Asset Accounting configuration

Tangible asset - which can be seen, touched ex: computers, land and building,
plant and machinery etc
Intangible Assets - which cannot e seen ex: goodwill, patents etc
In Financial accounting module, we have lot of components:

-> General ledger ( FI-GL)

-> Account receivable (FI-AR)
-> Accounts payable ( FI-AP)
-> Fixed assets ( FI-AA)
There would be few companies who can implement only asset accounting ( FIAA) and there can be few companies who can implement all the components in
the fi module.
If you are not implementing FI-AA component, all the asset transactions are
posted into the asset GL account.
No asset master record maintained.
For ex: when you purchase an asset from a vendor
Dr Asset Gl account
Cr Vendor account

If you are implementing the FI-AA Component, Asset will become a sub ledger,
you would have an asset master record and all the asset transactions are posted
into the asset master record (in turn the system would update automatically the
asset GL accounts)
For ex: when you are purchasing an asset from a vendor
Dr Asset master record (asset number)
cr vendor account
Stage of learning the asset accounting:
-> Organization structure
-> Chart of Depreciation
-> Asset classes
1

-> Asset master record

-> Posting the business Transactions
Acquisition Retirements Transfers -

-> Depreciation calculation and posting

-> Reporting and the closing process
-> Validation and substitution

The first and the foremost is to understand the org. structure relevant for asset
accounting

Sap provides with the minimum structure to be set up to work on the asset
accounting
-> Define chart of accounts
-> Define chart of depreciation
-> Both the chart of accounts and the chart of depreciation should be assigned
to the company code
-> Then, add the necessary data for asset accounting
-> Then, you are ready to do the asset accounting in your company code.
Observer the figure 5 on the page no.14

CHART OF ACCOUNTS - is a chart specifying the list of all the GL ACCOUNTS

CHART OF DEPRECIATION:
======================
-> Chart of depreciation is a chart specifying the list of all the depreciation areas
2

-> Each chart of depreciation is identified by a 4 character alphanumeric key

-> SAP provides with the country specific charts of depreciation. If you want to
create your own chart of depreciation, you can also do it by copying an existing
one.
-> Chart of depreciation is a country specific and it contains lot of depreciation
areas
-> Every company code implementing the asset accounting must have one chart
of accounts and one chart of depreciation assigned
-> One chart of accounts can be assigned to several company codes (follows
variant principle)
-> One chart of depreciation can also be assigned to several company codes
(follows a variant principle)

-> Depreciation area represents different types of valuations

For Example: in GREAT BRITAIN
Depreciation calculation is done as per the companies Act -> one dep
area
Depreciation calculation is done as per the income tax act ->another
dep area
Depreciation calculation is done for costing purposes -> another dep
area

Observer the figure 4 on the page no.13

Each dep area represents different type of valuations

Each dep area results into different balance sheet values and different
depreciation area values.
Different valuation approaches are used for
-> Financial statement for local reporting - for which you want to follow one dep
area
-> Balance sheet for tax purposes - another dep area
-> Internal accounting (for cost accounting purposes) - another dep area
-> Parallel financial reporting as per the US gaap or ifrs - another dep area
3

-> For consolidation in group currency - dep area

-> Depreciation area is identified by a 2 digit numeric key
-> SAP provides with the country specific chart of depreciation and also the dep
areas in each chart of depreciation.
If you want to copy or delete the dep areas, you can also do it.
Observer the figure 3 on the page no.12

ex: Chart of depreciation 1DE - you have lot of dep area

Another chart of depreciation 1US - you have lot of dep areas

Out of the several dep areas, dep area 01 is the leading depreciation area. This is
the most important dep area (book dep) - from here, the figures would go into
the local financial statements

Except 01, if you want to delete the other dep area, you can do the deletion of
other dep areas except 01.

