Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A heat engine typically uses energy provided in the form of heat to do work and then exhausts the
heat which cannot be used to do work. Heat engines such as automobile engines operate in a
cyclic manner, adding energy in the form of heat in one part of the cycle and using that energy to
do useful work in another part of the cycle.
PISTON
A piston is a cylindrical engine component that slides back and
forth in the cylinder bore by forces produced during the
combustion process. The piston acts as a movable end of the
combustion chamber. The stationary end of the combustion
chamber is the cylinder head. Pistons are commonly made of
a cast aluminum alloy for excellent and lightweight thermal
conductivity.
PISTON RING
A piston ring is an expandable split ring used to provide a
seal between the piston and the cylinder wall. Piston rings
are commonly made from cast iron. Cast iron retains the
integrity of its original shape under heat, load, and other
dynamic forces. Piston rings seal the combustion
chamber, conduct heat from the piston to the cylinder
wall, and return oil to the crankcase. Piston ring size and
configuration vary depending on engine design and
cylinder material.
Crankshaft:
Is an engine component that converts the linear (reciprocating) motion of the piston into rotary
motion. The crankshaft is the main rotating component of an engine and is commonly made of
ductile iron. Features of a crankshaft include the crankpin journal, throw, bearing journals,
counterweights, crankgear, and a power take-off.
Engine Block:
The purpose of the engine block is to support the components of the engine. Additionally, the
engine block transfers heat from friction to the atmosphere and engine coolant. The material
selected for the engine block is either gray cast iron or aluminum alloy. Both of these metals have
good thermal conductivity and fluidity in the molten state.
Measurements
Measurement
1st Rod Bearing
2nd Rod Bearing
3rd Rod Bearing
Average
Overall Average
Measurement
1st Crankpin
2nd Crankpin
3rd Crankpin
Average
Overall Average
Cylinders Diameter
Horizontal
Vertical
Average
Overall Average
52.01
52.00
52.02
52.01
51.99
52.01
52.02
52.01
52.03
52.04
52.05
52.04
52.02
52.03
52.04
52.03
52.02
1
51.98
52.01
52.04
52.01
51.93
52.01
51.93
51.97
52.0
52.03
52.01
52.01
51.97
51.96
51.97
51.97
51.99
1st Cylinder
2nd Cylinder
3rd Cylinder
4th Cylinder
97.98
98.14
98.06
97.98
98.05
98.02
97.91
98.01
97.96
98.00
98.15
98.08
98.03
Pistons Diameter
1st Measurement
2nd Measurement
Average
Overall Average
1st Piston
2nd Piston
3rd Piston
4th Piston
96.1
95.1
95.6
96.4
96.5
96.45
97.95
96.75
97.35
97.9
96.2
97.05
Pistons Skirt
st
1 Measurement
2nd Measurement
Average
Overall Average
1st Skirt
2nd Skirt
3rd Skirt
4th Skirt
98.09
98.06
98.08
97.98
98.09
98.04
97.95
98.06
98.00
97.99
98.03
98.01
Clearance
Overall Average
Rings Joint
Overall Average
96.61
98.03
Piston 1
Piston 2
Piston 3
Piston 4
0.05
0.05
0.05
3rd Ring
4th Ring
0.6
0.05
1st Ring
2nd Ring
0.5
0.5
0.53