CHEMICAL KINETICS

1 1)
1

2)

cC +dD

~A+bJ3 ~

[PJd
k c- _ [cJc
.
~
P

ACC'~/1,~
--

[A]:' [e-J

Cl

CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM

fA

c/

f}

1) 1.000 mol of A is dissolved into 1.000 I of solution. The equilibrium

established. Calculate the concentrations
Answer: [A] = 0.56 M; [B] = 0.44 M
~

(J

~.

V~

~X

[8J
Kc :: -

J=- ID,44-

1-x
X

::

(AJ
..

B for which Kc = 0.80 is

of A and B at the equilibrium.

1- x

~.

[B

.s:,- B

x~ 08 - O.8x

.--:v

08

!X=-

y8

.z:

0-44

1/8

CAJ~ 1,..O,41~ o. 56/1

/Il

2) Calculate the concentrations at the equilibrium of A and B when 0.60 mol of A are dissolved into
11 of solution. For the equilibrium A B B, Kc= 0.80
Answer: [A] = 0.33 M; [B] = 0.27 M

feJ

0,6

I/;r.

~x

f""!

;;:::.B

k c" [BJ
[A-J

z:

_x_

z:

o. 8

O/o-x

x
x

o'G-X

Q 4J =:

./

x=o.48-08K

/\.:

o. 24-

'1,0A

3) 0,60 mol of Bare dissolved into 1 I of solution. Knowing that for the equilibrium
0.80, calculate the concentrations of A and B at the equilibrium.

Answer: [A] = 0.33 M; [B] = 0.27 M

.4~

f;.

o.,"
,l::)

~.
~r

<x
rJG -x

Il

kc= LBJ

[*J
0.6 -

x::

0.6- x

z:

0.8

08>(

--f)

x= 0.6 _ 0.:;3
1,0

--

B, Kc =

-4

4) Calculate the constant Kc for the equilibrio A

the equilibrium are [A] 0.33 M and [B] 0.27 M.
Answer: 1.22

knowing that the concentrations

of A and B at

()--t:)/J

O~

5) 0.80 mol of A react with 0.80 mol of B and 0.80 mol of C in 0.900 I of solution. The equilibrium A
+ B + C e D + 2E. Calculate the concentration of ali species at the equilibrium knowing that Kc =
0.95.
Answer: [A] [B] [C] = 0.55 M; [D] = 0.34 M; [E] = 0.68 M

A-+g+c~
fp-1'

0.85

a 89 0,83

Vdf

-j.

-x

4;< 3'
n
;;;{~p
(O~89rj)3

Q('

/)

..-:v

---

X O - ~.A
=

::

, (.J.$-A)'
C

O,v'
Q

=o

.X f2x )~ x: (O, es

[lt-J [eJ [cJ (0.69 "/~)3 ,

-'.-

_'_

.~-, - ,61;(

LI

l=- LDJ[EL

'-9 .

rfr}-[BJ;fcJ=_OB;:- 0.69

./

-)<

i,

P-f2E

Q9S =0-239-5

,',[

5S1 O
x= O;/613=\

tJA
.vT-(

..

I
'I

'O,89-x
rt r.
t: 1 An
;-LbJ
Ll?J~v,Jt2:0'63M

'

,~,
"

l' i

r '\

r;) 1

r.' '

L+J=lBj::-LC];:.-o'SSI1

6) A solution contains A with concentration 2.80*10.2 M and B with concentration 1.20*10.2 M.

Knowing that for the equilibrium 2A ~ B + C Kc = 1.00*10.2, calculate the concentrations of A, B
and C at the equilibrium.
Answer: [A] = 2.69*10.2 M; [B) = 1.26*10.2 M; [C] = 5.73*10.4 M

2A

-L-

am8

B
C.OI2

V.f.

--2x

~.

0,62f) 2x

0',0 12+ X

~.

,(

O,Of2x -I- X 1..::::

o.01

O.O/2x+X'L=O,Oi

(00l8- 2y~t'

'J

x= [CJ;:; S/J-j ~10-6 f1

CB]:=: 1,26 ' 10-!-

x-.::-b

-~{hr'l.-4?c
2.8-

fA-J,:- 2. ce '1o-L

(o 028 -ex

f)

f1

7) 8.00*10.2 mol of A react with an unknown number of moles of B, in a volume of 0.500 I of

solution. A and B react producing C following the equilibrium A + B B 2e. At the equilibrium
1.05*10.1 mol of Care presento Calculate how many moles of B have been employed, knowing that
for the equilibrium Kc = 1.18.
Answer: 3.92*10.1 mol

A + B
Eo-y.