Step1: Create a new chart of depreciation by copying an existing C.O.D

Path in IMG:
FA -> Asset Accounting -> organizational structures -> Copy reference chart of
depreciation /depreciation areas
click on the clock and the system will pop up a window with the three activities
click on the first activity
-> Copy reference chart of depreciation
Double click on this activity
And then click on the second icon

From which chart of dep (source) => 1IN

To which chart of dep ( target) -> SONY

The system would give the message as chart of dep 1IN copies to SONY"
Clicks enter and then click on completed activities
Chart of dep 1IN copied to SONY

Step 2: Changing the description of the chart of depreciation

================================================
===============
Path in the IMG - it is the same path
Click on the second activity
-> Specify the description of chart of depreciation
Double click on it and then change the description

Step 3: Copy/delete the depreciation areas

==========================================
Click on the third activity
The new chart of depreciation is SONY
You have lot of depreciation areas,
I am going to keep two dep areas and delete all the remaining dep areas.
01 -> book depreciation
15 -> tax depreciation

Step 4: Assign the chart of accounts to the company code

================================================
=======
Path in IMG
FA -> GL Accounting -> GL accounts -> master data -> Preparations => Assign
company code to chart of accounts

Step 5: Assign the chart of depreciation to the company code

================================================
============

Path in IMG
FA -> Asset accounting -> Organizational structures -> Assign chart of dep to the
company code
When you are doing this step, you would get an error.
The error is:
Company code entries for SONY are incomplete.
There are some setting that are missing for doing the asset accounting
Check the following settings
-> Currency
-> Chart of accounts
->fiscal year version
-> Input tax indicator for non-taxable acquisition (this is the pending step)

Step 6: Assign the input tax indicator for non-taxable acquisition

================================================
==================
SAP recommend to assign input tax code of 0% and output tax code of 0% for
the non-taxable acquisitions.
Path in IMG
Financial accounting -> Asset Accounting -> integration with the general ledger
-> Assign input tax indicator for non-taxable acquisitions
Click on the clock and then select your company code
Once you have done this step, then you can assign the chart of depreciation to
the company code and then do the step 5 .
Step 7: Posting to the general ledger
=====================================
Chart of depreciation contains lot of dep area and each depreciation area
contains important control settings:
-> Controls how the posting is done to the general ledger
-> Value maintenance
Depreciation areas contains the depreciation attributes/settings

Path in IMG:
FA -> Asset Accounting -> Integration with the general ledger -> Define how the
depreciation areas post to the general ledger
Click on the clock and for each dep area, you can see the indicatoGBP.
Posting in GL controls:
0 -area does not post
1 - Area posts in real time
2- Area posts apc and depreciation periodically
3 - Area posts depreciation only
4 - Area posts apc directly and depreciation
5 - Area posts apc only
6 - Area posts only apc directly
Out of the 6 above, 0,1,2,3 are the most important which you find in real time
Dep area 01 -> Will always have 1 (area posts in real time)
Dep area 15 -> 0 (area does not post)

Select the dep area and then click on details

-> Value maintenance
A, Only positive values or zeros allowed
B, only negative values or zeros allowed
C, no values allowed
D, all values allowed

Step 8: specifying the financial statement version for asset reports

================================================
====================
Financial statement version - formats of the financial statements.
I can prepare one financial statement version for companies act
Another financial statement version for income tax purpose
One more financial statement version for bank loans.
7

You can prepare several financial statement versions per chart of accounts in the
company code.
-> If you are having more than one financial statement version, you should have
more than one depreciation area.
Path in IMG:
FA -> Asset Accounting -> Integration with the general ledger -> specify the
financial statement version for asset reports

Step 9: Creation of financial statement version

===============================================
Path in IMG
FA -> GL Accounting -> Business Transactions -> Closing -> Document -> Define
the financial statement versions
Click on the clock and then click on new entries
Each financial stateme3tn version will have financial statement items and for
each financial statement item, assign the GL accounts
We have two financial statement versions
-> SONY
-> NEAS
Go back to step 8, and then assign the financial statement versions to each dep
area.
Step 10 A: Overview and Defining the Asset classes
===================================
Fixed Asset are classified into various asset classes
-> Plant and machinery
-> Furniture and fixtures
-> Computers
Asset classes are created at the client level .this means that you can use the
asset classes in any company code.
Asset Class have two sections
-> Master data section
-> Depreciation area section
-> Master data section
8

A, Number ranges
B, Screen layout
C, account determination (defining the GL accounts)
-> Depreciation area section
A, depreciation terms (screen layout)
Once you create an asset class with these two sections, then only you are ready
to crate the asset master record in the sap easy access.
In other words, you cannot create an asset master record without the asset
classes.
Observer the figure 12 on the page no.38
-> Asset class
-> Asset master record
-> Acquisition entries

COMPANY CODE: SONY,NEAS

Remember, with the asset accounting
-> created a new chart of depreciation by copying an existing chart of
depreciation
-> changed the description of the chart of depreciation
-> copy/deleted depreciation areas (except 01 and 15)
-> Assigned the chart of accounts and the chart of depreciation to the company
code
-> Assigned input tax indicator for non taxable transactions (input tax code of
0% and output tax code of 0%)
-> Posting to the general ledger
-> Separate financial statement version for each depreciation area.

