Education in Greece

European universities. The Greek government is pressured to recognise these overseas programmes.
All levels of education are catered for by both private
and public schools. State-run schools and universities
do not charge tuition fees and textbooks are provided
free to all students, although, from 2011 onwards, there
has been noticed a shortage in new textbooks, forcing
students to either buy stock books from bookshops, or
participate in parent-teacher association-run book trades.
There are also a number of private tutors schools, colleges and universities operating alongside the state education and providing supplementary tuition. These parallel schools (Greek: , frontistirio (singular))
provide foreign language tuition, supplementary lessons
for weak students as well as exam preparation courses for
the competitive Panhellenic national examinations. Most
of the students typically attend such classes (and examinations) at the tutors schools in the afternoon and evening
in addition to their normal schooling.

The building of the National Library of Greece

The Greek educational system is mainly divided into

three levels, primary, secondary and tertiary, with an additional post-secondary level providing vocational training. Primary education is divided into kindergarten lasting one or two years, and primary school spanning six
years (ages 6 to 12). Secondary education comprises two
stages: Gymnasio (variously translated as Middle or Junior High School), a compulsory three-year school, after which students can attend Lykeion (an academically
oriented high school) or Vocational training. Higher Tertiary education is provided by Universities and Polytechnics, Technological Educational Institutes (T.E.I., 1983
~ present) and Academies which primarily cater for the
military and the clergy. Undergraduate courses typically
last 4 years (5 in polytechnics and some technical/art
schools, and 6 in medical schools), postgraduate (MSc
level) courses last from 1 to 2 years and doctorates (PhD
level) from 3 to 6 years.

The Greek education system has been criticised over the

years by Greek people for various issues, like diculty
levels of the exams during Panhellenic Examinations,
number of teaching hours in schools etc.

1 Primary education

All levels are overseen by the Ministry of Education and

Religious Aairs. The Ministry exercises centralised
control over state schools, by prescribing the curriculum,
appointing sta and controlling funding. Private schools
also fall under the mandate of the Ministry, which exercises supervisory control over them. At a regional level,
the supervisory role of the Ministry is exercised through
Regional Directorates of Primary and Secondary Education, and Directorates of Primary and Secondary Education operate in every Prefecture. Tertiary institutions are
nominally autonomous, but the Ministry is responsible for
their funding, and the distribution of students to undergraduate courses. Currently the Greek government only
recognises the degree programmes oered by the staterun universities although there are several private universities and colleges oering degree programmes that are
validated and overseen by American, British and other

The public school of Astros, built in 1915.

Elementary schools are called "Dimotiko" (demotic,

meaning municipal), a carryover term from a time when
such schools were run by local communities. The name
remains although it has been obsolete for decades. In
the rst two years pupils are not ocially graded, and
1

SECONDARY EDUCATION

parents obtain feedback about their performance via oral

Second Foreign Language (2 hours/week and only
communications with teachers. Grading begins in Year
for years 5 and 6)
3, and written exams are introduced in Year 5. Graduating from one year to the next is automatic, and pupils Grading System:
with decient performance are given remedial tutoring.
Years are called classes, from rst to sixth:
1st Year: no grades
Year 1 ( ): age 6 to 7

2nd Year: no grades

Year 2 ( ): age 7 to 8

3rd Year: A-C (and rarely D)

Year 3 ( ): age 8 to 9

4th Year: A-C (and rarely D)

Year 4 ( ): age 9 to 10
Year 5 ( ): age 10 to 11
Year 6 ( ): age 11 to 12

5th Year: 1-10

6th Year: 1-10

Enrollment to the next tier of compulsory education, the

A normal school-day starts at 8.15 and nishes from Gymnasium, is automatic.
14.00 to 16.15 depending on the school. The classes last
between 40 and 90 minutes. The school year always starts
on September 11 and ends on June 15. The students have 2 Secondary education
summer vacation (about 3 months), Christmas vacation
(2 weeks) and Easter vacation (2 weeks). Furthermore,
students take usually another four days o in order to celebrate their two national holidays (28/10 and 25/3).
Basic subjects:
Modern Greek Language (7 hours/week)
Mathematics (5 hours/week)
Environmental Studies (24 hours/week)
Physical Education (4 hours/week)
Music (1 hours/week)
Art (1 hours/week)
Theatrical Studies (1 hour/week)

