Chapter 6 REVIEW

6.1 The Exponential Function and Its Inverse
1. a) Graph the function f(x)  3 . Identify the
x
key features of the graph.
i) domain and range
ii) x-intercept, if it exists
iii) y-intercept, if it exists
iv) intervals for which the function is positive
and intervals for which it is negative
v) intervals for which the function is
increasing and intervals for which it
is decreasing
vi) equation of the asymptote
b) Graph the line y  x on the same grid.
c) Graph the inverse function f1 by reflecting
f in the line y  x. Identify the key features
of f1.
6.3 Transformations of Logarithmic Functions
8. a) Graph the function y  log (x  5)  2.
b) Identify the
i) domain
ii) range
iii) equation of the asymptote
9. Repeat question 8 for the function y  3 log (x).
10. Use Technology Check your graphs for
questions 8 and 9 using graphing technology.
11. a) Create a logarithmic function that includes
all of the following transformations of the
function y  log x:
• a horizontal stretch
• a translation to the left
• a vertical translation

()
x
1 . • a reflection
2. Repeat question 1 for the function g(x)  _
4 Write an equation for your function.
6.2 Logarithms b) Graph the function.
3. Rewrite each equation in logarithmic form. c) Identify
a) 4  64
3
b) 28  3 x i) the domain
c) 6  y
3
d) 512  29 ii) the range
iii) an equation for the asymptote
4. Rewrite each equation in exponential form.
a) 7  log2 128 6.4 Power Law of Logarithms
b) x  logb n 12. Evaluate.
c) 5  log3 243 a) log2 323
d) 19  logb 4
b) log 10002
5. Estimate the value of log2 50 without using
c) log 0.0011
a calculator. Justify your estimate with
( )
4
mathematical reasoning. d) log _1 _1
4 16
6. Evaluate.
a) log2 16 13. Solve for x, correct to three decimal places.
a) x  log3 17
b) log3 81

( )
c) log4 _ 1
16
b) log2 0.35  x
c) 4x  10
()
x
d) log 0.000 001 1
d) 80  100 _
7. What is the value of logx x? For what values 2
of x does your answer hold true? Justify your
answer with mathematical reasoning.

356 MHR • Advanced Functions • Chapter 6

14. The intensity, I, of light, in lumens, passing
through the glass of a pair of sunglasses is
given by the equation I(x)  I0(0.8)x, where x
is the thickness of the glass, in millimetres, and
I0 is the intensity of light entering the glasses.
How thick should the glass be so that it will
block 25% of the light entering the sunglasses?
15. a) Sketch a graph of the function y  log3 x
without using technology.
b) Use graphing technology to check your sketch.
6.5 Making Connections: Logarithmic Scales
in the Physical Sciences
16. Recall the pH scale, pH  log [H].
Chemical A has a pH of 6, while chemical B
has a pH of 8. What does this suggest about
their relative levels of hydronium ion
concentration, [H]?
17. The magnitude, M, of an earthquake is
measured using the Richter scale:
M  log _I
I0 ()
A “great” earthquake measures about 8 on
the Richter scale, while a “light” earthquake
measures about 4. Does this mean that a
great earthquake is twice as intense as a light
earthquake? If so, explain why, and if not,
explain why not, using mathematical reasoning.
PROBLEM WRAP-UP
CHAPTER
How are stars powered? Where does the
energy come from? Do they ever burn out?
Stars are fuelled by various nuclear reactions,
such as nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.
()
_t
The equation N(t)  N0 _ 1 h is related to
2 you discover.
these processes.
18. Welders use a logarithmic scale to identify
protective eyewear. The shade number, n,
is given by the equation
7 log T
n  1  __ ,
3
where T is the fraction of visible light that the
glass transmits.
a) What shade number should a welder use
1 of the light
that will only transmit _
8
entering the glass?
b) Viewing a solar eclipse through #14 welding
glasses is considered safe. What fraction of
light do these glasses transmit?
c) For doing furnace repairs, #2 welding
glasses are sufficient. How many times
as much visible light is transmitted by #2
welding glasses as by #14 welding glasses?
19. Use Technology Refer to question 18.
a) Graph n versus T using graphing technology.
b) Use the graph or algebraic reasoning to identify
the domain and range of this function.
Do some research on this equation and these
topics. What is this equation called? What
do the variables represent? Pose and solve
two problems related to this equation. Write
a brief report about anything interesting that
Chapter 6 Review • MHR 357