D-108.

PRO

PITTSBURG POWER PLANT

OPERATING PROCEDURE NO. D-108
OPERATION FOR VOLTAGE CORRECTION - UNIT NO. 7
AND GENERATOR LIMITS

GENERAL

The purpose of voltage correction is to maintain transmission system voltage at optimum economic
operating levels and to provide a coordinated system wide voltage control plan. Each Division is
responsible for their function in controlling transmission system voltage under the direction of the
System Dispatcher.

All units at Pittsburg are used for voltage correction. This entails the operation of generators at leading
as well as lagging power factor. There is a published voltage schedule for the 230 KV bus that must be
followed. At times it may be amended by direct communication from the System Dispatcher or the
Transmission Operator at Pittsburg. It is the responsibility of the Control operator to maintain this
schedule on the 230 KV bus. The Voltage Control Center (Transmission Operator) will normally handle
all voltage communications.

Leading power factor is the result of “under exciting” the generator field to “buck” system voltage and to
take reactive power (Vars) into the generator.

NOTE: A generator should not be operated in an under excited condition unless the voltage regulator is
in service.

Lagging power factor is the result of “over exciting” the generator field to “boost” system
voltage and to put reactive power (Vars) out into the system.

OPERATION

*The Transmission Operator will communicate with the 1-4 Unit Control Operator who will inform the
5-6-7 Unit Control Operator’s of voltage orders.

1. Normally, generator stator voltages will be limited to no higher

than 106 percent of the rated voltage. During system emergencies
and/or during peak loading periods, generator stator voltages may
be increased to 108% of rated voltage. This will be done only on
the specific instructions of the Voltage Control Center when all
normal means of maintaining voltage schedules have been
utilized. Operations at 108% is permissible only when no other
operating limit is exceeded. Voltage schedules at the 230 KV per
hour.
2. The generators will be operated within their capability curves at
all times. Figure 1 shows the capability curve for this generator.
The curve is drawn so as to limit the hot spot temperatures in the
stator and rotor windings, and in the stator core, to practical
operating values, and to limit the temperature differential across
the insulation of the windings.

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 D-108.PRO

Operation in the range between zero PF over excited and rated PF

is limited by rotor winding temperature. This curve gives
operation with the field amperes constant at the nameplate value
corresponding to the gas pressure under consideration.
The region between rated PF (over excited) and 100 PF is limited
by stator winding temperature. Operation on this portion of the
curve corresponds to constant stator amperes. In this region, the
field current will vary with load and power factor but will always
be less than the maximum allowable value.
Operation under excited at any power factor will result in the
stator core temperature being the limiting factor.
3. The generator will be operated within the following electrical and
temperature limits:
*(a) Emergency maximum terminal voltage - 8 percent above
normal voltage - 21,600 volts.
*(b) Normal maximum terminal voltage - 6% above normal
voltage - 21,200 volts.
(c) Minimum terminal voltage - 5 percent below normal
voltage - 19,000 volts.
(d) Maximum cold gas at 75 psig Hz pressure - 46C or
114.8F.
(e) Maximum warm gas temperature not to exceed cold gas
by more than 64C or 147.2F, i.e., 114.8 + 147.2 = 262F.
(f) Maximum H2 cooling water inlet temperature 105F.
4. If operation at the requested 230 KV voltage is not possible due to
one or more of the above limits, notify the Shift Foreman and
Transmission Operator of the specific limiting factor and record
same in Control Operator’s Log Book.

NOTE: To have leading power factor (Vars in) on one unit while holding lagging power factor
(Vars out) on other units causes a recirculation of reactive power between the units,
decreasing the voltage correction availability of the station. Incoming vars should be
distributed equally between units as far as possible without exceeding any generator limits.

*5. Under abnormal or emergency conditions, the System Dispatcher

may request the voltage controlling station to deviate from the
scheduled voltage. Such requests will be based upon the voltage
schedule in effect and shall be for a specific, limited period of
time (i.e., “Hold 2 KV higher than schedule until 1800 today”).

*Revised and Added

GTStricklin:jrm
3-5-82 Rev. 1

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