Zosimaia School, Ioannina

Flexible Zone (12 hours/week)

English (24 hours/week)
(The hours a week for a subject may vary from the teacher
who teaches)
Additional Subjects:
Physics (3 hours/week and only for years 5 and 6)
Geography (2 hours/week and only for years 5 and
6)
History (2 hours/week and for years 3-6)
Religion (1 hours/week and for years 3-6)

French School at Athens

Social & Political Studies (1 hours/week and only (Gymnasium - Middle School) (compulsory
for years 5 and 6)
education)

3
Modern Greek Literature (2 hours/week)
Ancient Greek Language (3 hours/week)
Ancient Greek Literature (2 hours/week)
Mathematics (4 hours/week) (Algebra 2 hours/week
and Geometry 2 hours/week)
Physics (1 hour/week)
Biology (2 hours/week)
Geography (2 hours/week)
History (2 hours/week)
View of the Jewish school, Thessaloniki

/ 1st grade, age 12 to 13

Religion Education (2 hours/week)

English Language (2 hours/week)

/ 2nd grade, age 13 to 14

2nd Foreign Language:

hours/week)

/ 3rd grade, age 14 to 15

Technology (1 hour/week)

Starts on September 11 and ends on June 15 to 18. The

lessons end in the second week of May so that the students
will be able to study for their examinations between May
and June. The classes start at 8.15 and end from 13.45 to
14.15 according to the type of school. Classes last from
30 min. to 45 min. and there are breaks of 10 and 5
minutes between them. There are 6 types of gymnasiums
in Greece:

French or German (2

Computer Studies (1 hour/week)

Music (1 hour/week)
Art (1 hour/week)
Physical Education (2 hours/week)
Home Economics (2 hours/week)
Project (1 hour/week)

1. General Gymnasium (entering there from the pri2. /2nd Grade of Gymnasium (The
mary school is automatic)
curriculum is based on the 2013 curriculum, for the
2. Athletic Gymnasium (to enter this type of school school season 2014-2015):
students must pass certain exams on a sport like football, basketball, volleyball, gymnastics, polo, swim Modern Greek Language (2 hours/week)
ming etc.)
Modern Greek Literature (2 hours/week)
3. Musical Gymnasium (to enter this type of school
Ancient Greek Language (3 hours/week)
students must pass certain exams on a musical instrument)
Ancient Greek Literature (2 hours/week)
4. Art Gymnasium

Mathematics (4 hours/week)

5. Experimental Gymnasium (to enter this type of

schools students must pass certain exams on Maths,
Science, Reading Comprehension and Writing [the
last two are written as one])

Physics (2 hours/week)

6. Church Gymnasium

Geography (2 hours/week)

Chemistry (1 hour/week)
Biology (1 hour/week)

The subjects for:

History (2 hours/week)

1. /1st Grade of Gymnasium (The

curriculum is based on the 2013 curriculum, for the
school season 2014-2015):

Religion Education (2 hours/week)

Modern Greek Language (2 hours/week)

English Language (2 hours/week)

2nd Foreign Language:
hours/week)

French or German (2

2
Technology (1 hour/week)
Computer Studies (1 hour/week)
Music (1 hour/week)
Art (1 hour/week)
Physical Education (2 hours/week)
Home Economics (1 hour/week)

SECONDARY EDUCATION

On September 2013, the Minister of Education, Lifelong learning and Religious aairs Konstantinos Arvanitopoulos ocially announced the historic recreation of
the General Lyceum. On September 12, 2013 the new
system was introduced to the new students of the 1st
grade of General Lyceum.
The subjects for:
1. /1st Grade of General
Lyceum (The curriculum is based on the 2013 curriculum, for the school season 2014-2015):

Project (1 hour/week)
Subjects of General Education
3. /3rd Grade of Gymnasium (The curriculum is based on the 2009 curriculum, for the school Ancient Greek (5 hours/week) Modern Greek Language
season 2014-2015):
(2 hours/week) Modern Greek Literature (2 hours/week)
Algebra (3 hours/week) Geometry (2 hours/week)
Physics (2 hours/week) Chemistry (2 hours/week) Bi Religion Education (2 hours/week)
ology (2 hours/week) History (2 hours/week) Polit Ancient Greek Literature (2 hours/week)
ical Studies (3 hours/week) Religion Education (2
hours/week) Project (2 hours/week) Foreign Language:
Ancient Greek Language (3 hours/week)
English or French or German (2 hours/week) Physical
Education (2 hours/week)
Modern Greek Language (2 hours/week)
Modern Greek Literature (2 hours/week)
History (3 hours/week)
Social & Political Studies (2 hours/week)
English Language (2 hours/week)
2nd Foreign Language:
hours/week)

