GAD

GRAPHIC APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT - CW3
H.R.P.P.M Gunathillake
(Student ID: 21204117)
H.R.P.P.M GUNATHILLAKE - 21204117
Graphic Application Development

Course Work 3
South Asian Institute of Technology and Medicine (SAITM)

Faculty of Design, Media & Management School of Applied Production & New Media Department
of New Media & Technologies.
1
Contents
Directed study 1 Points and Lines ....................................................................................................... 4
(a)
The Point Defined .................................................................................................................... 4
(b)
The Line Defined...................................................................................................................... 6
(c)
Properties of Line .................................................................................................................... 8
(d)
Applications in Collision Detection ....................................................................................... 10
Directed Study 2 Geometry Snippets................................................................................................ 11

(a)
Distance Between Points....................................................................................................... 11
(b)
Parabolas ............................................................................................................................... 12
(c ) Circles and Soheres .................................................................................................................. 15

(d) Application in Collision Detection ............................................................................................. 16
Directed study 3 Trigonometry Snippets .......................................................................................... 17
(a)
Degrees Versus Radians ........................................................................................................ 17
(b)
Trigonometric Functions ....................................................................................................... 19
Directed Study 4 Vector Operations ................................................................................................. 23

(a)
Vector Versus Scalar .............................................................................................................. 23
(b)
Polar Coordinates Versus Components ................................................................................ 24
(c)
Vector Addition and Subtraction.......................................................................................... 24
(d)
Scalar Multiplication.............................................................................................................. 25
(e)
Dot Product ........................................................................................................................... 26
(f)
Cross Product ........................................................................................................................ 26
Directed Study 5 Matrix Operations ................................................................................................. 27

(a)Equal Matrices ............................................................................................................................. 27
(b)Matrix Addition and Subtraction ................................................................................................. 27
(c)Scalar Multiplication .................................................................................................................... 28
(d)Matrix Multiplication ................................................................................................................... 29
(e)Transpose .................................................................................................................................... 30
Directed Study 6 Transformations .................................................................................................... 32
(a)Translation ................................................................................................................................... 32
(b)Scaling .......................................................................................................................................... 34
(c)Rotation ....................................................................................................................................... 35
Directed Study 7 Unit Conversions ................................................................................................... 37

(a)
The Metric System................................................................................................................. 37
(b) Converting Units Between Systems ........................................................................................... 37

Directed Study 8 Motion in one Dimension...................................................................................... 38
(a)
Speed and Velocity ................................................................................................................ 38
(b) Acceleration ................................................................................................................................ 38

(c) Equations of Motion ................................................................................................................... 38
Directed Study 9 Derivative Approach to Motion in One Dimension............................................... 39
(a)
Visualising Velocity and Derivative ....................................................................................... 39
(b) Visualising Acceleration and Second Derivative......................................................................... 39

Directed Study 10 Motion in Two and Three Dimensions ................................................................ 40
(a)
Using Vectors......................................................................................................................... 40
(b) Projectiles ................................................................................................................................... 40
Directed study 1 Points and Lines

(a) The Point Defined
1. Give the coordinates of the 2D points A through E shown in Figure 1.5.
Figure 1.5
A (2,1)
B (-1,3)
C (-3,0)
D (0,3)
E (3,-3)
F (-2,2)
2. Plot the following points on the grid provided in Figure 1.6
Figure 1.6
3. Give the coordinates of 3D point P shown in Figure 1.7
[2 ,1 ,4]
4. Give the coordinates of 3D point Q shown in Figure 1.8.
[1 ,1.5 ,2]
(b) The Line Defined

State whether the following equations are linear (that is if the complete solution is a line)
1.
2.
3.
4.
2x y = 5 - Linear
x + 5y = 0 - Linear
x = -1
- Linear
y + x squared = 5 - Non linear
Graph the following linear equations

1. x 2y = 0
2. -3x + y = 4
3. X = 1
(c) Properties of Line

Compare the slope between the following pairs of points:
1. (0,10) and (5,0)
m = 0 - 10
5-0
Slope (m) = -2
2. (3,5)and (1,9)
m=9-5
1-3
Slope(m) = -2
3. (2,-1)and (6,1)
m = 1 (-1)
6-2
Slope (m) = 1/2
4. (-2,5)and (1,4)
m=4-5
1- (-2)
Slope (m) = -1/3
5. (-3,5) and (-4,7/2)

m = 0 - 10
5-0
Slope (m) = 1.5
6. (9,8) and (9,-7)

m = 7/2 - 5
-4 (-3)
Slope (m) = 0
7. How are the lines from questions 1 and 2 related?

