
12
14
16
000
000
000
000
0.82
0.85
0.84
0.82
350
181
209
233
540
682
469
693
2
2
3
3
802
984
193
427
585
267
736
429
2017
2018
2019
18 000
20 000
22 000
0.81
0.81
0.80
259 699
288 554
313 491
3 687 128
3 975 682
4 289 173
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
24
26
28
30
32
34
0.79
0.78
0.78
0.77
0.77
0.76
337
361
389
411
438
460
4
4
5
5
6
6
000
000
000
000
000
000
716
227
014
457
888
262
626
988
377
788
227
687
889
116
130
587
475
737
Page C.10.0
C.3.2
SAMPLE PROBLEM #2
=
=
=
=
0.88
0.85
0.82
0.81
for
for
for
for
AADT
AADT
AADT
AADT
= 8 000 (from
= 12 000 (from
= 16 000 (from
= 20 000 (from
Page C.11.0
Table
Table
Table
Table
C.2)
C.2)
C.2)
C.2)
FIND:
The ESALD for a 20 year design period beginning in
1990.
SOLUTION:
Using the following equation:
For the year 1990 to 2010.
y = 2010
y = 2010
Calculating:
LF
Annual
ESAL*
Accumulated
ESAL
Year
AADT
1990
1991
1992
1993
8
8
9
9
000
500
000
500
0.88
0.87
0.87
0.86
173
182
192
201
448
194
912
288
1994
1995
1996
1997
10
10
11
11
000
500
000
500
0.86
0.86
0.85
0.85
211
222
230
240
883
477
361
832
961 725
1 184 202
1 414 563
1 655 395
1998
1999
2000
2001
12
12
13
13
000
500
000
500
0.85
0.84
0.84
0.84
251
258
269
279
303
694
042
389
1
2
2
2
906
165
434
713
698
392
434
823
2002
2003
2004
2005
14
14
15
15
000
500
000
500
0.83
0.83
0.83
0.82
286
296
306
313
288
512
737
143
3
3
3
3
000
296
603
916
111
623
360
503
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
16
16
17
17
18
000
500
000
500
000
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.81
0.81
323
333
343
349
359
244
345
447
237
215
4
4
4
5
5
239
573
916
265
624
747
092
539
776
991
173
355
548
749
448
642
554
842
Page C.12.0
Page C.13.0
Page C.14.0
APPENDIX D
RIGID PAVEMENT DESIGN ANALYSIS COMPUTER PROGRAM
Page D.1.0
Page D.2.0
Page D.3.0
Page D.4.0
APPENDIX E
developed from
Performing Organization:
Texas Transportation Institute
Texas A&M University System
July 22, 2008
Page E.1.0
APPENDIX E
INTRODUCTION
Page E.2.0
APPENDIX E
Page E.3.0
APPENDIX E
Page E.4.0
APPENDIX E
Page E.5.0
APPENDIX E
Highway Functional
Classification Descriptions
Principal Arteries
Interstate and Defense Routes
Principal Arteries
Intrastate Routes, including
Freeways and Expressways
Minor Arteries
Major Collectors
Minor Collectors
Local Routes and Streets
Suggested Traffic
Classification Number
1,2,3,4,5,8,11,13
1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,16
4,6,8,9,10,11,12,15,16,17
6,9,.12,14,15,17
9,12,14,17
9,12,14,17
Page E.6.0
APPENDIX E
Low to None
(<2%)
Low to Moderate
(>2%)
classifications (TTC)
Commodities being Transported by Truck
Multi-Trailer
Semi-Trailer & Single-Units
Predominantly single-trailer
trucks
Relatively High
High percentage of singleAmount of Multitrailer trucks, but some
Trailer Trucks
trucks
(>10%)
Mixed truck traffic with a
higher percentage of singletrailer trucks
Mixed truck traffic with
about equal percentages of
single-unit and singletrailer trucks
Predominantly single-unit
trucks
Predominantly single-trailer
trucks
Moderate Amount of Mixed truck traffic with a
Multi-Trailer
higher percentage of singleTrucks
trailer trucks
(2-10%)
Mixed truck traffic with
about equal percentages of
single-unit and singletrailer trucks
Predominantly single-unit
trucks
Predominantly single-trailer
trucks
Predominantly single-trailer
trucks, but with a low
percentage of single-unit
trucks
Low to None (<2%)
Predominantly single-trailer
trucks, but with a low to
moderate percentage of
single-unit trucks
Mixed truck traffic with a
higher percentage of singletrailer trucks
Mixed truck traffic with
about equal percentages of
single-unit and singletrailer trucks
Mixed truck traffic with
higher percentage of singleunit trucks
Predominantly single-unit
trucks
Low to None (<2%)
Mixed truck traffic with
about equal single-unit and
single-trailer trucks
TTC
5
8
11
13
16
3
7
10
15
1
2
6
9
12
14
17
APPENDIX E
Page E.8.0
APPENDIX E
Page E.9.0
APPENDIX E
Page E.10.0
APPENDIX E
Figure E.1
Page E.11.0
APPENDIX E
Page E.12.0
APPENDIX E
Page E.13.0
APPENDIX E
Figure E.2
Page E.14.0
APPENDIX E
Table E.3
Region
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
County
No.
