Vision

A transformative University Committed to

Technology, Innovation and Service Excellence.

Mission
The University shall primarily provide advance instruction
and professional training in the arts, philosophy, social
sciences, agriculture and fishery, forestry, science and
technology, engineering, education, law and other related
fields. It shall also undertake research and extension
services, and provide progressive leadership in its area of
specialization.

College of Industrial Technology (CIT) Goal

The College of Industrial Technology is committed to
develop the individual to be competent in his chosen
vocation equipped with knowledge and skills in
accordance with industrial standards; to inculcate
desirable values and attitudes necessary in dealing with
the clientele in the workplace, and in the industry, as
partner in national and global economic development.

Introduction

The basic parts of a desktop computer are the computer

case, monitor, keyboard, mouse, and power cord.
Each part plays an important role whenever you use a
computer.

Computer case
The computer case is the metal and plastic box that
contains the main components of the computer. It
houses the motherboard, central processing unit (CPU),
power supply, and more. Computer cases come in
different shapes and sizes.

The desktop case lies flat on a desk, and the monitor

usually sits on top of it. A tower case is tall and sits next
to the monitor or on the floor. The front of the case
usually has an on/off switch and one or more optical
drives. Most of the personal computers you can purchase
today include tower cases rather than desktop cases;
however, some computers are being made with all of the
internal components built into the monitor, which
completely eliminates the tower.

What is computer?

A computer is an electronic device that manipulates

information, or data. It has the ability to store, retrieve,
and process data. You can use a computer to type
documents, send mail, and browse the Web. You can also
use it to handle spreadsheets, accounting, database
management, presentations, games, and more.
Computer simplified
For beginner computer users, the computer aisles at an
electronics store can be quite a mystery, not to mention
overwhelming. However, computers really arent that
mysterious. All types of computers consist of two basic
parts:
Hardware is any part of your computer that has a
physical structure, such as the computer monitor or
keyboard,
Software is any set of instructions that tells the
hardware what to do. It is what guides the hardware and
tells it how to accomplish each task. Some examples of
software include web browsers, games, and word
processors such as Microsoft Word.

What are the different types of computers?

When most people hear the word computer, they think
of a personal computer such as a desktop or laptop.
However, computers come in many shapes and sizes, and
they perform many different functions in our daily lives.

Basic Computer Components

Hardware vs. Software
Hardware includes the parts of the computer system
that you actually can touch (like the keyboard, mouse,
monitor, or CPU).
Software refers to the programs that you use on your
computer (like a word-processing program) or the
programs that make your computer work (you physically
cannot touch these). Programs also called applications.

Monitor: This part of the computer system that visually

communicates with the user. It is somewhat like a
television. Almost all information communicated from the
computer to the user is through the monitor. (The monitor
is also referred to as the screen)

CPU (Central Processing Unit): This box is the brain of

a computer system. It processes, stores, and
communicates information. Wires connect your CPU to
your monitor and other devices. Computers are
somewhat similar to people. They have memories just like
us. The memory on a computer is stored in data on disks.
Disks look like small heavy old style records. Disks
function similarly like records. As the disk spins inside the
computer, the data on the disk is accessed. The programs
that you use (such as word-processing)

The power cord is the link between the power outlet

and the power supply unit in the computer casing. If
the power cord is not plugged in, the computer will not
power on. To protect your computer from voltage spikes,
you can plug the power cord into a surge protector. You
can also use an uninterruptable power supply (UPS),
which acts as a surge protector and provides temporary
power if there is a blackout.
On most computer systems, both CPU and the monitor
have a power switch that turns them on and off.

Printer: This device takes information (usually text and

pictures) from the computer and prints it on paper.

Mouse: Similar to the keyboard, the mouse is used to

communicate with the computer. The mouse is like a
remote control to a TVIt is a tool that drives the
computer that can be used away from the computer;
though the mouse is considered your direct connection
into the computer world. Well go over how to use.

Keyboard: The keyboard is an important tool that allows

a user to communicate with the computer. It is composed
of keys that send a signal to the computer that the

computer recognizes and uses to carry out processes and

programs.
Keys on the keyboard

Using the keyboard

A keyboard is basically a board of keys. Along with the
mouse, the keyboard is one of the primary input devices
used with a computer. The keyboards design comes from
the original typewriter keyboards, which arranged letters
and numbers in a way that prevented the type-bars from
getting jammed when typing quickly. This keyboard
layout is known as the QWERTY design, which gets its
name from the first six letters across in the upper-lefthand corner of the keyboard.

The main keys are placed in the main keypad. It has the
most keys which are arranged like most typewriter keys
using the QWERTY pattern. QWERTY pertains to the first
six letters in the row just below the numbers. Aside from
letters and numbers, this set of keys also includes
punctuation marks and special keys like the Enter or
carriage return key, Caps Lock key, and Spacebar key.