They have same slope, the lines are parallel
8. Describe what the line in question 6 looks like
It doesnt have a slope, vertical line
Find the slope of the following lines

9. 2x +3y =10
10. X 5y = 0
11. 2y = 8
12. x + y = -7
Slope (m) =
Slope (m) =
Slope (m) =
Slope (m) =
-2/3
1/5
0
-1
Find the equation of a line connection the following pairs of points:

13. (0,10) and (5,0)
14. (3,5) and (1,9)
15. (2,-1) and (6,1)
16. (-2,-5) and (1,4)
Slope (m) = -2 , Equation of the line , y = 2x+10

Slope (m) = -2 , Equation of the line , y = -2x + 11
Slope (m) = 1/2, Equation of the line , y = 1/2x - 2
Slope (m) = 3 , Equation of the line , y = 3x + 1
(d) Applications in Collision Detection

Give the slope and y-intercept for each equation and the number of solutions for the system
1. 2x + 6y = 6
-x + 3y = 6
Slope (m) = 1/3 , y-intercept } -2, 1
2. -6x + 12y = 12
-x + 2y = 2
Slope (m) = 1/2 , y-intercept } 12,1
3. -x + 2y = 4
-x + 2y + -4
Slope (m) = 1/2 , y-intercept } 2 , -2
Solve the following systems of linear equations using the linear combination method;
4. 4x + 6y = 16
X + 2y = 5
x=1,y=2
5. 3x + 8y = 24
x+y=3
x=0,y=3
Solve the following sys tem of linear equation using the substitution method;
6. 3x + 2y = 5
3x 2y = -1
(x= 2/3 , y = 3/2 )
7. 3x + y = 8
5x 2y = 9 (x = 25 , y = - 67)
10
Directed Study 2 Geometry Snippets

(a)
Distance Between Points
1. Find the length of side b, as shown in Figure 2.4
b = 4.24
2. A triangle is defined by the following vertices (30,75),(25,0)
and (-50,45) is it a right triangle?
Its not a right triangle.
3. Find the distance between points (30,80) and (150,130)
16900 = 130
4. Find the distance between points (20,50,10) and (100,120,40)
12200 = 110.45
5. Find the midpoint between points (30,80) and (150,130)

M = (90, 105)
6. Find the midpoint between points (20,50,10) and (100,120,40)
M =(60, 85, 25)
11
(b)
Parabolas
Give the vertex of the following parabolas

1. Y=10(x-4)^2 + 7
Vertex = (4,7)
2. X 2(y-5) + 1
Vertex = (5,1)
3. Y = (x+3)^2 + 2
Vertex = (-3,2)
4. X = -(3y)^2 12
X= -3y-12
5. Y = (x+1)^2
Vertex = (-1, 0)
12
Sketch the graph of the following parabolas

6. y = 10(x-1)^2 + 3
y = 10(x-1)2 + 3
x
y
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
363
253
163
93
43
13
3
13
43
93
163
253
363
493
643
700
600
500
400
Series1
300
200
100
0
-10
-5
10
13
7. x = y^2 2
x = y2 2
y
23
14
7
2
-1
-2
-1
2
7
14
23
34
47
62
79
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8
6
4
2
Series1
0
-20
-2
20
40
60
80
100
-4
-6
14
(c ) Circles and Soheres

Give the center and radius of the circles;
1. (x-30)^2 + (y-10)^2 = 400
Center = (30,10) , radius =20
2. (x+20)^2 + (y-90)^2 = 100
Center = (-20,90) , radius =10
3. (x+50)^2 + (y)^2 = 625
Center = (-50,-0) , radius =25
Find the equation of a circle that meets the following criteria

4. Center = (40, -25), radius = 30
Distance = 900
5. Center = (0,0), radius = 15
x + y = 15
6. Center = (-10,40), circle goes through the point (29,50)
(x+10)+(y-40)=1621
Give the center and the radius of the following spheres

7. (x -10)^2 + (y-30)^2 + (z-50)^2 = 1800
Center = (10,30,50) , radius = 40
8. X^2 + y^2 + y^2 = 100
Center = (0,0,0) , radius = 10
9. (x-50)^2 + y^2 +[z+40]^2 = 1
Center = (50,0,-40) , radius = 1
15
Find the equation of a sphere that meets the following criteria;

