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PRAS FIZIK (6 MEI 2012)

AHAD 9 PG 12 TGHR
9) Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show light rays travel from glass to air. The incidence rays
traveled into the glass are at different angle. The critical angle of the glass is 420.

(a) (i) What is meant by critical angle? [ 1 mark ]


(ii) Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the size of the incident angles and the
effect of these incident angles towards the propagation of light rays produced. Relate the size of
the angle with the critical angle to make a deduction regarding the relationship to deduce a
relevant physics concept.
[5 marks ]
(b) It is known that the sky is red during sunset and the formation of rainbow on the sky always
appeared after raining. Explain these phenomena.
[4 marks ]
(c) You are given two type of glass with different refractive index . Both glasses are used to build
an optical fiber. The structure of this optical fiber is shown on Diagram 9.2.

Diagram 9.2
(i) By combining the two types of glasses, explain how you are going to build the optical fiber in
telecommunication and describe the working principle of the optical fiber.
[6 marks]
(ii) Suggest modification that needs to be done so that your optical fiber can be use in an
endoscope for medical imaging. Your modification should base on the features of the optical
fiber and the flexibility of the fiber optic.
[4 marks]
10. Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 show the initial and the final position of a copper rod due
to the formation of a catapult field that produce a force.

(a) What is meant by catapult field?


[ 1 mark]
(b)Using Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2, compare the angle of deflection of the ammeter
[3 marks]
(c)State the relationship between the strength of the force exerted on the copper rods and
(i) the moving distance of the copper rods,
(ii) the size of electric current,
[2 marks]
(d) Diagram 10.3 shows two thin copper strips, WX and YZ, connected to a circuit.

Explain what happens to copper strip WX and YZ when the switch is closed.
[4 marks]
(e) Diagram 10.4 shows a moving coil ammeter. Explain how you would design a moving coil
ammeter that can function better. In your explanation, emphasize the following aspects:

(i) the sensitivity of the ammeter,

(ii) the shape of the permanent magnet,,


(iii) the shape of the core,
(iv) the type of the core material,
(v) the type of the ammeter scale.

[ 10 marks]

11 Diagram1 1.1 shows two archers shooting a target using the different bows, but with
Same initial length of elastic cords. The pulling force, F acting on the elastic cords is
identical.

(a) What is meant by elasticity?


[1mark]
(b) (i) Using the concept of elasticity identify the similarities and differences between the two
situations
[4 marks]
(ii) sketch on the same graph of force against extension for the two elastic
cords A and B.
[1 mark]
(c) Diagram 11.3 shows a catapult used to project an object. Force F pulls back the
object, creating tension in the rubber cords.-

The tension force in each rubber cord is 20 N and the two cords are at 600 to each other as
shown in Diagram 1 1.4. Determine the magnitude and direction of the resultant force of these
tension forces using parallelogram of forces method.
[Use the scale 1 cm : 2.5 N]
[4 marks]
(d) Table 11 shows four arm exercise equipments P, Q, R and S, with different
specifications. You are asked to investigate the characteristic of the arm exercise equipment
as shown in Table 11. Explain the suitability of each feature of the arm exercise equipment in
Table 11 . Determine the most suitable arm exercise equipment to be used.
Give reasons for your choice.
[10 marks]

11 Diagram 11.1 shows the air balloon which is used as a weather balloon to carry
a radiosonde instrument for collecting data about the atmosphere. The weather
balloon rises up in the air due to Archimedes principal

Ballon

String
radiosonde
instrument
(a) (i) State Archimedes principle.
[1 mark]
(ii) Explain why a weather balloon that is rising up in the air will stop at certain
altitude.
[4 marks]
(b) Table 11.2 shows the characteristics of four weather balloons, P, Q, R and S.
Ballons
Size of ballon

Characteristics of ballon
Density of filled Type of the
gas in the ballon fabric of the

Mass of
radiosonde

P
Q
R
S

Big
Small
Big
Medium

kgcm-3
0.090
0.178
0.178
1.429

ballon
Canvas
Synthetic
Synthetic
Canvas

instrument/kg
4.5
3.0
0.5
0.4

You are required to determine the most suitable weather balloons which is able to
carry the instrument to a higher altitude in a shorter time.
Study the characteristics of all the four weather balloons from the following
aspects:
- The size of the balloon
- The density of filled gas in the ballon
- Type of the fabric of the balloon
- Mass of radiosonde instrument
Explain the suitability of the aspects.
Justify your choice.
[10 marks]
(c) Diagram 11.3 shows a balloon which contains helium. The volume of the balloon
is 1.2 m3. Density of helium gas is 0.18 kg m-3.

DIAGRAM 11.3
(i) By neglecting the mass of the balloon, calculate the mass of helium gas in
the balloon.
(ii) Calculate the bouyant force which acts on the balloon.
(Density of air is 1.3 kg m-3)

[2 marks]

2 Diagram 2 shows a bag of cement of mass 35 kg on a ramp with 15o slope to horizontal.
Frictional force exerted between the bag and the ramp is 90.6 N.
(b) Calculate the resultant force parallel to the ramp.

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