Duct Design

Friction Chart for Round Duct ( = 0.075 lbm/ft3 and = 0.0003 ft)

32.9

Fig. 9

32.10

1997 ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook

Table 2

Equivalent Rectangular Duct Dimension

Aspect Ratio

1.00

Duct
Diameter, in.
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
38

1.25

1.50

1.75

2.00

2.25

2.50

2.75

3.00

3.50

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

21
6
21
6
25
7
25
7
28
8
28
8
32
9
32
9
35
10
35
10
39
11
39
11
42
12
42
12
46
13
46
13
49
14
49
14
53
15
53
15
56
16
56
16
60
17
60
17
63
18
63
18
67
19

24
6
24
6
28
7
28
7
32
8
32
8
36
9
36
9
40
10
40
10
44
11
44
11
48
12
48
12
52
13
52
13
56
14
56
14
60
15
60
15
60
15
64
16
64
16
68
17
68
17
72
18

30
6
30
6
35
7
35
7
35
7
40
8
40
8
45
9
45
9
50
10
50
10
55
11
55
11
55
11
60
12
60
12
65
13
65
13
70
14
70
14
75
15
75
15
75
15
80
16
85
17

36
6
36
6
42
7
42
7
42
7
48
8
48
8
54
9
54
9
54
9
60
10
60
10
66
11
66
11
66
11
72
12
72
12
78
13
78
13
78
13
84
14
84
14
90
15
96
16

42
6
42
6
49
7
49
7
49
7
56
8
56
8
56
8
63
9
63
9
70
10
70
10
70
10
77
11
77
11
77
11
84
12
84
12
91
13
91
13
91
13
98
14
105
15

48
6
48
6
56
7
56
7
56
7
64
8
64
8
64
8
72
9
72
9
72
9
80
10
80
10
88
11
88
11
88
11
96
12
96
12
96
12
104
13
104
13
112
14

Rectangular Size, in.

Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height

*Shaded area not recommended.

6
6
7
7
8
8
9
9
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
16
16
16
16
17
17
18
18
19
19
20
20
21
21
22
22
23
23
24
24
25
25
26
26
27
27
27
27
28
28
29
29
30
30
31
31
32
32
33
33
35
35

6
5
8
6
9
7
9
7
10
8
11
9
13
10
14
11
14
11
15
12
16
13
18
14
19
15
20
16
20
16
21
17
23
18
24
19
25
20
25
20
26
21
28
22
29
23
30
24
31
25
31
25
33
26
34
27
35
28
36
29
36
29
39
31

9
6
11
7
12
8
12
8
14
9
15
10
17
11
17
11
18
12
20
13
21
14
21
14
23
15
24
16
26
17
26
17
27
18
29
19
30
20
30
20
32
21
33
22
35
23
35
23
36
24
38
25
39
26
39
26
41
27
44
29

11
6
11
6
12
7
14
8
14
8
16
9
18
10
18
10
19
11
21
12
23
13
23
13
25
14
26
15
26
15
28
16
30
17
30
17
32
18
33
19
35
20
35
20
37
21
39
22
39
22
40
23
42
24
42
24
44
25
47
27

12
6
14
7
14
7
16
8
18
9
18
9
20
10
20
10
22
11
24
12
24
12
26
13
28
14
28
14
30
15
32
16
32
16
34
17
36
18
36
18
38
19
40
20
40
20
42
21
44
22
44
22
46
23
48
24
50
25

14
6
14
6
16
7
16
7
18
8
20
9
20
9
23
10
25
11
25
11
27
12
27
12
29
13
32
14
32
14
34
15
36
16
36
16
38
17
38
17
41
18
43
19
43
19
45
20
47
21
47
21
50
22
50
22
54
24

15
6
18
7
18
7
20
8
20
8
23
9
23
9
25
10
28
11
28
11
30
12
30
12
33
13
35
14
35
14
38
15
38
15
40
16
43
17
43
17
45
18
45
18
48
19
50
20
50
20
53
21
53
21
58
23

17
6
17
6
19
7
19
7
22
8
25
9
25
9
28
10
28
10
30
11
30
11
33
12
36
13
36
13
39
14
39
14
41
15
41
15
44
16
44
16
47
17
50
18
50
18
52
19
52
19
55
20
55
20
61
22