10. Center = (40,-25,30) , radius = 10
(x-40) + (y+25)+(z-30)=100
11. Center = (0,0,0) radius = 22
X + Y +Z = 484
12. Center = (10,0,-60), circle goes through the point (10,50,-30)
(X-10)+y+(Z+60)=3400
(d) Application in Collision Detection

1. Suppose you are coding the collision detection for a 2D baseball game, and you decide to
use bounding circles, in the current frame , one players bounding circle is defined by the
equation (x-70)^2 + (y-20)^2 = 1600, and the baseballs bouding circle is defined by the
equation (x-50)^2 + (y-60)^2 = 256. Have they collided yet? Yes, Collided.
2. Suppose you are coding the collision detection for a 3D football game, and you decide to use
bounding sphere is defined by the equation (x-50)^2 + y^2 + (z+20)^2 = 1600 and the
footballs bounding sphere is defined by the equation (x-60)^2 + (y-70)^2 + (z+50)^2 =
400.Have they collided yet? Yes, Collided.
16
Directed study 3 Trigonometry Snippets

(a)
Degrees Versus Radians

Draw the following angels in standard position
1. 120 = (90+30)
120
2. 270
270
17
3. -45
-45
Convert the following angels from degrees to radians;

4. 60
=/3
5. 270
=3/2
6. 45
=2/8
Convert the following angels from radians to degrees;

7. 135
8. 60
9. 72
18
(b)
Trigonometric Functions
Using your calculator, find the value of the following trigonometric functions;
1. Sin 45
0.70
2. Cos 125
-0.57
3. Tan - 35
-0.70
4. Find sin, cos and tan for the angle shown in Figure 3.14
Sin
=25/7
Cos
=25/24
Tan
=7/24
5. Find the degree measure of the angle in Figure 3.14

= sin (25/7)
6. Find cot -35
-0.998
7. Find csc 20
0.522
8. Find sec 45
0.066
19
9. y = 5sin3x
5
4
3
2
1
0
-1
Series1
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
-2
-3
-4
-5
10. y = 3cosx
4
3
2
1
0
-1
Series1
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
-2
-3
-4
20
11. y = cos4x
1.5
1
0.5
0
Series1
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
-0.5
-1
-1.5
12. y = 5sinx
6
4
2
0
Series1
0
100
200
300
400
-2
-4
-6
21
13. y =2cos(1/2x)
1.5
1
0.5
0
Series1
0
100
200
300
400
-0.5
-1
-1.5
14. y = 1/2sin(-2x)
0.6
0.4
0.2
Series1
0
200
400
600
800
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
22
Directed Study 4 Vector Operations

(a) Vector Versus Scalar
1. Whats the different between a vector and a scalar quantity?
A scalar is just a number, sometimes called a magnitude without direction and a vector quantity
has both magnitude and direction.
2. Is -65 feet and example of a vector or a scalar? Its scalar
3. Is 35 seconds and example of a vector or a scalar? Scalar
4. If a runner on a straight track starts at the 5-ft.marker and stops at the 65-ft marker, whats
his displacement? 60ft
5. If a confused runner on a straight track starts at the 65-ft.
Marker and stops at the 5-ft, marker, whats his displacement? -60ft
6. Suppose you are playing Pong, and the paddle starts with a y-coordinate
Of 250 pixels.You move it down to the 100-pixel mark to hit the ball. Then you move down
300 pixel in anticipation of the next hit.As the ball approaches you realize you are a little off,
so you move down 20 pixels.whats the paddles overall displacement?
Displacement = +130px
7. What is the actual distance that the paddle in question 6 travels?
Actual distance = +470px
23
(b) Polar Coordinates Versus Components

1. Vector A is a velocity vector. Convert A = 25m/s @ 45 to Cartesian coordinates.
A=17.67i+ 17.67j
2. Convert vector B = 12i ^ + 5j^ to polar coordinates.
B = 13 units @ 42.96
3. Vector C is a force vector. Convert C=200N@60 to cartecian coordinates.

