McMaster University

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Elec.Eng. 4PL4 Energy Systems and Management
Quiz 2 Question: Transformers

Quiz 2 Question (and Transformers tutorial Question 3)

A company is supplied by a supply utility 20MVA, 132kV/11kV, 60Hz, 3-phase, Dy11
transformer from which the following results were obtained:No-load test (phase data taken on LV side): 6351V, 2.33A, 6670W
Short-circuit test (phase data taken on LV side): 381.06V, 1049.73A, 10471W
For Parts (a) to (c) assume that the transformer input is connected to an infinite bus-bar, i.e. the
primary input voltage is fixed and that the transformer is always supplying an inductive reactive
load.
The file EE4PL4 Transformer data.xls contains measured data from the transformer during a
summer week (26 June to 2 July 2013). The data is the transformer output phase current and
power factor versus time in 15 minute intervals.
(a) Using the data in the spread-sheet calculate the transformer:(i) Output voltage versus time
(ii) The total 3-phase output real and apparent powers versus time
(iii) The transformer losses and hence efficiency versus time
(iv) The transformer regulation versus time
(v) The transformer input real power, apparent power and power factor versus time

(b) Assuming the data is constant over the 15 minute time intervals, use the trapezoidal rule to
estimate the transformer energy input and energy output over the period of the data set (7
days).

(c) It is planned to improve the company power factor (i.e. at the transformer output) such that it
is a constant unity power factor. This will be achieved by connecting a switched variable,
star connected, 3-phase capacitor system at the transformer output. Assume that there is
smooth capacitance variation available. For the same output voltage and real power
delivered as calculated in (a), calculate:(i) The per phase capacitance variation versus time
(ii) The maximum and minimum capacitance per phase required

EE4PL4: Quiz 2 question

EE 4PL4 Quiz 2_2014-15.doc

-1-

(d) With the variable capacitance connected and with the assumed output voltage and power per
time increment calculated in (a), the transformer input voltage will have to vary, i.e. it will
not be fixed. Thus, now calculate the transformer:(i) Input voltage versus time
(ii) The total 3-phase input real and apparent powers versus time
(iii) The transformer losses and hence efficiency versus time
(iv) The transformer regulation versus time
(v) The transformer input power factor versus time
In a short report, present the results of Parts (a), (c)(i) and (d) graphically. Parts (b) and (c)(ii)
have numerical values.

Use the following equation for regulation:

P.U. Regulation

No-load voltage - Full-load voltage

No-load voltage

EE4PL4: Quiz 2 question

EE 4PL4 Quiz 2_2014-15.doc

-2-