18
6
21
7
21
7
24
8
24
8
27
9
27
9
30
10
30
10
33
11
33
11
36
12
39
13
39
13
42
14
42
14
45
15
45
15
48
16
48
16
51
17
54
18
54
18
57
19
57
19
60
20
63
21

Duct Design

32.11
Table 2

Equivalent Rectangular Duct Dimension (Continued)

Aspect Ratio

Duct
Diameter, in.
40
42
44
46
48
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
66
68
70
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
90
92
94
96
98
100
102

1.00

1.25

1.50

1.75

2.00

2.25

2.50

2.75

3.00

3.50

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

70
20
74
21
81
23
84
24
88
25
91
26
95
27
98
28
102
29
105
30
109
31
112
32
116
33
119
34
123
35
126
36
130
37
133
38
137
39
140
40
144
41
147
42
151
43
154
44
158
45
161
46
165
47
168
48

76
19
80
20
84
21
88
22
92
23
96
24
100
25
104
26
108
27
112
28
116
29
120
30
124
31
128
32
132
33
136
34
140
35
144
36
148
37
152
38
156
39
160
40
164
41
168
42

90
18
90
18
95
19
100
20
105
21
110
22
115
23
120
24
125
25
130
26
130
26
135
27
140
28
145
29
150
30
155
31
160
32
165
33
165
33

96
16
102
17
108
18
114
19
120
20
120
20
126
21
132
22
138
23
144
24
144
24
150
25
156
26
162
27
168
28

105
15
112
16
119
17
126
18
126
18
133
19
140
20
147
21
147
21
154
22
161
23
168
24

120
15
120
15
128
16
136
17
136
17
144
18
152
19
160
20
160
20
168
21

Rectangular Size, in.

Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height

*Shaded area not recommended.

37
37
38
38
40
40
42
42
44
44
46
46
48
48
49
49
51
51
53
53
55
55
57
57
59
59
60
60
62
62
64
64
66
66
68
68
70
70
71
71
73
73
75
75
77
77
79
79
80
80
82
82
84
84
86
86
88
88
90
90
91
91
93
93

41
33
43
34
45
36
48
38
49
39
51
41
54
43
55
44
58
46
60
48
61
49
64
51
65
52
68
54
70
56
71
57
74
59
76
61
78
62
80
64
83
66
84
67
86
69
88
70
90
72
93
74
94
75
96
77
99
79
100
80
103
82
105
84

45
30
48
32
50
33
53
35
54
36
57
38
59
39
62
41
63
42
66
44
68
45
71
47
72
48
75
50
77
51
80
53
81
54
84
56
86
57
89
59
90
60
93
62
95
63
98
65
99
66
102
68
104
69
107
71
108
72
111
74
113
75
116
77

49
28
51
29
54
31
56
32
60
34
61
35
63
36
67
38
68
39
70
40
74
42
75
43
79
45
81
46
82
47
86
49
88
50
91
52
93
53
95
54
98
56
100
57
103
59
105
60
107
61
110
63
112
64
116
66
117
67
119
68
123
70
124
71

52
26
56
28
58
29
60
30
62
31
66
33
68
34
70
35
74
37
76
38
78
39
82
41
84
42
86
43
90
45
92
46
94
47
98
49
100
50
102
51
104
52
108
54
110
55
112
56
116
58
118
59
120
60
124
62
126
63
128
64
132
66
134
67

56
25
59
26
61
27
65
29
68
30
70
31
72
32
77
34
79
35
81
36
83
37
88
39
90
40
92
41
95
42
99
44
101
45
104
46
106
47
110
49
113
50
115
51
117
52
119
53
124
55
126
56
128
57
131
58
135
60
137
61
140
62
142
63

60
24
63
25
65
26
68
27
70
28
75
30
78
31
80
32
83
33
85
34
90
36
93
37
95
38
98
39
100
40
105
42
108
43
110
44
113
45
115
46
118
47
123
49
125
50
128
51
130
52
133
53
138
55
140
56
143
57
145
58
148
59
153
61

