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Phrase:
A phrase is a group of words without both a subject and predicate. Phrases
combine words into a larger unit that can function as a sentence element.
For example: a participle phrase can include adjectives, nouns, prepositions and
adverbs; as a single unit, however, it functions as one big adjective modifying a noun
(or noun phrase).
The book was on the table.
I waited for a while.
This book is of great value.

Noun Phrase:
Noun phrase is a group of words without subject and predicate that does the work
of noun.
For Example:
He hopes to win the first prize.
The boy wants to go home.
Lisa gave the little boy a candy.

Verb Phrase:
Verb phrase consist of a verb and all the related helping words. Verb phrases
function as single-word verbs, to express action or to link subject and complement.
The verb phrase can refer to the whole predicate of a sentence (I was watching my
favorite show yesterday) or just the verb or verb group (was watching).
For example:
She was walking quickly to the mall.
The teacher is writing a report.
She has taken the job.

Adverb phrase:
Adverb phrase is a group of words without subject and predicate that does the
work of adverb.
The adverbial phrase also has two definitions; some say its a group of adverbs
(very quickly), while others say its any phrase (usually a prepositional phrase)
that acts as an adverb
For example:
Nothing can live on the moon.

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They sat for a while on the bank.

Rama ran with great speed.

Adjective phrase:
Adjective phrase is a group of words without subject and predicate that does the
work of adjective.
Adjective phrase usually starts with a preposition (in,on,of) or a participle(-ed,ing) and follows the noun it is modifying.
For example:
The magistrate was a kind man.
Only a man with plenty of money buys a car of such beauty and power.
Joe lost his dark brown briefcase.

Prepositional Phrase:
A prepositional phrase, which has a preposition (such as in, at, by, for, to, over,
etc.) as its head, can function as an adjective, adverb, or even as a noun.
For example:
The food on the table looked delicious.
I adopted a black cat with white paws.
The boy with him is his son.

Participle Phrase:
Participle phrases are formed from participles and all the related words.
Participles are formed from verbs and end in "ing" or "ed." Participles function as
adjectives; therefore, participle phrases also function as adjectives. They often
describe the subject of the sentence.
A participle phrase has a past or present participle as its head. Participle phrases
always function as adjectives.
For example:
I think the guy sitting over there likes you.
Walking rapidly, we reached the town in fifteen minutes.
We saw an old woman walking up the path.

Absolute Phrase:
An absolute phrase modifies an entire sentence instead of a single word in the
sentence. An absolute phrase combines a noun and a participle with any
accompanying modifiers or objects.

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For example:
The sun having risen, we set out on our journey.
God willing we shall meet again.
Her arms folded across her chest.

Gerund Phrase:
A gerund phrase is just a noun phrase with a gerund as its head.
For example:
I love baking cakes.
Eating ice cream on a hot day can be a good way to cool off.
Blowing bubbles on a windy day is a fun activity for children.

Infinitive phrase:
An infinitive phrase is a noun phrase with an infinitive as its head. Unlike the
other noun phrases, however, an infinitive phrase can also function as an adjective or
an adverb.
For example:
I love to bake cakes.
Joe always tries to do his best.
The lecturer was asked to speak for half an hour.

Appositive phrase:
An appositive (single word, phrase, or clause) renames another noun, not
technically modifying it.
For example:
Bob, my best friend, works here.
My uncle, a lawyer,is visiting us.
My radio, an old portable, is in the repair shop.

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