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No return,
Purge
Manometers
Pitots Tube
CCV Valve
CV
Theoretical Basis:
Bernoullis Equation:
Considering the flow in two different sections of a pipe, and applying the law of
conservation of energy, Bernoullis equation can be written as
(1)
Where in this equipment,
That is, we want to demonstrate with these practices that in the given pipe with two
sections, 1 and 2, the energy between the sections is constant. The sum of the three previous
terms is constant and so, Bernoullis theorem can be shown as:
In the above analysis the viscous effects neglected. If viscous effects are important the
velocity of the particles decrease and the energy of the system is converted into heat, an
additional head loss term due to friction has to be added to the RHS of (1) as shown below.
We consider that
sections, so
where
With this, the modified equation, known as the Steady flow energy equation is
Flow
rate(Q),
Secti
on
Area
(A),
Velocity
(V=Q/A),
Dynamic
pressure
head
Static pr
head (hs)
of
water
m of water
Total Head
(V2/2g +
hs),m
The values of the area at different sections are given in the table below.
Section
Area(
2.1723
0.7934
0.8429
1.3729
1.4034
2.6557
3.7168