63
23
66
24
69
25
72
26
74
27
77
28
83
30
85
31
88
32
91
33
94
34
96
35
99
36
105
38
107
39
110
40
113
41
116
42
118
43
121
44
124
45
129
47
132
48
135
49
138
50
140
51
143
52
146
53
151
55
154
56
157
57
160
58

66
22
69
23
72
24
75
25
78
26
81
27
84
28
90
30
93
31
96
32
99
33
102
34
105
35
108
36
111
37
114
38
117
39
123
41
126
42
129
43
132
44
135
45
138
46
141
47
144
48
147
49
150
50
153
51
159
53
162
54
165
55
168
56

32.12

1997 ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook

Table 2

Equivalent Rectangular Duct Dimension (Concluded)

Aspect Ratio

1.00

Duct
Diameter, in.

1.25

1.50

1.75

2.00

2.25

2.50

2.75

3.00

3.50

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

Rectangular Size, in.

104

Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height
Width
Height

106
108
110
112
114
116
118
120

95
95
97
97
99
99
101
101
102
102
104
104
106
106
108
108
110
110

106
85
109
87
110
88
113
90
115
92
116
93
119
95
121
97
123
98

117
78
120
80
122
81
125
83
126
84
129
86
131
87
134
89
135
90

128
73
130
74
131
75
135
77
137
78
140
80
142
81
144
82
147
84

136
68
140
70
142
71
144
72
146
73
150
75
152
76
154
77
158
79

146
65
149
66
151
67
153
68
158
70
160
71
162
72
164
73

155
62
158
63
160
64
163
65
165
66

162
59
165
60
168
61

*Shaded area not recommended.

Table 3

Equivalent Spiral Flat Oval Duct Dimensions

Minor Dimension (b), in.

Round
Duct
Diameter,
in.

5
5.5
6
6.5
7

8
9
11
12
15

7.5
8
8.5
9
9.5

19
22

10

11

12

14

16

Major Dimension (a), in.

10

46
50
58
65
71

34
38
43
48
52

28
31
34
37
42

23
27
28
31
34

21
24
25
29
30

21
23
26
27

77

57
63
70
76

45
50
56
59
65

38
41
45
49
52

33
36
38
41
46

29
32
34
37
40

26
29
31
34
36

72
78
81

58
61
67
71
77

49
54
57
60
66

43
46
49
53
56

69
76
79

59
65
68
71
78

7
9
10
12

8
10

19
20
21
22
23

13
15
18
20
21

11
13
14
18

11
12
14

10

12

10

24
25
26
27
28

19
21

15
17
19
20
23

13
15
16
18
20

11
13
14
16
17

12

14
15

12

13

12.5
13
13.5
14
14.5

25
28
30
33
36

21
23

19
21
22
24

17
18
20
22

15
16

18
19

14

16
17

14

15
17

15
16
17
18

39
45
52
59

27
30
35
39

23

21
24
27
30

19
22
24

18
20
21
25

10
10.5
11
11.5
12

Minor Dimension (b), in.

Round
Duct
Diameter,
in.

29
30
31
32
33

11

12

16

18

20

22

24

39
40
44
47
51

35
38
39
42
46

37
40
41

55
58
61
64
67

47
50
53
57
60

44
46
49
52
55

77

69
75
82

62
68
74

Major Dimension (a), in.

34
35
36
37
38
17
19
22

14

40
42
44
19

Dynamic losses occur along a duct length and cannot be separated from friction losses. For ease of calculation, dynamic
losses are assumed to be concentrated at a section (local) and to
exclude friction. Frictional losses must be considered only for
relatively long fittings. Generally, fitting friction losses are
accounted for by measuring duct lengths from the centerline of
one fitting to that of the next fitting. For fittings closely coupled
(less than six hydraulic diameters apart), the flow pattern entering subsequent fittings differs from the flow pattern used to
determine loss coefficients. Adequate data for these situations
are unavailable.

For all fittings, except junctions, calculate the total pressure loss
pj at a section by
p j = C o p v , o

(30)

where the subscript o is the cross section at which the velocity pressure is referenced. The dynamic loss is based on the actual velocity
in the duct, not the velocity in an equivalent noncircular duct. For the
cross section to reference a fitting loss coefficient, refer to Step 4 in
the section on HVAC Duct Design Procedures. Where necessary
(unequal area fittings), convert a loss coefficient from section o to