Hazrat ABUBAKER:

He is the biggest personality in Muslims after the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) and
Messengers of ALLAH. He is one of the Companions of Prophet Muhammad
(s.a.w.w), who was give the reward of Heaven in the world by the Prophet
Muhammad (s.a.w.w). He was born in Amul-Feel, ( an Abyssinian Christian General
named Abraha Came to attack Makkah with an army of some 60,000 men and
several elephants ), i.e. after 2-1/4 years in Makkah in 573 C.E. Abu Bakr Siddiq (r.a)
was named as Abdullah. Abu Bakr was his Patronymic name (Kynniya), (a sir name
which is usually derived from the name of the first son or daughter according to
Muslim traditions). He was the most respectful and attractive personality in Makkah
before embracing Islam. He use to be respected by all due to His humble and pious
character. Abu Bakr Siddiq (r.a) was the first person to embrace Islam in the (in the
men). He was the most trusted companion of the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) and
also earned the title of "As-Siddiq" (the most truthful and sincere person in faith)
from the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w). He alone accompanied amongst all the
companions with the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w), during migration from Makkah
to Madinah. He participated in all the battles of Islam with Prophet Muhammad
(s.a.w.w). History notes that He donated all the households and the property
whenever Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) desired to do so in the way of ALLAH. Abu
Bakr Siddiq (r.a) was the only one who led 17-18 Salah prayers in the lifetime of
Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) due to sickness of Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w).
Hadrat Umar (R.A.) as the Second Caliph of Islam:
As described in connection with the life of Hadrat Abu-Bakr, during his illness he
consulted the "Shura" about the next "Khalifah" and then gave his decision in favour
of Hadrat Umar (R.A.) who took the charge of Caliphate after the death of Hadrat
Abu Bakr (R.A.) on 22nd of Jamadi-uth-Thani 13 A.H. (23rd Aug. 634 A.C.).Umar
(R.A.) followed fully the ways of the Holy Prophet (Sallallahu 'alaihi wa Sallam) and
the policy of his predecessor with his characteristic zeal and vigour. It was his strict
adherence to the "Sunnah" of the Holy Prophet (Sallallahu 'alaihi wa Sallam) which
helped him to subdue the mighty empires of Persia and Byzantine. His caliphate
marked the "Golden Age" of Islam. I would like to discuss only main events which
took place during the Caliphate of Hadrat Umar (R.A.) in brief.
Hazrat Usman:
Hazrat Usman (r.a) is one of the Companions of Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w), who
was given the reward of Heaven by Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) in the world.
Usman Ibn-e-Affan belonged to Banu Umayyia, clan of the Quresh. His name as by
the Patronymic traditions was Abu Amr. He belonged to a rich family of Makkah. He
borned 6 years after the incident of Amul-Feel in Taif, 573 C.E. In the early stage of
Islam he was one of the literate men both in Kuffars and Muslims. His family was
one of the respectful family of Makkah. When migrated to Madinah from Makkah, he

owned a well of fresh water from a Jew and gave it free to the Muslims, who were in
deep trouble by absence of fresh water in the Holy city of Madinah. Prophet
Muhammad (s.a.w.w) gave him the glad tiding of Paradise upon this memorable act.
He participated in all the battles of Islam with Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w). He
donated a huge amount of property whenever needed by Prophet Muhammad
(s.a.w.w) in the way of ALLAH and got the title of "Ghani" (one who donated his
wealth in the way of ALLAH), By Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w). Prophet Muhammad
(s.a.w.w) gave her two daughters in the Nikkah of Usman (r.a). For this act he was
rewarded a title of "Dhun-Norain" by Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w). Hazrat Usman
(r.a) participated in many battles with Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) against the
Kuffars. On 5th Hijri, he was set to detention by the Kuffars in Makkah on sending
him for the prior information for reciting Hajj by Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w). The
Kuffars set out the rumor that they had killed Hazrat Usman (r.a) upon which
Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) took an Oath by his 1,400 Companions (r.a) under the
tree of Babool. Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) made his left hand to the Oath as the
hand of Hazrat Usman (r.a). This incident is the most popular in the history of Islam
and is termed as "Oath of Rizwan (Bait-e-Rizwan). Hazrat Usman (r.a) passed
approximately 12 years of His great Caliphate after the Martyrdom of Hazrat Umar
(r.a). The most important work done in His Caliphate was the rebuilding of "Masjid-eNabwi" He made it 3 times greater than its original shape and area. The most
beautiful work which Muslim Ummah can't forget till the day of Judgment was
arranging of the Holy Quran in the form of a book. For this purpose He called many
Quran-Learned Muslims and upon going through all, He ordered it to arrange it in
the form of a Holy Book in the presence of hundreds of Sahabah (r.a) and Scholars.
So, in this way Quran was being presented first time in the form of a Holy Book and
was sent to different countries to the Muslims. On the 18th Dhul-Hajj, Friday 35 Hijri,
when He was reciting the Holy Quran in His home in the position of Fasting, was
being martyred by the Jews and mutants.

Hazrat ALI:
Hazrat Ali (RA) was, the Fourth 4th Caliph of Islam, was a versatile genius. Few
persons have ever been endowed with the unsurpassed traits of chivalry and
learning, piety and clarity of thought and imagination that distinguished the
illustrious son-in-law of the Prophet (Peace be upon him) who had brought him up
under his own fostering care and ideal guardianship. Hazrat Ali (RA) has universally
been acclaimed as one of the best products of Islam. His bravery had won him the
title of 'Lion of God.'

Hazrat Ali ibn Abu Talib (RA) whose kunniyat was Abul Hasan, was born in the 13th
year of the Year of Elephant. He was a cousin of the Prophet (peace be upon him)

and his clan Banu Hashim having been entrusted with the high function of the
custody of the sacred Kaaba, was held in high esteem, throughout Arabia. Abu Talib,
who had a large family entrusted his son Ali (RA) to the care of the Prophet (peace
be upon him). Hazrat Ali (RA) was brought up by the Prophet (peace be upon him)
himself from his very childhood -- a factor, which greatly contributed to cultivating
extraordinary virtues in him. According to reliable historical sources, Hazrat Khadija
(RA) was the first woman, Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (RA), the first man and Hazrat
Ali (RA) was the first child to embrace Islam. Hazrat Ali (RA) played a conspicuous
role at the time of the Prophet's migration from Makkah.
While Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) accompanied the Prophet (PBUH), constantly harassed
and hunted by the Quraish of Makkah, on his perilous journey to Madinah, Hazrat Ali
(RA) was kept behind to return to the owners the valuables they had entrusted to
the custody of the Prophet (PBUH), It speaks volumes for the intergrity of the
Prophet (PBUH) that even his sworn enemies reposed full trust in his honesty and
deposited their valuables with him. Hazrat Ali (RA) slept soundly in the house of the
Prophet (PBUH) besieged by his enemies. The next morning he cleared the accounts
and departed for Madinah.