County Name
Page E.15.0
APPENDIX E
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
31
32
33
12
13
74
76
78
17
37
38
79
3
5
7
91
70
Gilchrist
Hamilton
Lafayette
Lee
Manatee
Nassau
Putnam
St. Johns
Sarasota
Suwannee
Taylor
Volusia
Collier
Glades
Hendry
Okeechobee
Brevard
Trenton
Jasper
Mayo
Fort Myers
Ellenton
Hillard
Palatka
St. Augustine
Sarasota/Bradenton
Live Oak
Perry
Daytona beach
Naples
Moore Haven
La Belle
Okeechobee
Melbourne
Fort Lauderdale,
86 Broward
Hollywood
87 Dade
Miami
88 Indian River Vero beach
89 Martin
Stuart
Keywest, Marathon,
90 Monroe
Flamingo
93 Palm Beach
West Palm beach
94 St. Lucie
Fort Pierce
Page E.16.0
APPENDIX E
Page E.17.0
APPENDIX E
Page E.18.0
APPENDIX E
Figure E.3
Distributions of Differences in
Required Slab Thicknesses.
Page E.19.0
APPENDIX E
RECOMMENDATION
Given the JPCP design tables established, researchers
offer the following recommendations with respect to
implementing the initial MEPDG based pavement design
method for the Florida DOT:
Page E.20.0
APPENDIX E
Page E.21.0
APPENDIX E
Page E.22.0
APPENDIX E
REFERENCE
Fernando, E.G., J. Oh, and D. Ryu. Phase I of M-E PDG
Program Implementation in Florida. Research Report No.
D04491/PR15281-1, Texas Transportation Institute, The
Texas A&M University System, College Station, Tex.,
2007
Kannekanti, V., and J. Harvey. Sample Rigid Pavement
Design Tables Based on Version 0.8 of the Mechanistic
Empirical Pavement Design Guide. Technical Memorandum
(UCPRC-TM-2006-04), University of California Pavement
Research Center, 2006.
Oh, J. and E.G. Fernando. Development of Thickness
Design Tables Based on the M-E PDG. Research Report No.
BDH10-1, Texas Transportation Institute, The Texas A&M
University System, College Station, Tex., 2008
Page E.23.0
APPENDIX E
80
8
8
8
8
8.5
9
9
9.5
10
10
10.5
11
11.5
12
12
12.5
12.5
12.5
13
13.5
13.5
13.5
13.5
Page E.24.0
85
8
8
8
8
8.5
9
9.5
9.5
10
10
10.5
11
11.5
12
12
12.5
12.5
12.5
13
13.5
13.5
13.5
13.5
90
8
8
8
8.5
9
9.5
9.5
10
10
10.5
11
11.5
12
12
12.5
12.5
13
13
13.5
13.5
13.5
13.5
13.5
95
8
8
8.5
9
9.5
10
10
10.5
10.5
11
11.5
12
12.5
12.5
13
13
13.5
13.5
14
14
14
14
14.5
APPENDIX E
80
8
8
8
8
8
8.5
8.5
9
9.5
9.5
10
10.5
11
11
11.5
11.5
12
12
12
12.5
13
13
13
Page E.25.0
85
8
8
8
8
8.5
9
9
9.5
9.5
10
10.5
11
11
11.5
12
12
12
12
12.5
13
13
13.5
13.5
90
8
8
8
8.5
9
9
9.5
9.5
10
10
10.5
11
11.5
11.5
12
12
12.5
12.5
13
13
13.5
13.5
13.5
95
8
8
8.5
9
9.5
9.5
10
10
10
10.5
11
11.5
11.5
12
12.5
12.5
13
13
13.5
13.5
14
14
14
APPENDIX E
80
8
8
8
8
8
8
8.5
8.5
9
9
9.5
10
10.5
10.5
11
11
11.5
11.5
11.5
12
12
12.5
12.5
Page E.26.0
85
8
8
8
8
8
8.5
8.5
9
9
9.5
10
10.5
10.5
11
11
11.5
11.5
11.5
12
12
12.5
12.5
12.5
90
8
8
8
8
8.5
9
9
9.5
9.5
9.5
10
10.5
11
11
11.5
11.5
12
12
12
12.5
12.5
13
13
95
8
8
8
8.5
9
9.5
9.5
9.5
10
10
10.5
11
11.5
11.5
12
12
12
12.5
12.5
13
13
13
13.5
APPENDIX E
80
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8.5
8.5
9.5
9.5
10
10.5
10.5
10.5
11
11
11.5
11.5
11.5
12
12
85
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8.5
8.5
9
9.5
10
10
10.5
10.5
11
11
11
11.5
11.5
12
12
12
Page E.27.0
90
8
8
8
8
8
8
8.5
8.5
9
9
9.5
10
10.5
10.5
11
11
11.5
11.5
11.5
12
12
12
12.5
95
8
8
8
8
8.5
8.5
9
9
9.5
9.5
10
10.5
11
11
11.5
11.5
11.5
12
12
12
12.5
12.5
13
APPENDIX E
80
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8.5
9
9.5
9.5
10
10
10.5
10.5
10.5
11
11
11
11.5
11.5
85
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8.5
9
9.5
9.5
10
10
10.5
10.5
10.5
11
11
11.5
11.5
11.5
Page E.28.0
90
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8.5
8.5
9.5
9.5
10
10.5
10.5
10.5
11
11
11
11.5
11.5
12
12
95
8
8
8
8
8
8
8.5
8.5
9
9
9.5
10
10.5
10.5
11
11
11.5
11.5
11.5
12
12
12
12.5
APPENDIX E
Page E.29.0
APPENDIX E
Page E.30.0