French or German (2

Mathematics (4 hours/week)
Physics (2 hours/week)
Chemistry (1 hour/week)
Biology (2 hours/week)
Physical Education (2 hours/week)
Music (1 hour/week)
Art (1 hour/week)
Computer Studies (1 hour/week)
Scholastic Vocational Guidance (1 hour/week)
(General Lyceum - High School)
/ 1st grade, age 15 to 16
/ 2nd grade, age 16 to 17
/ 3rd grade, age 17 to 18

Subjects of selection
Applications of Computer Science (2 hours/week)
Geology and Management of Natural Resources (2
hours/week) Greek and European Culture (2 hours/week)
Art Education (2 hours/week)
2. /2nd Grade of General
Lyceum (The curriculum is based on the 2013 curriculum, for the school season 2014-2015):
Subjects of General Education
Ancient Greek (2 hour/week) Modern Greek Language
(2 hours/week) Modern Greek Literature (2 hours/week)
Algebra (3 hours/week) Geometry (2 hours/week)
Physics (2 hours/week) Chemistry (2 hours/week) Biology (2 hours/week) Introduction to the Principles
of Science of Computers (1 hour/week) History (2
hours/week) Philosophy (2 hours/week) Political Education (2 hours/week) Religion Education (2 hours/week)
Project (1 hour/week) Foreign Language: English or
French or German (2 hours/week) Physical Education (1
hour/week)
The students can choose 1 of the 2 Orientation Groups:
the Humanities or the Sciences
Subjects of the Humanities Orientation Group
Ancient Greek Language and Literature (3 hours/week)
Basic Principles of Social Science (2 hours/week)
Subjects of the Sciences Orientation Group

5
Physics (3 hours/week) Mathematics (2 hours/week)

Tertiary education.These exams are held after the stu3. /3rd Grade of General dents have received their Apolytirion (the main schoolLyceum (The curriculum is based on the 2013 curricu- leaving certicate for secondary education).The students
pass into a specic Higher Educational Institute based on
lum, for the school season 2014-2015):
the Orientation and Group chosen.
Subjects of General Education
Religion Education (1 hour/week) Foreign Language:
English or French or German (2 hours/week) Physical
Education (1 hour/week) History (2 hours/week) Greek
Language (4 hours/week Modern Greek Language, 2
hours/week Modern Greek Literature)

3 Private schools

The students can choose 1 of the 3 Orientation Groups:

the Humanities, the Economical,Political,Social and Educational Studies and the Science Studies.After choosing
one of these Orientations,the students must choose one
group of specialization based on the orientiation group
they have chosen:
Humanities: Humanitarian and Law Specialization
Group
Subjects:
Ancient Greek Language (10 hours/week) Latin (4
hours/week) History (6 hours/week) Economical,Political,Social and Educational Studies: Economical, Arsakeio School of Athens, 1867
Political and Social Specialization Group or Educational
Specialization Group
Subjects of the Economical,Political and Social
Group
Mathematics and Statistics (8 hours/week) Finance &
Administration (6 hours/week) Social & Political Sciences (6 hours/week)
Subjects of the Educational Specialization Group:
Mathematics and Statistics (8 hours/week) Natural Studies(6 hours/week) History (6 hours/week) Science Studies : Healthcare Science Specialization Group or Science
and Technological Specialization Group
Subjects of the Healthcare Science Specialization
Group
Biology (8 hours/week) Physics (6 hours/week) Chemistry (6 hours/week)
Subjects of the Science and Technological Specialization Group
Mathematics (8 hours/week) Physics (6 hours/week) The Danish Institute of Athens
Chemistry (6 hours/week) Panhellenic national examinations:
There is a wide range of private schools in Greece. 6%
As mentioned above,the students must take the Panhel- of students who attend compulsory education (the highest
lenic national Examinations to procceed to the Higher percent in the European Union) study in Private Schools.

