PHARMACOGNOSY AND PLANT CHEMISTRY

1. A glucosan yield units on hydrolysis. While inulin is a ______

A. Fructosan
B. Hexosan
C. Pentosan
D. Diosan
E. All of these
Inulin is a D-fructofuranose polymer whose residues are linked by
-2,1 bonds
2. The usual source of tannins from plants is from the:
A. Barks/Stems
B. Seeds
C. Roots
D. Rhizomes
E. All of these
Tannins are usually localized in specific plant parts such as leaves,
fruits, barks and stems.
3. Ethanol and citric acid are produced by the cellular respiration of
carbohydrates, especially
A. Glucose
B. Sucrose
C. Fructose
D. Cathartic
E. Lactose
Glucoes is the major fuel in glycolysis, Krebs cycle and other
important biochemical pathways.
4. Because mannitol is absorobed from the GIT and parenterally is not
metabolized, then it is used as:
A. Digestant
B. Osmotic Diuretic
C. Acidulant
D. Cathartic
E. Laxative
Aside from these properties, mannitol is also eliminated readily by
gromerular filtration. These have led to the use of mannitol as a
diagnostic aid and as an osmotic diuretic.
5. This gum has pseudo-plastic property to enable ointments to hold their
shape and spread readily.
A. Karaya
B. Xanthan
C. Guar
D. Locust Bean
E. Indian Gum

6. The following are general steps in the preparation of the crude drug for
commercial market, except:
A. Harvesting
B. Garbling
C. Storage and Drying
D. None of the above
The general steps in the preparation of crude drugs include:
collection, harvesting, drying, garbling, packaging, storage and
preservation.
7. The usual source of fixed oils:
A. Flower
B. Seeds
C. Leaves
D. Stems
E. Roots/Rhizomes
8. This is used as an antidote for alkaloidal poisoning:
A. Lactic Acid
B. Tannic Acid
C. Tartaric Acid
D. Picric Acid
E. Gallic Acid
Tannic Acid is an astringent and an alkaloidal precipitant
9. The most important of the opium alkaloids is:
A. Heroin
B. Codeine
C. Morphine
D. Narcotine
E. Papaverine
10. The red-colored product formed when tannins are treated with hydrolytic
agents is known as:
A. Amolonin
B. Diosgenin
C. Phlobaphenes
D. Catechin
E. Leucocyanidin
When non-hydrolyzable or condensed
11. The most widely used alkaloid is:
A. Heroin
B. Codeine
C. Morphine
D. Narcotine
E. Papaverine

12. Tannins have the ability to precipitate _______ which is utilized in

vegetable tanning which converts animal hides to leather.
A. Fats
B. Carbohydrates
C. Alkaloids
D. Proteins
E. Glycosides
Tannins precipitate proteins from solutions and can combine with
proteins, rendering them resistant to proteolytic enzymes.
13. Among the anthraquinone glycosides, this is not employed as cathartic
because it is too irritating to use:
A. Aloe
B. Frangula
C. Rhuburb
D. Senna
E. Chrysarobin
Tannins precipitate proteins from solutions and can combine with
proteins, rendering them resistant to proteolytic enzyme.
13. Among the anthraquinone glycosides, this is not employed as cathartic
because it is too irritating to use:
A. Aloe
B. Frangula
C. Rhubarb
D. Senna
E. Chrysarobin
Chrysarobin is used as keratolytic agent and in the treatment of
psoriasis, trichophytosis, and chronic eczema.
14. Ethiodized oil is an iodine addition product of ethyl ester of the fatty acid
of:
A. Corn
B. Peanut
C. Almond
D. Soybean
E. Poppy Seed
15. The alkaloid present in Rauwolfia is:
A. Emetine
B. Reserpine
C. Physostigmine
D. Morphine
E. Scopolamine
Rauwolfia is the dried root of Rauvolfia serpentina (Linne)
Bentham ex Kurz (Fam. Apocynaceae)

