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After reviewing your classmates drawings, were there computer devices that you could
have included on your diagram? If so, which ones and why?
* I PC1 because another pc already taken
2. After reviewing your classmates drawings, how were some of the model designs the
same or different? What modifications would you make to your drawing after reviewing
the other drawings?
**
Adfr
Different models of his designs . I do not add anything to the model of my designs
3. In what way could icons on a network drawing provide a streamlined thought process
and facilitate
your learning? Explain your answer.
*I think the icons on the Cisco packet tracer has been very helpful in learning computer
network
Part Three
6. How is the traceroute different when going to www.cisco.com from the command
prompt (see Part 1) rather than from the online website? (Your results may vary
depending upon where you are located geographically, and which ISP is providing
connectivity to your school.)
The tracert command prompt is different than the online website because with the
prompt, it used pings from my service provider to get to cisco.com while the online
website took a different route to the cisco website.
7. Compare the tracert from Part 1 that goes to Africa with the tracert that goes to
Africa from the web interface. What difference do you notice?
It took a couple more pings in the command than the online website for it to get to the
website in Africa. Im assuming the reason it pings faster to Africa using the online
website because the command prompt will have to connect to the internet while youre
already on the internet using the online website creating a shorter distance to ping.
8. Some of the traceroutes have the abbreviation asymm in them. Any guesses as to
what this means? What is its significance?
means the the path to the hop and back have been different (asymmetric). This usually
happens when there is some link in one direction jammed or the network architecture
encourages different paths for the different directions.
Part Four
Step 1: List the path to www.cisco.com using tracert.
1
1 ms
1 ms
<1 ms 192.168.0.1
14 ms
41 ms
47 ms
41 ms rc3ar-tge0-6-0-17.ed.shawcable.net [66.163.76.198]
43 ms
44 ms
34 ms rc4ec-hge0-9-0-1.il.shawcable.net [66.163.77.202]
41 ms
35 ms
33 ms eqx-ch.3-2.r1.ch.hwng.net [206.223.119.96]
34 ms
34 ms
25 ms 209.197.20.23
11 ms rc2nr-tge0-1-0-25-21.wp.shawcable.net [64.59.178.133]
8 34 ms 33 ms
[23.197.144.170]
24 ms a23-197-144-170.deploy.static.akamaitechnologies.com
Step 2: List the path to www.cisco.com using the web-based tool on subnetonline.com.
1: pera.subnetonline.com (141.138.203.105)
1: gw-v130.xl-is.net (141.138.203.1)
2: rt-eu01-v2.xl-is.net (79.170.92.19)
1.937ms
5-31: No Reply
Too many hops: pmtu 1500
Resume: pmtu 1500
---- Finished -----Step 3: List the path to www.cisco.com using VisualRoute Lite edition.
196.168.56.1
192.168.0.1
64.59.178.133
66.163.73.198
66.163.78.213
66.163.73.202
66.163.76.198
66.163.78.209
66.163.65.114
66.163.78.85
66.163.77.206
66.163.65.70
66.163.75.117
66.163.77.202
66.163.65.118
206.223.119.96
209.197.20.23
23.197.144.170
9. Did all the traceroute utilities use the same paths to www.cisco.com? Why or Why
not?
No it didnt because every path is unique and can take a different route to get to its
destination causing it to take a different path each time.
Reflection
10. Having now viewed traceroute through three different tools (tracert, web interface,
and VisualRoute), are there any insights that using VisualRoute provided that the
other two tools did not?
I believe using VisualRoute is a good way to see the path we take to reach a website
because it breaks it down the information better by separating them into rows. It also
has a great visual path showing the user how they are getting to the website.
Objectives
Describe convergence of data, voice, and video in the context of switched networks.
Scenario
Individually, or in groups (per the instructors decision), discuss various ways hosts send and
receive data, voice, and streaming video.
Develop a matrix (table) listing network data types that can be sent and received. Provide five
examples.
Your matrix table might look something like this:
. Reflection 1.
1. What are some problems that may be encountered if you receive streaming video from your
instructors server through a low-end switch?
Answers will vary bandwidth might be too low for the video stream to many recipients causing
lag time distortion may result in picture, audio, etc. Some stations could be kicked out as a
result of traffic overload depending on the application program being used to stream the video,
etc. There is also the possibility of sniffing or snooping depending on how the switch is
configured.
2.How would the traffic flow be determined: multicast or broadcast in transmission?
When users have to log in to the application to receive the video transmission, this would be
considered a multicast. If students are set up collectively into a group by the
server to push the stream, it would be considered a broadcast on the LAN side.
1.3.1.1 Class Activity Its Network Access Time 3
3.What would influence your decision on the type of switch to use for voice, streaming video
and regular data these types of transmissions?
Answers will vary if the switch will be also used for WAN streams and other intensive
download traffic, a higher level switch would be used
4.As you learned in the first course of the Academy, video and voice use a special TCP/IP model,
transportlayer protocol.What protocol is used in this layer and why is it important to voice and video
streaming?
is an alternative communications protocol to Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) used primarily for
establishing low-latency and loss tolerating connections between applications on the Internet. Both
UDP and TCP run on top of the Internet Protocol (IP) and are sometimes referred to as UDP/IP or
TCP/IP. Both protocols send short packets of data, called datagrams.
