HISTORY AND CULTURE OF TUITION

VOICING NATIVES PERSPECTIVE

ACADEMIES:

ABSTRACT
The research was focused on causes of growing private tuition
academies assuming that degraded learning environment in government
educational institutions in Pakistan have provided space for private
tuition academies. The objectives of the research included: local
perception of parents, teachers and students about tuition academies, link
between social statuses and tuition trends, teaching techniques at schools
and tuition academies and motivational factors for the students to join
academies. Main findings of the study showed that educational
institutions of primary and secondary level possess basic academic
significance as they bear fundamental importance for scholastic grades
and positions. Self-motivation for joining the private tuition academies
by the students was one of the major stimuli whereas other factors like
social status, trend or fashion also played a pivotal role in establishing
bonds with the academies. Moreover, the research also thoroughly
examined learning and teaching structures of government and private
academic institutions.
Keywords: Tuition academies, cultural determinants, motivation,
learning environment, teaching structure.

INTRODUCTION
The study will focus on causes of growing private tuition academies in
Wahcantt dist rawalpindi to look into their role in enhancing the
educational outlook of the area. is a small town situated in Taxila Tahsil
of Punjab province of Pakistan. The main motive of this research is to
explore the concealed
factors which motivate students to join
academies. This study will be an attempt to investigate the impact of
tuition academies on academic results, causes towards joining tuition
academies and to assess social, behavioral and psychological effects on
the students. For a comparative account, the learning environment of
government schools was also observed.
A review of the history of tuition academies reveals that from the late
eighteenth to the late nineteenth century, academies were dominant form
of schooling beyond the primary level in the United States (Baidae
1999). Until the 1880s, the number of academies and academy students
outnumbered high schools and high school students. Stretching to other
regions of the world, the education system of academies has become a
universal phenomenon. The continuity and survival of academies is a
major evidence for their importance and utility. Amongst many success
stories, the London Tuition Academy established in 2005 is the most
renowned. It is an independent private organization which has
specialized in all academic levels including GCSE, O&A levels and
university education. For the last few years, their vetted tutors have
successfully served Londons vast multi-cultural community and have
facilitated students with the capacity to achieve excellent grades in
various subjects (LTA 2005).
In Pakistan, Rana Academy Lahore was the first Tuition Academy
established in 1974. It started gaining popularity and soon it became
one of the leading institutions of its own type. Its immense fame not
only attracted the students from nearby areas but even from distant
places. The good results produced by various branches of Rana
Acadaemy, encouraged a trend of opening tuition academies in other

areas Punjab and Wahcantt is one of them. The concept of tuition

academies in Wahcantt started in 1988.
It is believed that educational academies are performing a dual
task of education and enculturation of the children. Researcher hopes
that complexity of issue will made it an interesting anthropological
research project because a different perspective would be required to
analyze the situation. Unlike educationists explanation, the
phenomenon of tuition academies requires an anthropological
rationalization in the interpretation of cultural contexts provided by
various stakeholders.
1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The purpose of this study will be to determine the causes of the growing
private tuition academies in Wahcantt. The objective of this study will
also be to suggest ways and means to reduce the growing trend.
The objectives of the research also included: local perception of parents,
teachers and students about tuition academies, link between social
statuses and tuition trends, teaching techniques at schools and tuition
academies and motivational factors for the students to join academies.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
To find the causes of growing trend of private tuition academies in
Wahcantt.
local perception of parents, teachers and students about tuition
academies.
To find the number of students enrolled in private academies and
their %age in Wahcantt.
To design a realistic approach to minimize the growing trend.
To share findings of the study to realize causes and impacts of
dropouts to all Stakeholders (Parents, students, teachers and Govt
departments)
To search out the teaching techniques at schools and tuition
academies and motivational factors for the students to join
academies.

HYPOTHESIS / ASSUMPTIONS
The research was based on a supposition that mortified environment in
government educational institutions have provided breathing space
for private tuition academies. Moreover, contemporary expertise
and teaching practices have been effectively utilized by tuition
academies to capture attention of students and parents.
SCOPE / SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study will may enhance, better learning environment in
government schools, quality teachers, competitive setting and better
opportunities for personality building.
The poor learning situation at government schools also acted as a
push factor. It is fact that poor performance of government academic
institutions provided space for private tuition academies. This study
will help to remove this space.

Education Department may accept it and recommend a replicable

strategy for other cities.
DELIMITATIONS
The researchers will delimit the area to only Wahcantt.
The researchers will take Governments schools (grade 5-10).
The researchers will select randomly 20 Government
schools(fourty teachers) and 10 private academies in Wahantt

CHAPTER-3
METHODS AND PROCEDURE
3.1

POPULATION

The Govt schools from grade 5-10 of Wahcantt.

10 private tution academies.
Students and Parents of the students who joined the academies.
3.2 SAMPLING
The researchers will Randomly select 20 Government schools and 10
tution academies by using simple random sampling in Wahcantt , forty
teachers, forty students and forty parents of the students.
3.3 RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
QUESTIONNAIRES: Three questionnaires will be prepared, for
teachers, for students and for the parents of the student.
3.4 DATA COLLECTION
Table of Class wise enrolment, and number of students taking academies
will be distributed among the schools in Wahcantt.
Total class wise enrollment, number of students taking academies for
the academic year 2015-2016 will be collected of 20 Government
schools
selected
for
this
purpose.
One Set of each Questionnaire will be distributed among forty teachers,
forty parents and forty students of Government Schools of Wahcantt .
The researchers will visit these schools, parents and students in their self
to collect accurate data and will record their views and opinions in the
given questionnaires.
3.5 DATA ANALYSIS
The data will be arranged, organized and presented in different tables for
analysis. The method of %age will be used for analysis. On the basis of
analysis some conclusions will be drawn and recommendations will be
given accordingly.