Singapore Rank Score (0.000 = inequality, 1.

000 = equality)

Gender Gap Index 2009 (out of 134 countries) 85 0.666

Economy
Gender Gap Index 2008 (out of 130 countries) 84 0.663 country score
1.00
sample average
Gender Gap Index 2007 (out of 128 countries) 77 0.661 0.80 0.8
0.00 = inequality
Gender Gap Index 2006 (out of 115 countries) 65 0.655 0.60 0.6 1.00 = equality
0.40 0.4

Key Indicators 0.20 0.2

Health 0.00 Education

Total population (millions) .......................................................................4.59
Population growth (%) .............................................................................4.17
GDP (US$ billions).................................................................................132.90
GDP (PPP) per capita...........................................................................46,939

Mean age of marriage for women (years) ..............................................27

Politics
Fertility rate (births per woman) ............................................................1.30
Year women received right to vote ......................................................1947
Overall population sex ratio (male/female)..........................................0.96

Sample Female-to-
Gender Gap Subindexes Rank Score average Female Male male ratio

Economic Participation and Opportunity 58 0.671 0.594 Female-to-male ratio

Labour force participation .........................................82 0.73 0.69 60 83 0.73
Wage equality for similar work (survey) ...................9 0.79 0.66 — — 0.79
Estimated earned income (PPP US$).......................86 0.52 0.52 20,775 40,000 0.52
Legislators, senior officials, and managers............56 0.44 0.30 31 69 0.44
Professional and technical workers ........................80 0.82 0.84 45 55 0.82
0.00 = INEQUALITY 1.00 = EQUALITY 1.50

Educational Attainment 102 0.937 0.930 Female-to-male ratio

Literacy rate .................................................................89 0.94 0.87 91 97 0.94
Enrolment in primary education..............................121 0.93 0.97 — — 0.93
Enrolment in secondary education ........................102 0.95 0.92 — — 0.95
Enrolment in tertiary education................................— — 0.87 — — —
0.00 = INEQUALITY 1.00 = EQUALITY 1.50

Health and Survival 121 0.958 0.960 Female-to-male ratio

Sex ratio at birth (female/male) ..............................127 0.93 0.93 — — 0.93
Healthy life expectancy............................................106 1.03 1.04 71 69 1.03
0.00 = INEQUALITY 1.00 = EQUALITY 1.50

Political Empowerment 86 0.101 0.169 Female-to-male ratio

Women in parliament..................................................36 0.32 0.22 25 76 0.32
Women in ministerial positions...............................131 0.00 0.17 0 100 0.00
Years with female head of state (last 50) ................41 0.00 0.14 0 50 0.00
0.00 = INEQUALITY 1.00 = EQUALITY 1.50

Additional Data
Maternity and Childbearing
Births attended by skilled health staff (%) ......................................100
Contraceptive prevalence, married women (%)...............................62
Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)...........................................3
Length of paid maternity leave .................................................8 weeks
Maternity leave benefits (% of wages paid) ...................................100
Provider of maternity coverage................................The first 8 weeks
paid by employer, the last 8 weeks funded by the government up
to a ceiling.†
Maternal mortality ratio per 100,000 live births ................................14
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women aged 15–19) .......6
Education and Training
Female teachers, primary education (%)...........................................81
Female teachers, secondary education (%) .....................................66
Female teachers, tertiary education (%) ...........................................35
Employment and Earnings
Female adult unemployment rate (%)..............................................4.33
Male adult unemployment rate (%) .................................................3.69
Women in non-agricultural paid labour
(% of total labour force).....................................................................45
Ability of women to rise to enterprise leadership*.......................5.87
Basic Rights and Social Institutions**
Paternal versus maternal authority....................................................—
Female genital mutilation .....................................................................—
Polygamy.................................................................................................—
Existence of legislation punishing acts of violence
against women .................................................................................0.50
*Survey data, responses on a 1-to-7 scale (1 = worst score, 7 = best score)
**Data on a 0-to-1 scale (1 = worst score, 0 = best score)
† For allsubsequent births, full 16 weeks funded by the government up to a ceiling

108 Country Profiles Global Gender Gap Report 2009