Step 10 Main: Creation of Number ranges

==================================
9

Path in IMG
Financial Accounting -> Asset Accounting -> organizational structures -> Asset
Classes -> Define Number Range intervals
You can define the number range with internal or external number assignment
Simply copy form Standard company code 1000.
Step 11: Defining the screen layout for the master data section of the
asset master record
================================================
=========================
Path in IMG
FA -> AA -> Master data -> Screen layout -> Define Screen layout for Asset
master data
In this, we have to two activities
Click on the second activity first -> Create screen layout rules
Create a new screen layout by copying an existing screen layout
-> by a 4 character alphanumeric key and description
Click on the first activity - Define the screen layout for the asset master data
Double click on it
Select the screen layout - NEAS and then on the left side, click on logical field
groups
Step 12: Defining the Account Determination
===========================================
Path in IMG for account determination
FA -> AA-> organizational structure -> Asset classes -> Specify the account
determination
click on the clock and then click on new entries
Enter a 4 character alphanumeric key and short description Account
determination - NEAS
Step 13: Assigning the GL account to the account determination
================================================
==============
Path in IMG
FA -> AA -> Integration with the general ledger -> assign GL Accounts
Click on the clock and then enter the chart of depreciation

10

Select the chart of accounts and then on the left side, click on account
determination
Define the GL accounts for balance sheet accounts, depreciation and special
reserves
Since, you are implementing FI-AA component, the asset GL account will become
a reconciliation account to the asset sub ledger
If you post the transactions on the asset master record, the asset GL account
would get updated automatically.
Like for exam: If you are posting on the customer account (debit /credit side) the relevant account receivable (reconciliation account) will get updated
automatically.
Similarly it is the case with the asset master record and asset GL account
Once you have defined all the three settings
-> Number ranges
-> Screen layout
-> Account determination,

Then you are ready to create the asset class with the master data section
Step 10 B : Creation of Asset classes
==================================
Asset class like an account groups
When you are creating a GL account, we have 5 account groups
When you are required to create an asset master record, you should have asset
classes

Fixed Asset are classified into various Asset classes

Example: Computer, Plant and Machinery, Furniture and Fixtures etc.
Asset class - Plant and machinery
Asset master records- machinery1
Asset master record - machinery2
You cannot create an asset master record without asset classes. Why?
Because Asset classes contain important control settings:
11

Asset Class are created at the client level, it can be used in any company codes.

Asset class contains two sections:

==================================
-> Master data Section
-> Valuation Section
Master data section of the Asset class consists of three settings:
================================================
===================
-> Number Range (internal or external)
-> Screen layout (like a field status - which fields are required, which fields are
optional etc)
-> Account determination (assign the GL accounts for automatic postings)
Valuation section of the Asset Class contains one settings:
================================================
===========
-> Screen layout
these two sections contains the control parameter and the default values which
are copied into the asset master record.
Again, Asset master record is classified into two sections:
-> Master data section
-> Depreciation area section
The control parameters and the default values from master data section of the
asset class will be copied into the master data section of the asset master record
The control parameters and the default values from the valuation section in the
asset class will be copied into the depreciation area section of the asset master
record.
Before creating the asset class, you have to create the master data section of
the asset class with all the three settings
->Number ranges
-> Screen layout
-> Account determination
The asset class which I am going to create -> plant and machinery
12

Path in IMG
FA -> AA -> Organizational Structures -> Assets Classes -> define Asset classes
Click on the clock and then click on new entries
Asset Class -> NEAS

Step 14: Defining the screen layout for the depreciation area section of
the asset Master record
================================================
==============================
Path in IMG
FA -> AA -> Master data -> Screen Layout -> Define the screen layout for the
Asset Depreciation areas
You are creating a new screen layout by copying an existing one
for each screen layout, define the field group rules
Step 15: Determining the depreciation areas in the asset classes
================================================
=================
Path in IMG
FA -> AA -> Valuation -> Determine the depreciation areas in the asset class
Click on the clock
Select the asset class NEAS
And then on the left side, click on depreciation area
1, Remove the deactivation indicator
2, assign the screen layout NEAS
3, define the depreciation key ( 0000)
You have to assign these settings for each depreciation area
So, if you have done up to 15 steps, then you are ready to create the asset
master record.