Numeric Keypad
The numeric keypad is typically located at the
rightmost side of the keyboard. It includes the digits 0 to

9, a period or decimal point, arithmetic operations keys,

and the Enter key that also serves as the equal sign in
computations.
Function Keys
On the top row are the function keys, labelled F1 through
F12. The functions of these keys depend on the software
currently in use. Along the same row are some keys with
special functions like the Print Screen, and
Pause/Break keys. At the left of the function key is the
Esc (escape key), normally used to interrupt or cancel an
activity.

Cursor Keys
The keyboard may also have three indicator lights usually
at the upper rightmost corner. The light up if any of the
Num Lock, Scroll Lock, or Caps Lock key is toggled. To
toggle means to go back forth, much likes pressing an
On/off switch.

Modifier keys include Ctrl (control), Alt (alternate), and

Shift keys. These keys change the original output of a
specific key.
In a 104-key board, there are three extra keys
located on the row where the spacebar is. The first two
are the

(Start) keys between the Ctrl and Alt keys on either

side. The key opens the start menu of the Windows
operating system. The other key, the (menu) key, located
to the right of the second key, opens a pop-up menu that
offers the user additional commands.

Function of the Keys

The keys on the keyboard, when pressed, will either
produce a character that corresponds to the one printed
on it, or send a command for the computer to follow. The
first group, the ones that produce characters when
pressed, contain the printable characters, and the
second group includes the modifier keys and the
character control keys. Character control keys are the
first 32 characters in the ASCII set. They do not represent
printing characters but are used for printing and display
control, data structuring, and transmission control.
Character control keys include Backspace, Tab, Enter,
and Esc.
Notice that there are two Shift keys on the keyboard. The
Shift key is used to change the capitalization of a main
key. The two are positioned on the opposite sides of the
main keyboard so that when yon type a capital letter, you
will not just use the fingers of one hand. The same goes
for the Alt and Ctrl keys. If you want to type several
uppercase letters in succession, you can turn on Caps
Lock. You can toggle it to go back typing lowercasing
letters.

Some keys can be combined to give a special instruction

to the computer. Examples of these sequences are the
Ctrl + Alt + Delete combination, which will restart the
system (or bring up the Windows Task Manager and other
options in Windows Vista) and the Alt + F4 combination,
which forces program you are using at the moment to
end.

Certain combinations can make symbols appear.

Holding down the Alt key while pressing digits to form a
number from 0 to 255 can produce characters not found
on the keyboard, such as the letter or the trademark
symbol (). For example, to type the letter , you need to
press hold down the Alt while pressing the numbers 1, 6,
4 in sequence on the numeric keypad.

The hands rest lightly on the keyboard. The left hands

pinkie should be positioned on the letter A, the ring finger
on S, the middle finger on D, and the forefinger on F. the
right hands finder should be positioned in the same
manner, beginning with the forefinger on J, middle finger
on K, ring finger on L, and the pinkie on semicolon ;. Both
the thumbs should be positioned on the Spacebar. No
finger should be on the letters G and H. this position is
called the default or rest position. Most keyboards have
recesses or raised dots placed on the F and J keys to
Guide the user where to position their fingers. This is also
called the Home Row Technique.

NOTE:
To avoid injuries, keep your wrist up instead of
resting on the desk or he keyboard. Place your feet
flat on the floor in front of you. Sit your back
straight supported by the back of your chair. Keep
your elbows close to your sides with forearms
slanted slightly upward to the keyboard.
The key labels, size, shape, and color may be
different depending on the manufacturer and
model of your keyboard.
Your fingers should move back to the default position
after striking a key. This method is called touch typing
because you can train yourself to memorize the keyboard
using your fingers so that you can type without looking at
the keys. All keys on the main keyboard are assigned to
the finger nearest to it on the rest position. Train yourself
to strike only the keys with the correct finger and resist
going back to the hunt-and-peck method of typing, in
which you only use two fingers to type and you look at
the keyboard to locate the keys.
Office Productive Tools
Many computer programs related to each other are
packed together. Such a collection is called program suite
and the programs that comprise it are interrelated and
complementary to one another. Program suites were
developed so that users can do away with analogous
programs used for office work. There are many program
suites available to computer users. For graphics artists

and publishers, there is the Adobe Creative Suite (and,

also, the CorelDraw Graphics Suite) that includes
programs for imaging, illustration, and drawing.

In addition, there is the office productivity suite. The most

widely used ones are Open Office .org, Corel WordPerfect
Office, Sun Microsystems Star Office, and Microsoft Office.
For this book, we will focus on Microsoft Office. This suite
includes software used for word processing, spread
sheets, presentations, database management, and
electronic mail management.