4 SCHOOL ELECTIONS

Tuition fees start from 1,500 to 13,000 according to

the school and the year.

School elections

From the fth year of the primary school to the third year
of Lyceum elections are held.
Elections in primary schools
They are held every September, all the students are
obliged to elect 2 presidiums for each class who rule
until January when the other one succeeds the rst. The
role of these presidiums is to primp the classrooms for
the national holidays and for Christmas. Furthermore,
they transfer the complaints of each student to the school
authorities.
There are 4 positions:
The President
The Vice-President
The General Secretary

View of the Ionian Academy, Corfu

The Treasurer
Elections in Gymnasiums and Lyceums
They are held every September and they are also divided
in 2 parts.
In the 1st part every student elects the Presidium of
his/her class.
The Class Presidium has 5 members:
The President
The General Secretary
The Treasurer
The 1st Member
The 2nd Member
In the second part students elect a School Council which
has 15 members and represents the students. Its role is
extremely important in every school because the School
Council takes signicant decisions for all the students.
The School Council has 15 members:
The School President
The Vice-President
The Treasurer
Another 12 Members

The library of the Technical University of Crete, Chania

Tertiary education in Greece

- .E.I.
(Higher Educational Institutes)

Higher Educational Institutes are consisted of two parallel sectors: the Universities and the Technological Educational Institutes (T.E.I.). In addition, colleges collaborating with foreign universities can oer undergraduate and
postgraduate UK foreign programmes of study in Greece,
under the proper registration with the Greek Ministry of
Education. Usually, these programmes are provided following franchise or validation agreements with universities established in other European Union countries, primarily in the UK, leading to degrees which are awarded
directly by those universities. In some cases these institutions are wholly owned and operated branch campuses
of foreign institutions, as in the case of the University
of Indianapolis, Athens Campus. List of universities in
Greece

Following changes in the Greek legislation, in 2008

and 2010, private organisations, referred to as colleges, have been authorised to oer foreign undergraduate and postgraduate programmes under the
monitoring of the Greek Ministry of Education, for
example iCon College.
All levels are overseen by the Ministry of Culture, Education and Religious Aairs, which exercises centralised
control over public schools, by prescribing the curriculum, appointing sta, and controlling funding. The
ministry exercises a supervisory mandate over private
schools. At a regional level, the supervisory role of the
Ministry is exercised through Regional Directorates of
Primary and Secondary Education, and Directorates of
Primary and Secondary Education operate in every Prefecture. Tertiary institutions are nominally autonomous,
but the Ministry is responsible for their funding, and the
distribution of students to undergraduate courses. Currently the Greek government only recognises degree programmes oered by the state-run universities although
there are several private universities and colleges oering degree programmes that are validated and overseen by
American, British and other European universities. The
Greek government is pressured to recognise these overseas programmes.

According to the European University Association,

austerity measures imposed after the 2010 bailout halved
public funding for higher education in real terms between
2009 and 2014; Greece now spends an average of 545
per student.[1] Spending cuts were such that eight Greek
universities, including the University of Athens, had to
close down temporarily in fall 2013 because they lacked All levels of education are catered for by both private and
public schools. State-run schools and universities do not
the sta to keep the university running.[2]
charge tuition fees and textbooks are provided free to all
students, although, from 2011 onwards, there has been
noticed a shortage in new textbooks, forcing students to
6 Private education
either buy stock books from bookshops, or participate in
parent-teacher association-run book trades.
There are public and private dimotika (primary education), gymnasia (middle school; secondary edu- There are also a number of private tutors schools, colcation), lykeia (high school; secondary education). leges and universities operating alongside the state educaSome of them are for foreigners, usually children tion and providing supplementary tuition. These parallel
of British or American families. For example, see schools, called Frontistirio (Greek: ) provide foreign-language tuition, supplementary lessons for
American Community Schools.
weak students, as well as exam preparation for the com Public and private IEK
petitive Panhellenic national examinations. Most of the
students typically attend such classes (and examinations)
According to the article 16 of the Greek conat the tutors schools in the afternoon and evening in adstitution, private tertiary education was not aldition to their normal schooling.
lowed in Greece. However, there were some Laboratories of Free Studies (Ergastiria Eleutheron
Spoudon), often franchises of foreign universities,
sometimes non-prot organizations, which adver- 7 Vocational education and traintised themselves as private universities or as cening
ters from public universities abroad. For example, see DEI College/University of London In I.E.K.