NOTE: Before doing AS01 please check following setting for Dep.key
0000
Path in IMG
13

Fin. Accounting asset accounting dep. valuation method dep.key

maintain dep.key click on clock
Make sure dep.key 0000 status is ACTIVE
If its not active, select row for dep.key 0000 and click on above TAB ACTIVE and
status will change and save it.
CREATION OF THE ASSET MASTER RECORD:
====================================

Step 16: Creation of asset master record

========================================
Path in EASY ACCESS:
Accounting -> Financial Accounting -> Fixed Assets -> Asset -> create -> Asset

Tcode -> AS01

Change -> AS02
Display -> AS03
The message is "The asset 1000 0 is created"
The asset 1001 0 is created

Whenever you change an asset master record, the system will create a change
document.
From the menu bar, click on Environment -> change documents -> on
asset

CHANGE and DISPLAY the asset master record:

==========================================
Change - AS02
Display - AS03

14

Step 17: Activating additional account assignment objects

================================================
=========
Path in IMG
FA -> AA -> integration with the general ledger -> Additional account
assignment objects -> Activate account assignment objects

Step 18: Changing the layout of the asset master record

================================================
========
-> The no. of tab pages
-> The title of the tab pages
-> The field groups and their position
Path in IMG
FA -> AA -> Master data -> Screen layout -> Specify the tab layout for the asset
master record

Step 19: Maintenance levels

============================
The screen layout for the master data section of the asset master record can be
maintained at the three levels
-> At the asset class
-> At the main asset
-> At the asset sub number

You can create various asset classes

-> Asset class for regular asset (Plant and machinery, computers
-> Asset class for AUC (Asset under construction)
-> Asset class for Low value assets

15

Step 20: Creation of asset class for asset under construction (Auc)
================================================
==================
For example: your company is constructing staff quarters to the employees and
the tenure of the construction is 5 years.
Until the 5th year i.e until the construction is completed, it will not be a
completed asset (capitalized asset)
For the first 1st 5 years, it will be considered as AuC asset under construction.
An asset under AuC- no depreciation is charged. You would have special tax
depreciation at a fixed percentage
At the end of the 5th year, when you are doing the capitalization, you do
settlements.

Step 21: Creation of asset class for low value assets

================================================
=====
Try to do the exercises from page no.49 to 61

ASSET MASTER RECORD

===================
There are two ways of creating the asset master record
-> You create an asset master record using the asset class
or
-> You can create an asset master record by copying an existing master record
(with reference)
Observer the figure 23 on the page no.62

CREATING MULTIPLE SIMILAR ASSET MASTER RECORDS

==============================================
You are having 5 computers and you have to the master record for 5
computeGBP. All the computers have the same settings.
16

Instead of creating it one by one, you can create all the asset record for the 5
computers at the same time
tcode - AS01
No. of similar asset master record - 5
When you click on save, the system will pop up a window to maintain and create
Click on Maintain first
Then click on create
The message is : Assets 1002 to 1006 have been created
================================================
=================================

Company code: SONY

In the last session, we have seen how to create the asset master record
TIME DEPENDENT DATA:
=====================
Some asset master records may be considered as time -dependent
This because of cost accounting assignments
Figure 25 on the page no.64
We will see how to create an asset master record on a time dependent basis
The asset 2001 0 is created
Use the tcde AS02
Click on time dependent tab page and then click on more intervals
Click on add interval
Asset is used in the business area, plant and location
Example: BA - 1000

Plant - 0005
Location - 1
Used from 01.01.2011 to 31.05.2011
17

-----------------------------------BA - 1000
Plant - 0005
Location - 2
Used from 01.06.2011 to 31.12.9999
================================================
=====================
ASSET SUBNUMBERS:
================
Figure 29 on the page no.66
One main asset is classified into various sub numbers
A, computer - main asset
-> Monitor - sub number
-> Key board - sub number
-> CPU - sub number
Asset values can be managed at the sub numbers also.
How to create an asset master record with the sub numbers?

