Convention Application

a)
Where a person has made an Application for a Patent in respect of an
invention in a Convention country (basic application), and that person or the legal
representative or assignee of that person makes an application under this Act for a
patent within twelve months after the date on which the basic application was
made, the priority date of a claim of the complete specification, being a claim based
on matter disclosed in the basic application, is the date of making of the basic
application. Where applications have been made for similar protection in respect of
an invention in two or more convention countries, the period of twelve months
referred to in this sub-section shall be reckoned from the date on which the earlier
or earliest of the said applications was made.
b)
Where applications for protection have been made in one or more convention
countries in respect of two or more inventions which are cognate or of which one is
a modification of another, a single convention application may be made in respect
of those inventions at any time within twelve months from the date of the earliest of
the said applications for protection. However, the fee payable in respect of such
application shall be the same as if separate applications have been made in respect
of each of the said inventions.

Collective Marks
Under the intellectual property law of most countries, there are provisions on the protection of collective
marks. Collective marks are usually defined as signs which distinguish the geographical origin, material, mode of
manufacture or other common characteristics of goods or services of different enterprises using the collective mark.
The owner may be either an association of which those enterprises are members or any other entity, including a
public institution or a cooperative.
The owner of the collective mark is responsible for ensuring the compliance with certain standards (usually fixed in
the regulations concerning the use of the collective mark) by its members. Thus, the function of the collective mark is
to inform the public about certain particular features of the product for which the collective mark is used. Most
countries require that an application for a collective mark be accompanied by a copy of the regulations which govern
the use of the collective mar

daptation

Adaptation to the adverse effects of climate change is vital in order to reduce the impacts of climate change that
are happening now and increase resilience to future impacts. The UNFCCC webpages on adaptation highlight
the range of issues that are being addressed by Parties under the various Convention bodies, including:

Patent law [edit]

Licensing of patents
Overviews

In patent law, a cross-licensing agreement is an agreement according to which two or more parties
grant a license to each other for the exploitation of the subject-matter claimed in one or more of the
patents each owns.[1] Usually, this type of agreement happens between two parties in order to avoid
litigation or to settle an infringement dispute.[2] Very often, the patents that each party owns covers
different essential aspects of a given commercial product. Thus by cross licensing, each party maintains
their freedom to bring the commercial product to market.