16. The alkaloid formed by the acetylation of morphine is:

A. Heroin
B. Codeine
C. Morphine
D. Cocaine
E. Papaverine
Heroin is diacetylmorphine
17. One of the following does not belong to the group; the volatile oils present
in Vicks vaporub:
A. Menthol
B. Camphor
C. Thymol
D. Eugenol
E. Cineole
Menthol, camphor, thymol, and cineole or eucalyptol are all
contained in the non-prescription product, Vicks vaporub. Eugenol is
a dental analgesic.
18. This alkaloid is employed in ophthalmology to treat glaucoma:
A. Eserine
B. Reserpine
C. Emetine
D. Morphine
E. Strychnine
Physostigmine or serine is a reversible inhibitor of cholinesterases
. In the eye, this action leads to miosis, contraction of cilillary muscle
and a decrease in intraocular pressure. It is therefore used to treat
glaucoma.
19. One of the following is not a medicinal balsam:
A. Storax
B. Benzoin
C. Styrax
D. Tolu
E. Methyl Salicilate
Storax, Benzoin, Aloe, Styrax (greek name for storax), and Tolu are
used in the preparation of Compound Benzoin Tincture.
20. If Indian Hemp is cannabis,; then black Indian hemp is:
A. Convallaria
B. Podophyllum
C. Benzoin
D. Apocynum
E. Red Squill
Apocynum is also black Indian hemp, dogbane , or Canadian hemp.
Ref.

21. The alkaloid in the form of syrup is used in the treatment of drug
overdose in certain poisonings
A. Hydrates
B. Ipecac
C. Quinine
D. Ergotamine
E. Morphine
22. The product formed by the action of nitric acid on rectified turpentine oil
in the present of alcohol is:
A. Cineole
B. Eugenol
C. Terpinol
D. Bornoel
E. Linalool
Terpinol is also known as terpin hydrate.
23. The principal cinchona alkaloid employed therapeutically as anti-protozal
drug
A. Quinine
B. Chloroquine
C. Quinacrine
D. Quinidine
E. Eserine Salicylate
Quinine is an atimamarial drug used against Plasmodium species.
24. The main therapeutic use of methoxsalen, a lactone glycoside:
A. Anti-coagulant
B. Aphrodisiac
C. Anthelmintic
D. Repigmentation
Methoxsalen is a psoralen used to facilitate repigmentation in
idiopathic vitiligo and psoriasis.
25. Sodium morrhuate is the sodium salt of the fatty acid of:
A. Shark
B. Whale
C. Cow
D. Pig
E. Cod
Cod liver oil iss from the fresh liver of Gadus morrhua Linne (Fam.
Gadidae)
26. Paregoric is also known as:
A. opium tincture
B. dovers powder
C. camphorated opium tincture

D. Laudanum
E. None of these
Paregoric is classed as antiperistallic.
27. Menthol is the active constituent present in:
A. Cinnamon
B. Coriander
C. Peppermint
D. Citronella
E. Spearmint
Menthol is usually prepared from Japanese peppermint (Mentha
arvenis Linne).
28. Lemon oil that has a ___ odor must not be used or dispensed:
A. Rancid
B. Resinified
C. Calcified
D. Terebinthinate
E. Foul
Lemon oil that has a terebinthinate odor indicates decomposed
terpenes or added turpentine oil.
29. These are lipids metabolites formed in the body of animalsfrom
unsaturated fatty acids of the diet:
A. Carnauba
B. Bayberry
C. Copaiba Balsam
D. Prostaglandin
E. Lanolin
30. Mercuric Iodide, Potassium Iodide and water are the composition of:
A. Mayers Reagent
B. Dragendorffs Reagent
C. Wagners Reagent
D. All of these
E. Non of these
31. Classified as an alcohol glycoside:
A. Salicin
B. Gentisin
C. Cantharidin
D. Entadin
32. These are the antigenic substances capable of sensitizing the body in
such a way that unusual responses occur in hypertensive individuals:
A. Antibodies
B. Allergens
C. Allergy