The main asset is 2002

For this asset 2002 , I will have three sub numbers
From the menu bar, click on Asset -> Create the sub number
Enter as "Number of similar sub number as 3"
Click on maintain and then click on create
The message is "Assets 2002 1 to 2002 3 have been created"
For one main asset, you can create "n" no. Of sub numbeGBP.
Exercise from page no.69 to 78
================================================
================================
Unit 3:
=======
18

Asset Transactions
-> Acquisition
-> Retirements
-> Transfers

ACQUISITIONS
When you are implementing FI-AA, asset is a sub ledger
i.e you would be posting all the transactions in the asset master record and the
system would update the relevant gl accounts linked to the asset master record.
Figure 33 on the page no.84
Asset Acquisition entries can be of three types:
================================================
1, Asset acquisition - with integration (integrated with the AP
component)
The entry is:
Dr asset
Cr vendor

The relevant GL accounting entry is

Dr Asset GL account
cr accounts payable account

2, Asset Acquisition - without integration ( not integrated with the AP

component)
The entry is:
Dr Asset master record
cr asset clearing account

3, Asset acquisition - integrated with MM Module

19

Figure 34 on the page no.85 shows the different types of asset

acquisition.
When we discuss about acquisition
-> External acquisition (from a vendor)
-> Internal acquisition (in-house production)

In-house production -> track all the costs incurred on a product -> create an
investment measure (this is done in investment management module) -> settle
to AuC -> capitalize the asset
Path in easy access: Asset acquisition (with integration)
Accounting -> FA -> Fixed Assets -> Posting -> acquisition -> External
acquisition -> with vendor
tcode - F-90
The most important point:
=========================
When you are posting an acquisition entry in the asset line item, there are two
important fields
-> Asset value date
-> Transaction type
Observe the figure 35 on the page no.86

Dr Asset -> in the asset line item -> transaction type and the asset value date
Cr vendor

Asset value date - is the date on which the asset is capitalized

Transaction type - specified the type of transactions (whether it is acquisition

or a retirement or a transfer) you are posting and this would be shown in the
asset history sheet
Observer the figure 36 on the page no.87

Dr Asset - 70

trans type

asset value date

20

cr vendor - 31

The relevant GL account that would get affected are

Dr Asset GL account
cr account payable GL account

ASSET EXPLORER:
===============
Path in easy access:
Accounting -> Financial accounting -> Fixed assets -> Asset -> asset explorer
tcode - AW01N

Observer the figure 37 on the page no.87

-> It is a tool which would be display the asset values
-> The asset explorer contains all the functions of the asset value display as well
as the option of simulation different dep areas.

-> From here, you can directly go to the FI document

-> You can also display the asset master data
-> You can have planned and posted values
-> You can also take the print outs.
-> You can view all account assignment objects linked to the asset master record
Observer the figure 38 on the page no.88

When you are doing the first acquisition,

-> It will update the posting information in the master data section of the asset
master record under the general tab page

A) Capitalized on (derived from the asset value date)

B) First acquisition on (derived from the asset value date)
21

C) Acquisition year (derived from the posting date)

These three fields would be updated
-> It will update the ord.dep start date in the depreciation area section of the
asset master record
A) ord.dep start field
This field would be updated.
Based on the asset value date and the transaction type, the system would
update the posting information and the depreciation start date.
IMPORTNAT NOTE:
==============
The system determines the depreciation start date for ordinary depreciation
using the asset value date of the acquisition posting and the period control
method and writes this date to the depreciation areas in the asset master record.
This is a very important note.
The asset value date (which is the capitalized date) helps in determine the
depreciation start date.
Observer the figure 39 on the page no.89
When you do the acquisition integrated with AP component, the system would
also update the vendor information in the "ORIGIN" data field in the asset
master record.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Document types used for asset posting:
Gross posting AA - you take into the discount and taxes
Net posting AN - you take into account the taxes.
Path in IMG
FA -> FA Global settings -> Document -> Document header -> document types
For document type AN, there will be tick mark for the field "Net document
type"
================================================
=================================
TRANSACTION TYPES:
=================