ternational Programmes and UCLan, I.S.T. Col (Institouto Epagelmatikis Katartilege/University of Hertfordshire, New York College
sis - Vocational Training Institute). O.E.E.K. is
(European and American Education), BCA Busithe government organization which oversees these
ness College of Athens, ALBA Graduate Business
institutes.
School, University of Wales, Bangor, Mediterranean
College, Deree College, Athens Information Tech Private EES schools often oer seminars and 1-year
nology Center of Excellence for Research and Eduvocational programmes, usually for Computing or
cation etc.
Business studies. Young Greeks can seek private

11

SEE ALSO

vocational education using the computer software Many students and parents claim that Greek schools role
products Eurofasma and Kefaleo (Capital).
is not to improve their knowledge and abilities.
In Greece, students often have complaints about the
teaching and grading system of their teachers. There
are heard occasions, for example, of teachers who give
8 Obsolete institutions
lower/higher marks to a student than they should have,
, based on their personal eort and achievements at the
(Techniko Epagelmatiko Ekpedeftirio - lesson. The Education System is believed to follow a too
'democratic' view on such incidents, ignoring such issues.
Technical Professional/Vocational School, TEE)
Another important issue which is causing disturbance
, (Tech- in many Greek families is the existence of paid private
niko Epagelmatiko Lykeio - Technical Profes- classes named frontistiria () whose attensional/Vocational Lyceum, TEL)
dance by the Greek students has become a necessity in
order for them to be able to achieve high grades and suc , (Techceed in their exams. This is a phenomenon noticed esniki Epagelmatiki Scholi - Technical Profespecially as the student approaches the 3rd grade of upper
sional/Vocational School, TES)
high school because of the high diculty of the Panhel , (Eniaio lenic Examinations and has been an object of criticism
Polykladiko Lykeio - Unied Multidisciplinary due to the high fees that most Greek families are called
to pay, thus deviating from the concept of a free and
Lyceum, EPL)
accessible from everyone education.[3] Furthermore, in
2012 the Greek government introduced a regulation that
changed the regime which the selection of the students
9 Current issues
who wished to be registered in the Experimental Schools
was done with. Before 2012, those students were picked
The foremost topic of debate in recent years has been from a lottery, whereas the regulation established a sysrecognition of the private universities, which are for- tem of entrance exams for Experimental Schools which
bidden by the 1975 constitution. Numerous private in- occurred in the 1st grade of lower and upper high school
stitutions, which are often franchises of European and that the students had to pass in order to be selected. This
American universities, such as State University of New incident reinforced the presence of frontistiria, as some
York, but also non-prot accredited institutions or wholly parents started sending their children there, even while
owned and operated branch campuses of foreign universi- at primary-age, so as to prepare them for the entrance
ties, such as the University of Indianapolis - Athens Cam- exams. The regulation also renamed the Experimental
pus, are operating legally as EES schools (translatable as Schools to Exemplar Experimental Schools.
Laboratories of Free Study).
In addition, there have been repeatedly heard protests
Moreover, with few exceptions, the Greek government
refuses to recognize three-year university degrees. Students who completed a bachelors degree in a foreign
country nd it dicult to secure employment in the public sector, unless they next obtain a masters degree, in
which case their academic qualications are considered
equivalent to a four-year undergraduate degree conferred
by a Greek higher educational institute.

about the Panhellenic Examinations, such as:

Following pressure from the EU member states, within

the framework of the Bologna Process, Greece is revising its classication of degrees to bring it in line with the
framework dened in the European Credit Transfer and
Accumulation System/ECTS. (It is usually the goal to accomplish a bachelors degree within 3 years and a masters
degree within 2 years.)

11 See also

10

Criticism

There can be heard and seen lots of facts that show peoples disappointment by the Greek Education System.

'A little number of examining tests will judge the students

rest of life (in their 3rd grade education).' 'Modern Greek
lessons grading system is subjective and students may get
dierent mark than they should.' 'Exams are often made
each year harder than those of the previous year.'