Step 1: Use the Internet to find information and take notes about the Cisco three-layer
hierarchical model. The site should include information about the:
Enable MAC address filtering: It is possible to program a switch to allow only certain systems to
access the connected LANs.
Create separate collision domains: A switch can create separate collision domains for each
connected node to improve performance.
Share bandwidth: You can allow the same network connection to handle all data.
3: Create a simple table to organize and share your research with another student, group, the class, or
instructor.
Objectives
Part 1: Investigate Dedicated WAN Technologies and Providers
Part 2: Investigate a Dedicated Leased Line Service Provider in Your Area
Background / Scenario
Todays broadband Internet services are fast, affordable, and secure using VPN technologies. However, many
companies still find the need for a 24-hour dedicated connection to the Internet or a dedicated point-topoint
connection from one office location to another. In this lab, you will investigate the cost and availability of
purchasing a dedicated T1 Internet connection for your home or business.
Required Resources
Device with Internet access
Dedicated
Connection
(yes/no)
Copper
(yes/no)
Fiber
(yes/no)
Wireless
(yes/no)
Speed/Range
T1/DS1
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
1.544 Mb/s
T3/DS3
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
44.736 Mb/s
OC3 (SONET)
Yes
No
Yes
No
155.52 Mb/s
Frame Relay
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
ATM
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
MPLS
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Up to 10 Gb/s
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Up to 10 Gb/s
Internet Service
Provider
T1/DS1/PRI
T3/DS3
OC3
(SONET)
Frame
Relay
ATM
MPLS
EPL
Ethernet Private Line
Comcast
Integra
tw telecom
x
x
AT&T
Cbeyond
Earthlink
Level 3
Communications
XO
Communications
Verizon
Type the Phone Number to connect to the WAN. This number should be a landline number. d. Click the
button marked Step 2.
Click Continue.
Reflection
1. What are the disadvantages to using a T1 leased line for personal home use? What would be a better
solution?
A symmetrical service such as T1 would be more expensive and unnecessary for home use. Home users
typically do much more downloading than uploading and an asymmetrical service such as DSL or Cable could
provide faster downloads at a more affordable price
2. When might the use of a dedicated WAN connection, of any type, be a good connectivity solution for a
business.
A business, which requires fast Internet speeds, both download and upload, and an
uninterrupted connection would benefit from a dedicated connection.
3. Describe other WAN technologies that provide high-speed, low-cost options that could be an alternative
solution to a T1 connection.
Frame Relay, MPLS, and Metro Ethernet or Ethernet Private Line (EPL) are technologies that would be worth
researching.
FastEthernet0/4
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FastEthernet0/19
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FastEthernet0/21
FastEthernet0/22
FastEthernet0/23
FastEthernet0/24
GigabitEthernet0/1
GigabitEthernet0/2
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unassigned YES
unset down
unset down
unset up
unset down
unset down
unset down
unset down
unset down
unset down
unset down
unset down
unset down
unset down
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up
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S1
S2
S2
S1
Protocol
Status
Protocol
Status
F0/1
Up
Up
Up
Up
F0/6
Up
Down
Down
Up
F0/18
Down
Up
Up
Down
VLAN 1
Up
Up
Up
Up
Interface
Why are some Fast Ethernet ports on the switches are up and others are down?
The Fast Ethernet ports are up when cables are connected to the ports unless they were manually shutdown
by the administrators. Otherwise, the ports would be down.
Reflection:
What could prevent a ping from being sent between the PCs? Lab
Wrong IP address, media disconnected, switch powered off or ports administratively down, firewall. Note: It
may be necessary to disable the PC firewall to ping between PCs
.
Reflection
1. How do you prevent unauthorized personnel from accessing your Cisco device
through the console port?
*Physically secure the device and the use password protection.
2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using the serial console
connection as compared to the USB console connection to a Cisco router or switch?
*It depend on the port available on the PC and the router or the switch. If the Pc has a
serial and DB9-to RJ45 cable is available , it is generally easier to connect the router or
switch using the serial console port. If the PC does not have a serial port, a third party USB
is not an option. If connecting frequently to a CISCO router that has a Mini USB console
port this can be the most effective method ones the CISCO driver are installed, because
nearly all newer PCs have USB ports.
2. Which two related organizations are responsible for managing the top-level domain
name space and the root Domain Name System (DNS) name servers on the
Internet?
3. Vinton Cerf has been called one of main fathers of the Internet. What Internet
organizations did he chair or help found? What Internet technologies did he help to
develop?
9. Where is the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) headquarters located and what is the
significance of its logo?
10. What is the IEEE standard for the Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 (WPA2) security protocol?
11. Is the Wi-Fi Alliance a non-profit standards organization? What is their goal? 12. Who is Hamadoun
Tour?
13. What is the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and where is it headquartered?
14. Name the three ITU sectors? 15. What does the RS in RS-232 stand for and which organization
introduced it?
17. What is the mission of the ISOC and where are its headquarters located?
19. What organization oversees the IAB? 20. When was the ISO founded and where are its headquarters
located?