22

Whenever you are posting a transaction relating to asset, you have to enter the
transaction type for every posting.
The transaction type identify the acquisition, retirement and transfers
Each transaction type has lot of control settings:
-> The transaction type specifies which field are to be updated
A) Asset balance sheet accounts
B) Depreciation areas
C) Value field

Path in IMG
FA -> AA -> transactions -> Acquisitions -> Define Transaction types for
acquisitions
click on the clock and then click on first activity
-> Define transaction type for acquisitions
Example: TType 100

-> Whether it is to be posted on debit or credit transaction

-> Whether to capitalize the asset or not
-> What is the document type allowed for this transaction type
-> Whether the posting related to affiliated company

You can also create your own transaction type

Acquisitions -> 1
Retirements -> 2
Transfers -> 3
Observer the figure 43 on the page no.92
Every transaction type which you create belongs to a transaction type group. The
transaction type group define the features of the transaction type.
-> You can limit transaction type to depreciation areas

23

Path in IMG
FA -> AA -> Transactions -> Acquisition -> Define transaction type for acquisition
Click on the clock and then click on the second activity -" Limit the transaction
types to depreciation areas"
-> You can limit transaction type groups to asset classes

The transaction type groups are fixed and cannot be changed.

================================================
==================================
ASSET ACQUISTION - NOT INTEGRATED WITH AP (using clearing account)
-> Sometime when you purchase the asset, the asset been received but the
invoice not yet received
Dr Asset
cr clearing account

at a later stage, the invoice received

dr clearing account
cr vendor

Finally the entry is

dr asset
cr vendor

-> The invoice received but asset not yet delivered

================================================
===
dr clearing account
cr vendor account

Later, when the asset is delivered

24

dr asset
cr clearing account

Observe the figure 44 on the page no.93

ASSET ACQUISITION INTEGRATED WITH MM Module"

============================================
Observer the figure 45 on the page no.94
Exercise on page no.95 to 114 dealing with the exercise on asset acquisition

================================================
======================

Company code: SONY

In Last session,
Acquisition transactions
-> with integration
-> Without integration
-> integrated with the mm module

Dr Asset 70 - TTY - ASSET VALUE DATE

Cr vendor 31
When you are making posting to the asset line item, you have to enter the
transaction type and the asset value date
Transaction type - specifies the type of transaction you are posting
Asset value date - is the capitalization date - date on which the asset is
capitalized

25

RETIREMENTS:
============
Different types of retirements
- Retirement with or without customer
-> Retirement with or without sales
-> Partial or full retirements
-> Mass retirements
-> Retirement of several assets

Retirement with integration (with the customer)

dr customer
cr asset

This will be entry

Retirement without integration (without customer)
Dr Asset clearing account
cr asset
When you sell an asset, what are the accounts that will get affected?
-> Asset
-> bank/customer
-> gain/loss

There are lot of GL and sub ledger accounts that are getting affected when you
sell the asset.
Observer the figure 48 on the page no.117

Important point to be noted:

===========================
The system determines the depreciation date for the asset retirement based on
the asset value date and the period control method of the depreciation key.
26

Before posting the transactions, create few important GL accounts

-> Gain on asset sale GL account - I1960
-> Loss on asset sale GL account - E1960
-> Asset clearing GL account - in the form of asset account - A1960
-> Clearing revenue from asset sale GL account- I1961
-> Accumulated |dep.account A1970
i.e
When you are selling an asset without a customer
Dr Clearing revenue
cr asset

And then assign them in IMG

Company code: SONY
Path in IMG
FA -> AA -> integration with the GL -> Assign GL accounts
1, Purchase an asset for GBP.10000
(Asset acquisition without integration)
Path in the easy access:
Accounting -> FA -> Fixed Assets -> Posting -> Acquisition -> Ext Acquisition ->
Acquisition with automatic offsetting entry
T-tcode: ABZ0N
We are purchasing an asset on 01.06.2011 for GBP.10000
Asset value date as 01.06.2011
The message is:
Asset transaction posted with the document no. 0100000004"
Dr Asset
cr clearing account

The relevant GL account that are affected are

27

dr asset GL account
cr asset clearing account

go to the asset master record.......

