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Experimental Procedure

To conduct this experiment the equipment listed below were used:


1. TSI VelociCalc: used to measure velocity and temperature and calculate flow.
2. Tequipment for the load cell.
3. Subsonic Wind Tunnel
To begin the experiment an error measurement was performed for each range, with only
the support for the samples inside the wind tunnel. Then for each proof body was held the
following:

1. Engagement of the proof body to the support;


2. Wind Tunnel closure;
3. Turning on the wind tunnel controlling the speed through the TSI
VelociCalc.
4. Reading achievement of voltmeter, connected to the proof body by a
load cell which transmits and converts the data by Tequipment;
5. Annotation of data;
6. Carrying out the procedures 3-5 again;
7. Repetition of the entire procedure for each proof body.
With the obtained data calculations were performed to obtain the friction
coefficient and Reynolds number, comparing them graphically.

Raw Data
Table 1 contains the dimensions of the proof bodies tested in the wind tunnel.
Table 1 Dimensions of the tested bodies.

Proof
Body
Dimension
s [cm]
Dimension
s [m]
Area [m2]

Teardrop

Flat

Plunger

Sphere

Mushroom

5.00

7.50

7.50

7.00

7.50

0.050

0.075

0.075

0.070

0.075

1.9635*10-3

4.4179*10-3

4.4179*10-3

3.8485*10-3

4.4179*10-3

Table 2 shows the strength values obtained in the wind tunnel unpatched.
Table 2 Measure strength in the wind tunnel.

Speed
[m/s]

Fixture
[lbf]

5.13
10.80
17.20
23.10

0.0040
0.0340
0.0850
0.1590

Force Through the Proof Bodies [lbf]


Mushroo
Teardrop
Flat
Plunger
Sphere
m
0.0040
0.2400
0.0240
0.0110
0.0130
0.0375
0.1020
0.1110
0.0570
0.0610
0.0895
0.2450
0.2560
0.1400
0.1400
0.1660
0.4350
0.4700
0.2660
0.2550

Table 3 shows the strength values corrected.


Table 3 Corrected strength measures.

Force Through the Bodies [lbf]

Speed
[m/s]

Teardrop

Flat

Plunger

Sphere

5.13
10.80
17.20
23.10

0
0.0035
0.0045
0.0070

0.2360
0.0680
0.1600
0.2760

0.0200
0.0770
0.1710
0.3110

0.0070
0.0230
0.0550
0.1070

Mushroo
m
0.0090
0.0270
0.0550
0.0960

Table 4 contains the strength values corrected and converted to the


international system.
Table 4 Corrected and converted strength measures.

Force Through the Bodies [N]

Speed
[m/s]

Teardrop

Flat

Plunger

Sphere

5.13
10.80
17.20
23.10

0
0.0156
0.0200
0.0311

0.0498
0.3025
0.7117
1.2277

0.0890
0.3425
0.7607
1.3834

0.0311
0.1023
0.2447
0.4761

Mushroo
m
0.0400
0.1201
0.2447
0.4270

Calculations and Results


Based on the background presented earlier in this paper and using the
standard conditions one can calculate the drag coefficient (C D ) .

CD=

FD
1
2
U A
2

Using this equation with

=1.205 kg / m3 one get the results presented in Table 5:

Table 5 Drag Coefficients.

Drag Coefficient

(C D )

Speed
[m/s]

Teardrop

Flat

Plunger

Sphere

5.13
10.80
17.20
23.10

0
0.113055
0.057146
0.049266

0.710922
0.974327
0.903789
0.864361

1.270522
1.103164
0.966014
0.973982

0.509656
0.378251
0.356721
0.384792

Mushroo
m
0.571021
0.386832
0.310745
0.300629

Now one can calculate the Reynolds coefficient ( )

for each body and

velocity:

Ud

Using this equation with

=1.205 kg /m3

=1.820105 N . s/m2

one get the

results presented in Table 6:


Table 6 Reynolds Number.

Reynolds Number

()

Speed
[m/s]

Teardrop

Flat

Plunger

Sphere

5.13
10.80
17.20

16982.55
35752.75
56939.56

23.10

76471.15

25473.83
53629.12
85409.34
114706.7
3

25473.83
53629.12
85409.34
114706.7
3

23775.58
50053.85
79715.38
107059.6
2

Mushroo
m
25473.83
53629.12
85409.34
114706.7
3

With the results in Tables 5 and 6, one can now plot the graphs

for each body. Figure 1 shows the graph of the Teardrop.

CD

versus

Teardrop
1.4
1.2
1
0.8

0.6
0.4
0.2
0
10000

30000

50000

70000

90000

110000

Re

Figure 1 Drag Coefficient versus Reynolds Number of the Teardrop.

Figure 2 shows the graph of the Flat.

130000

Flat
1.4
1.2
1
0.8

CD

0.6
0.4
0.2
0
10000

30000

50000

70000

90000

110000

Re

Figure 2 Drag Coefficient versus Reynolds Number of the Flat.

Figure 3 shows the graph of the Plumber.

130000

Plunger
1.4
1.2
1
0.8

CD

0.6
0.4
0.2
0
10000

30000

50000

70000

90000

110000

Re

Figure 3 Drag Coefficient versus Reynolds Number of the Plunger.

Figure 4 shows the graph of the Sphere.

130000

Sphere
1.4
1.2
1
0.8

CD

0.6
0.4
0.2
0
10000

30000

50000

70000

90000

110000

Re

Figure 4 Drag Coefficient versus Reynolds Number of the Sphere.

Figure 5 shows the graph of the Mushroom.

130000

Mushroom
1.4
1.2
1
0.8

CD

0.6
0.4
0.2
0
10000

30000

50000

70000

90000

110000

Re

Figure 5 Drag Coefficient versus Reynolds Number of the Mushroom.

Figure 6 shows the comparison between the proof bodies.

130000

Comparison Chart
1.4

1.2

1
Teardrop

0.8

Flat
Plunger

CD

Sphere

0.6

Mushroom
0.4

0.2

0
10000

30000

50000

70000

90000

110000

130000

Re

Figure 6 Comparison between the Drag Coefficient versus Reynolds Number of all proof bodies.

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