1/,6,10"

Vf:r,

-x

f1,

,~;:.. ~l

'"/''0' IO

--"'
""!--

?r
~"---

{Bl
_ ..lb
r-

"

~x

."..

I.
(
1. os 'fO'
-:02./ 11 z: 2x

i.-~

x: 0.105

rl-

v.~

4 ' o. IOS 'L...__ ..--.-- .,

?l

[8t<

"

-B,&.,

le \

2/

" y'

r-

(1.Glo'-O iO~(tgjb-

.<_

o. ros)

or'j

O, C44t:;: Q fh43

fB J O. 0.5031

[el - O.lf@68/

t:

~0.1B4!v1 3

O/XA9
8) Suppose
temperature
equilibrium
Calculate Kc
Answer: Kc

to introduce 0.500 mol of PCls in a container with a volume of 1 l, kept at a

of 540.0 K. In the container the reaction PCls B PCI3 + Cb occurs. When the
is reached, 0.342 mol of PCls, 0.158 mol of PCI3 and_0.158 mol of Cb are presento
and Kp for the given equilibrium.
7.3*10'2; Kp 3.23

DI(

PC~

l-"3

Ke:: C rC(J ( aJ

~0, (580. 1)8=-1.3 ,101.

[PC l{ J
(j, 34

PfC1s

o. '3CJt
2.. o. Q::1CC1-, 540:: /5. IG f VII

=._---'--:;'----

. O.Ist'
P fC/J - ---.--.D

~.;

o:p;zC1tf:i7? t Cb
t:

IV\:-

Pa}..

,1...

PPCl3 ! Gh;;- \, I.CP)

O
I~.re.

s:

3.23

i frl~
9) When the equilibrium is established, at a temperature of 1385 K, a mixture of CO2, H20, H2 and
CO has the following percent composition in volume: CO2 10.0%, H20 20.0 %, H2 45.0% and CO
25.0%. Calculate Kc and Kp for the equilibrium CO2 + H2 B CO + H20
Answer: Kc = Kp = 1.11

[co] [rt~OJz:
[CqJ
I.

p --

I.

if.c

/ ijr
(1(,.//

OtJ

O,2S

-o. 'L

~ 1//1

o.4~'~.I

l!.in

(o

controlled at 540.0 K, 8.50*10.2 mol of

10) In a reactor, with a volume of 0.500 I and temperature

PCls are introduced. The equilibrium PCls e PCI3 + Cb is established. At the given temperature,
reactants and products are in the gaseous phase. When the equilibrium is reached, pressure inside
the reactor is 11.10 atm. Calculate Kp for the decomposition of PCls.
_ 85", (cf1. QQ?lCJ$"'1-'

Asnwer: 3.22

PCL3

fC{"'~

9;533

IX.~Il,

t1.
Kp: ~

.s:

('3.901)

c.

7rSr?-j

'l. z:

fo-

9-, '5'33;- '3, 5"6-1- ~1U1

3. Z I

!f: 533- j, S'G+

11) In a reactor, where HI in the gaseous phase has been introduced at a pressure of 8.2 atrn, the
equilibrium of decomposition 2HI e H2 + lz is established. At the temperature of the reaction Kp =
2.04*10.2. Calculate the partial pressures of ali species at the equilibrium.
Answer: PHI= 6.4 atm; PH2= Pl2 = 0.91 atm

2 H/

&:,

.....-->
4--

?,Z

;.l'

-'2P<

~r
r=

;(

8.'2-2y.

t(.

f1t/

8,2- 2'r29/= 6,38 ~

12) In a reactor CO2 at a pressure of 0,70 atm is introduced. In the presence of H2 the equilibrium
(02 + H2 e CO + H20 is established. Calculate the partial pressure of H2 at the beginning of the

eo

reaction SO as the partial pressure of

at the equilibrium
temperature of 1998 K and in these conditions Kp = 4.40.
Answer: 1.42 atm

~,

~,

t7

CD2- + Hz
0,9p/
-x

-,><

OJ}-x

p-x

~
6--

Co + fizo

.X

c9tY'lA

P::: p t n + ~ t: 65'35 -x) + x ,-{-x,' .=-Iu o

I rr~ I R:ia ,a"

o, 5

FFt~ ~. -

C{?.

Si'? =7.533

is 0.60 atm. The experience occurs at a

kp-;:

Eeo RftO s:
~ peq, (o,7-x)~;-9
>( 't

4.40

-J)

p;

z:

o.3G-t-(!h4;
()~~

1.42 ~~