In the master data section, observer the posting information
-> Capitalized on -01.06.2011 (from the asset value date)
-> First acquisition on - 01.06.2011 (from the asset value date)
-> Acquisition year - 2011 003 (from the posting date and the posting period)

go to the dep area section of the asset master record

Then go to the asset explorer - AW01n
Also check the asset GL account - A1501

2, Sell the asset for GBP.9000

(Retirement of an asset reclogging there revenue without integration)
There is a loss of GBP.1000
Path in the easy access
Accounting -> FA -> Fixed Assets -> Posting -> Retirements -> Retirement with
revenue -> Asset sales without a customer
T-code -> ABAon
Click on post
The message is: Asset transaction posted with the document no.SONY
0100000005"

Dr Clearing revenue GL account 9000

dr loss on sale of asset 1000
cr asset master record 10000

28

First go and check the asset master record in the master data section under the
posting information
The system will update the field deactivation on
Secondly, go to the asset explorer

3, Purchase an asset for GBP.10000 and sell 50% of the asset value (GBP.5000 )
for GBP.6000 (without depreciation )

-> Balance of 5000 in the asset

-> Gain of GBP.1000
-> clearing revenue GBP.6000

We have purchased an asset, the document number is 0100000006

Dr Asset
cr Asset clearing account

Sell 50% of GBP.10000 for GBP.6000

Path in the easy access:
Accounting -> Fa -> Fixed assets -> posting -> Retirement -> retirement with
revenue -> asset sale without customer
T-code: ABAON
The document number is 0100000007

Dr Clearing account 6000

cr gain on asset sale 1000
cr asset master record 5000 (asset GL account)

Go and check the asset explorer

29

4, Try to do an example
Purchase an asset for GBP.10, 000 and then sell the asset for GBP.7000.
6 months
Original asset - 10000
Less dep - 500
Net book value 9500
Less sales value 7000
Loss on asset sale 2500

In the material, have a lot of exercises on acquisition and retirements.

================================================
===============================
TRANSFERS:
==========
Transfer of assets
-> There are two types of transfers
A) intra-company asset transfer
B) Inter-company asset transfer

Intra-company asset transfer - when the transfer is taking place within the
company code (one singe company code)
Inter-company asset transfer - transfer taking place between two company
codes in a company and
Transfer taking place from one company code in one company to another
company code in another company
Reasons for intra company asset transfer
-> You have crate an asset in a wrong asset class
-> Asset has changed the location
-> Asset needs to be split
30

-> Stock materials to be transferred to an asset

When you are posting a transaction for intra company asset transfer, you have to
use a transfer variant 4.
Observer the figure 50 on the page no.125
Reasons for inter company asset transfer
-> Asset has changed the location
-> org structure for the asset accounting is changed
A) Transfer of an asset from one company code to another company code in a
company
> For this, you use the transfer variant of relationship type 02

B) Transfer of an asset from one company code in a company to another

company code in another company, for this, you use the transfer variant of
relationship type 01
When you are doing the intra or inter-company asset transfer, at what price the
transfer should take place.
We have three methods
-> Gross method
-> Net method
-. New value method

For intra company asset transfers - we follow gross methods

For inter company asset transfer - either net method or new value method can
be followed
There is an asset transfer from source company code to the target company
code
In case of intra company asset transfer, the source and the target company code
is one and the same.
The original values remain the same.

31

NET METHOD
-> In the source company code
Original asset value 100
dep 20
net book value 80
This would be the sale value - is equal to the net book value
In the target company code
Asset value - 80
NEW VALUE METHOD
-> In the source company code
Original asset value 100
dep 20
Net book value 80
Sale value 70

Loss or gain in the source company code

-> In the target company code
Purchase value 70
Observer the figure 52 on the page no.127
Exercise from page no.131 to 142
Company code: SONY
Unit 4: Periodic Processing
============================
In the last few session
Unit 1, 2, and 3 on Asset Accounting
-> How to create an asset master record (16 steps)
-> Post the asset transactions
A) Acquisition
- Acquisition integrated with ap component
32

-> Acquisition non-integrated with the ap component

-> Acquisition from mm module

B) Retirements
-> Retirement with or without sales
-> Retirement with or without the customer
-> Mass retirements

C) Transfers
-> intra-company asset transfers
-> Inter-company asset transfer

What are the two important fields?

