CONTENTS

Page No.
List of Figures

i-ii

List of Tables

iii

List of Abbreviations

iv

CHAPTER-1
1.1
CHAPTER-2

INTRODUCTION
Electric power conversion
POWER INVERTER

1-4
3
5-17

2.1

Overview of solar plant inverters

2.2

Applications

2.3

Input voltage

2.4

Output waveform

2.5

Square wave

2.6

Sine wave

2.7

Modified Sine wave

2.8

Other wave forms

2.9

Output frequency

2.10

Output voltage

2.11

Output power

2.12

Batteries

2.13

Series configuration

10

2.14

Parallel configuration

10

2.15

Applications

10

2.15.1 DC power source utilization

10
2.15.2 Uninterruptible power supplies

11

2.15.3 Electric motor speed control

11

2.15.4 Power grid

11

2.15.5 Solar main article

12

2.15.6 Solar inverter

12

2.15.7 Induction heating

12

2.16

HVDC Power transmission

12

2.17

Electro shock weapons

13

2.18

Circuit description

13

2.19

Basic design

13

2.20

Advanced design

15

CHAPTER-3

DC /AC & DC /DC OPERATIONS

18-40

3.1

Overall operation of DC to AC

18

3.2

Overall block diagram of DC to DC operation

18

3.3

More on achieving a sine wave

20

3.3.1

20

Enhance the quantizition

3.4

Three phase inverters

21

3.5

Multi-level inverter

22

3.5.1

Cascade H-Bridge converter

22

3.5.2

Cascade DC source multilevel converter

26

3.5.3

Generalized multilevel topology

29

3.5.4

Mixed-Level Hybrid Multilevel Converter

30

3.5.5

Unequal DC Sources Multilevel Converter

30

3.5.6

Soft-Switched Multilevel Converter

30

3.6

Control and Modulation Techniques of Multilevel

Converters

31

3.6.1

31

Classification of Modulation Strategies

3.6.2

Multilevel SPWM

31

3.6.3

Photovoltaic system

34

3.6.4

Overview

36

3.6.5

System components

37

3.6.6

Complete system

37

3.6.7

Rooftop photovoltaic power station

38

3.6.8

Photovoltaic power station

38

3.6.9

US installation process

38

3.6.10 Components

39

3.6.11 Cabling

39

CHAPTER-4

A. Solar cable and Electrical wiring

39

B. Mounting systems

39

PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGY

41-58

4.1

Introduction

41

4.2

Solar tracker

42

4.3

Solar cell

43

4.4

Sun tracking system connection

47

4.5

Solar inverters

49

4.6

Maximum power point tracking

49

4.7

Charge controller

50

4.8

Battery

50

4.9

4.10

4.8.1

Rechargeable battery and Battery (electricity)

50

4.8.2

Monitoring and metering

51

Grid-connected systems

52

4.9.1

52

Grid-connected photovoltaic power system

Connection to DC grids

53

4.11

Connection to compact grid

54

4.12

Grid connected mode operation

55

4.13

Solar radiation

57

CHAPTER-5

OVERALL OPERATION MODES

59-64

5.1

Solar radiation

59

5.2

Operation Modes of the RSC

59

5.3

System Benefits of Solar PV Power Plant With the RSC Concept

60

5.4

RSC CONTROL

61

5.4.1

Control of the RSC in the DC/AC Operation Modes

61

5.4.2

Control of the RSC in the DC/DC Operation Mode

61

5.4.3

Design Considerations and Modifications to the

5.4.4
CHAPTER-6

Conventional three-Phase PV Converter

62

Mode Change Control

63

MATLAB/SIMULINK RESULTS

6.1

Complete block diagram of photovoltaic sag

65

6.2

Output wave forms of load voltage

66

6.3

Output current waveforms

67

6.4

Sag voltage and current

67

6.5

Output power waveforms

68

CONCLUSION

69

REFERENCES

70