D. All of these
E. None of these
33. This test is use to determine the presence of protein and involve the
reaction of the benzene nucleus in the protein molecules yielding a deep
yellow ppt as a positive result.
A. Biuret Test
B. Ninhydrin Test
C. Xanthroproteic Test
D. Millons Test
E. None of these
Xanthroproteic Test for tyrosine and phenylaniline involves the
reaction of the benzene nucleus of thiese aromatic amino acids.
34. This is a solid vegetable oil
A. Coconut Oil
B. Peanut Oil
C. Theobroma
D. Cod Liver Oil
E. Almond Oil
Theobroma oil or cocoa butter is the fat obtained from the roasted
seeds of Theobroma cacao.
35. The coloring matter in plants
A. Flavones
B. Anthraquinones
C. Apigenin
D. Plant Pigments
E. None of these
Examples of plant pigments are: chlorophylls (green); carotenoid,
flavones, and anthones (yellow); anthocyanin (red); anthocyan
derivatives (blue); and fucoxanthin (brown).
36. It is a liquid animal fat
A. Coconut Oil
B. Peanut Oil
C. Theobroma
D. Cod Liver Oil
E. Almond Oil
Cod liver oil is from the fresh liver of Gadus morrhua Linne
37. Blue-black color may indicate the presence of
A. Condensed tannins
B. Hydrolysable tannins
C. Saponin
D. All of these
E. None of these

38. The pathologic product of sperm whale is

A. Copaiba
B. Ambergris
C. Bayberry
D. Carnauba
E. Teaberry
Ambergris is an example of a base used in perfumery.
39. The terpenes found in volatile oils, as well as other plant products, like
steroids, carotenoids, amyrins and rubber are collectively known as:
A. Isoprenoids
B. Unoxygenated Terpenes
C. Sesquiterpene
D. All of these
E. None of these
40. This refers to the evaluation by means of the organs of sense includes
macroscopic appearance of drugs
A. Microscopic
B. Organoleptic
C. Macroscopic
D. All of these
E. None of these
41. The process of removing sufficient moisture to ensure good keeping
qualities:
A. Harvesting
B. Drying
C. Collection
D. Garbling
E. None of these
Drying is also done to prevent molding the action of enzymes, the
action of bacteria and other chemical changes.
42. Source of arbutin, a phenol containing glycoside:
A. Buckwheat
B. Checkerberry
C. Bear Berry
D. Dragonfruit
Arbutin is found in uva-ursi or bearberry, which is the dried leaf of
Arctostophylos uva-ursi (Linne) Sprengel.
43. The most widely occurring sterol
A. Sitosterol
B. Cholesterol
C. Ergosterol
D. All of these

E. None of these
44. The principal sterol in fungi
A. Cholesterol
B. Ergosterol
C. B-sitosterol
D. All of these
E. None of these
45. In the enfleurage method, the fatty product impregnated with the floral
odor is called:
A. Absolutes
B. Terpenes
C. Concretes
D. Pormade
46. Limonene has the configuration:
A. three double bonds and no cycle
B. two double bonds and one cycle
C. one double bond and two cycles
D. three cycles
47. Ascaridol, a volatile oil constituent obtained from the chenopodium oil is
a/an:
A. Oxide
B. Furan Derivative
C. Alcohol
D. Phenol
48. In general, alkaloids may be identified by:
A. Specific Rotation
B. Solubility in Various Solvents
C. Color reaction with specified reagents
D. All of the above
49. This does not posses narcotic properties and is therefore sometimes
called anarcotine
A. Noscapine
B. Hydrocodone
C. Papaverine HCl
D. Hydromorphone
E. None of these
50. It is a uterine simulating fraction and it is relatively free from action on
other smooth muscle
A. Iiotrix
B. Oxytocin

C. Sodium Dextrothyroxine
D. Vasopressin
E. None of these
Oxytocin or hypophamine
51. This regulates the threshold for resorption of water by the epithelium of
the renal tubules
A. Liotrix
B. Oxytocin
C. Sodium Dextrothyroxine
D. Vasopressin
E. None of these
52. These are resinous mixtures that contain cinnamic acid, benzoic acid, or
both or esters of these acids:
A. Balsams
B. Resins
C. None of these
D. Rosins
E. Resenes
53. A mixture of protein-digesting and milk clotting enzymes obtained from
the juice of pineapple plant
A. Chymotrypsin
B. Bromeilain
C. Lactase
D. Sutilains
E. None of these
54. The blue color of the oil of chamomile, an inherent property of the oil
when freshly distilled, is due to:
A. Chamazulene
B. C15H18
C. A and B
D. None of the above
55. The following employs expressions as a method of volatile oil extraction
except:
A. Sponge Process
B. Ecuelle Method
C. Machine process
D. Enfleurage
56. In percolation, with volatile solvents as a method of volatile oil extraction,
the volatile solvent is removed by vacuum distillation and the resulting
product is known as:
A. Absolutes

B. Terpenes
C. Concretes
D. Pomade