Education in ancient Greece

Education Research Centre - Ministry of Education
and Religious Aairs, The Greek Education System.
Facts and Figures (Supervision: Prof. V. Koulaidis.
Compiled by C. Papakyriakopoulos, A. Patouna, A.
Katsis & S. Georgiadou), Athens, 2003. (ISBN 960541-106-7)
(Greek) ,

9
, ,
2003. (ISBN 960-541-108-3) (accessed June
1, 2006)
Greek Educational System: The Implementation of
the ICT in the Greek Curriculum in Compulsory Education, IACM/FORTH, November 2003
National report of Greece 2009 - Bologna Process:
http://www.ond.vlaanderen.be/hogeronderwijs/
bologna/links/Greece.htm

12

References

[1] Jack Grove (January 22, 2015). Crowded Houses: Are

EU Students Feeling the Squeeze?". Times Higher Education.
[2] Helena Smith (September 25, 2013). Austerity measures push Greek universities to point of collapse. The
Guardian.
[3] Marseilles, Makki. GREECE: An expensive free education. University World News.

13

External links

Information on education in Greece, OECD - Contains indicators and information about Greece and
how it compares to other OECD and non-OECD
countries
Diagram of Greek education system, OECD - Using 1997 ISCED classication of programmes and
typical ages. Also in Greek
Education in Greece, webdossier by Education
Worldwide, a portal of the German Education
Server

10

14

14

TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

14.1

Text

Education in Greece Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Greece?oldid=698395919 Contributors: Adia~enwiki, Optim,

Chuunen Baka, Bearcat, RedWolf, Jpbrenna, Remy B, OTB, Gadum, Joeblakesley, Asbestos, Ta bu shi da yu, Naryathegreat, Rich Farmbrough, Saintswithin, Aranel, Kwamikagami, VBGFscJUn3, Schnolle, Alansohn, BrentS, Deacon of Pndapetzim, Georgios, Rjwilmsi,
Josiah Rowe, Jsone, CQJ, Polaralex, Damac, Bgwhite, RussBot, Nesbit, Welsh, Michalis Famelis, Journalist, TastyCakes, Doncram, Alx
bio, SmackBot, Kimon, Od Mishehu, Gilliam, Anastasios~enwiki, Chris the speller, Baa, Cplakidas, KRBN, Thorsen, Aleenf1, 16@r, Optakeover, RHB, Hu12, Dead3y3, CmdrObot, Amalas, Klassikal, Future Perfect at Sunrise, Mato, Vanished user vjhsduheuiui4t5hjri, ST47,
Chasingsol, Mojo Hand, Marek69, S0crates, MikeLynch, Dricherby, Magioladitis, Jllm06, Garygoldstein, MartinBot, Crvst, R'n'B, CommonsDelinker, Uhai, U.S.A.U.S.A.U.S.A., KakistocraticLaw, Funandtrvl, Sthenel, Indubitably, Oshwah, Tarsinos, Peeperman, Flyer22
Reborn, Stanleymilgram, Gangbaby, Faradayplank, Koolkingkong, ClueBot, Fyyer, EoGuy, Iek propagate, Hansi667, Boing! said Zebedee,
Arjayay, Smarkea, Dna066, Ll3eachbabiixo, ASV47, HexaChord, Pel thal, Addbot, Fyrael, Christopher140691, West.andrew.g, Luckasbot, Yobot, THEN WHO WAS PHONE?, Brougham96, AnomieBOT, Materialscientist, Lapost, LilHelpa, Mechanicarts, Omnipaedista,
FrescoBot, Worky worky, Mouzouni, Haeinous, Nikfromtei, Quantoyster, Zurgle99, Greco22, Patriot8790, Dewritech, Wordwizard1, GoingBatty, Wikipelli, AsceticRose, Anirudh Emani, Josve05a, Demiurge1000, Donner60, Tot12, ClueBot NG, This lousy T-shirt, RJFF,
JCDV, Tkodou, Electriccatsh2, Spyros1989, Mavroudisv, Skyliner123, Manolis Kokkinakis, YFdyh-bot, Bigbear8899, Backendgaming, PAOKJames Bond, Sips 4thewin, Johnhi981, Filedelinkerbot, Tdiamantidis, Alexandros2004, Aikiraist, Diddpql, Anthony15,5, KiloNovemberKilo, Jummai and Anonymous: 201

14.2

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