-> Transaction type -specifies the type of transaction you are posting
-> Asset value date - is the date on which the asset is capitalized or the asset is
sold in case of retirements.

The depreciation is calculated using the DEPRECIATION KEYS.

DEPREICAITON KEY is a field appearing in the depreciation area section of the
asset master record.

The posting of depreciation is done automatically by running a program called

RAPOST2000.
Before we do the execution of this program, make note of the following points

Observer the figure 60 on the page no.160

33

-> Primary cost planning (check whether there is to be co account assignment

objects like cost centre, internal order, profit centre, business processes etc)
-> Investment support (capital subsidy received). Each investment support is
identified by an investment support key.
-> Inflation management (this is a county specific setting)
Depreciation posting is done on a periodical basis
Dont get confused between depreciation areas and depreciation keys
Dep area represents different type of valuation and appears in the chart of
depreciation
dep key specifies the method of depreciation

-> SAP support three types of depreciation

A) Ordinary depreciation - due to wear and tear
B) Special depreciation - for asset under construction
C) Unplanned depreciation - manual depreciation.

DEPRECIATION KEYS
Specifies the methods of depreciation
Figure 61 on the page no.163

-> Basic method

-> Declining balance method
-> Maximum amount method
-> Multilevel method
-> Period control method

Path in IMG
FA -> AA -> Depreciation -> Valuation methods -> Depreciation key ->
Calculation methods
Observe the depreciation area section of the asset master record
34

Figure 65 on the page no.166

Depreciation area for cost accounting purposes

-> The system takes into the imputed interest portion
-> indexing

The important diagram is on figure 70 page no.171

If you run the program RAPOST2000
-> The system will identify the ordinary depreciation, special depreciation,
unplanned depreciation, interest, revaluations etc

-> The system will update the relevant GL Account and also to the sub ledger.
You can also do the test run
go and check the dep keys for the assts in the company code NEAS....
Some of the errors when you are running the program RAPOST2000:
-> Incorrect account assignment objects
-> Accounts for posting missing
-> Posting period was entered incorrectly.
-> Settings missing in the asset master record for deprecation key - 0000

Exercise on Page no.175 to 190

Fiscal year change and year end closing

=======================================
Year end closing - when you are closing books of accounts of the end
Fiscal year change - change of the account year

Figure 73 on the page no.191

35

-> The year end closing program is done at the end of the last posting period
For ex: Jan to dec - in the month of dec you can do year end closing program
-> The year end closing program for the whole company code.
-> For example
Books of accounts are prepared for
2009
2010
2011
If you want to do the year end closing for 2011, then you have to see that the
year end closing program is done for 2009 and also for 2010 then only you can
do the year end closing program for the year 2011.

Observer the figure 74 on the page no.192

The yearend closing program checks whether

-> The depreciation and the asset values have been posted in full or not
-> The asset contains any error or are incomplete
By chance, you have done the closing process and after closing, you have
realised that you have done a mistake; you have re-run the whole program
again.

Program names for

Fiscal year change ->
====================
Path in easy access
Accounting -> Financial Accounting -> Fixed Assets -> periodic processing ->
fiscal year change
T-code -> AJRW
RAJAWE00

36

Year end closing ->

==================
Path in easy access
Accounting -> financial accounting -> fixed assts -=> periodic processing - year
end closing
Tcode > AJAB executive
Program name -> RAJABS00
Exercise on page no.195 to 202
INFORMATION SYSYSTEM -> Standard reports
In order to run the standard reports in asset accounting
Path in the easy access:
Accounting -> FA -> Fixed Assets -> Information system -> Reports on Asset
Accounting

List viewer
-> Output is in the form of the list
-> apply lot of feature for the output
-> do in ascend GBP or descending order
-> totalling. Subtotalling
-> Increase /decreasing the columns

ASSET HISTORY SHEET -> this is a yearend closing report.

This sheet shows the transactions that occurred on an asset.
You can also customize the asset history sheet
Exercise 12 on the page no.209 to 214
================================================
===========================
DEPRECIATION SIMULATION
For instance, you are following straight line method and also simultaneously you
would like to know how much would be thee amt of depreciate under base level
method

37

You can crate various simulation version -= each version having different
depreciation methods.
Simulation can be applied to a single asset or for the whole asset portfolio.

Report name -> RASIMU02

Exercise from page no.219 to 226
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

38