C=100 i+ 173.20 j
4. Convert vector D=8i^-6j^ to polar coordinates
D=10 units @ 76.39
(c) Vector Addition and Subtraction

1. Convert vector A=20ft @ 80 to Cartesian coordinates.
A=3.47 i + 19.69 j
2. Convert vector B=6i^+8j^ to polar coordinates
10 units@ 32.86
3. Using vectors A and B in the previous two questions , find the vector A+B
A + B = 9.47 i + 27.69 j
24
4. Using vectors A and B in the previous three questions, find the vector A-B
A B = -2.53 i + 11.69 j
5. Calculate F+G for vectors F = 2i^ - 4j^ - k^ and G = -5i^ + 3j^ + 6k^
F +G = -3 i - j + 5 k
6. Calculate F G for 3D vector F = 2i^ - 4j^ - k^ and G = -5i^ + 3j^ + 6k^

7 i -7 j -7 k
(d) Scalar Multiplication

1. Does Scalar multiplication affect a vectors magnitude or direction?
2. Calculate (-1/3)A if vector A=12m/s @ 43
magnitude
-4m/s @45
3. Calculate 6B if vector C = [24 10]
18 i - 6j
4. Normalise vector C = [24 10]
C=
5. Normalise vector D = [0.7 24]
D =
24/26
0.7/24.01
10/26
24/24.01
25
(e) Dot Product

1. Find A.B for vectors A = [-2 8] and B =[4 1]
2. Find C.D for vectors C = [-1 4 2] and D = [3 0 5]
3. Are vectors A and B in question 1 perpendicular?
Yes, if A.B=0, A is perpendicular to B
4. Find the angle between vectors C and D in question 2.
8.10
5. Suppose the camera in your game is currently sitting at (0,0)

and vector F = [4 9] represents the camera view.You know that the location of an object is
[3,-2].If the camera can see only 90 in each direction is the object in view?
(f) Cross Product

1. Find A x B for vectors A = [2 -3 5] and B = [-1 0 4]
[-12
-233]
2. Find the surface normal for vectors A and B in question 1 [0.459 0.88 0.11]
3. Find the angel between vectors A and B using he cross product you found in question 1.
=sin(25.37)
26
Directed Study 5 Matrix Operations

(a)Equal Matrices
1. Dimensions of matrix H = 3
2. Place of the entry in matrix H that has a 2 in it = (1,0)
3. Dimensions of matrix J = 20
4. Number 4
5. No, [ Dimensions of matrix K = 16 and Dimensions of matrix L = 9 ]
6. No, [Entries are not equal]
(b)Matrix Addition and Subtraction
1. C + D =
2. C D =
3.F + G =
-3
-1
-1
-6
-2
27
4. F - G =
-2
-7
-6
(c)Scalar Multiplication
1. -3A =
2. 1/2B =
-9
-15
-1
12
-30
-4
-1
-2
-8
3. If -1/4X = B 3A, find matrix X

12A 2B = X
12A 2B =
-36
52
64
-8
56
96
-44
28
(d)Matrix Multiplication
1.
2.
13
10
10
-5
3. Dimensions are not equal
4. Dimensions are not equal
-4
-4
5.
6.
36
-1
21
-1
15
29
(e)Transpose
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
13
10
-4
-3
-2
10
-1
-1
-2
30
6.
1
-1
31
Directed Study 6 Transformations

(a)Translation
X
1. D (30, 80) =
70
=
60
New location of D = (70,60)

X
2. E(-50, 200) =
Y
-10
=
180
New location of E = (-10,180)
3. F(100,0)=
140
=
-20
New location of F= (140, -20)

4. G = (200, -300, -50) , H = (90, 0, -40), J = (-400, 50, -100)
X
Y
Z
250
=
-330
-50
new location of G: (250,-330,-50)
32
140
-300
=
Z
-40
new location of H: (140,-300,-40)
-350
-250
=
-100
new location of J: (-350,-250,-100)

5.
-300
L
50
1
-150
M
-60
1
-130
20
1
33
6. G
-50
140
-350
-330
-300
-250
-50
-30
-100
No, we dont get the same new location as question number 4.
(b)Scaling
1. A
-25
-5
-15
10
10
20
After uniformly scale 2D object in half; new location of A : (-25, 10, 1), new location of
B: (-5, 10, 1), new location of C : (-15, 20, 1)
2. A
-12.5
2.5
7.5
60
60
120
After making the objects tall and skinny by scaling in the X direction and 3 times in the Y
direction; new location of A: (-12.5, 60, 1), new location of B : (2.5, 60, 1),new location of C:
(7.5, 120, 1)
34
3. D
-500
-200
300
100
-1000
-200
-3000
After uniformly scale 3D object 10 times larger; new location of D: (0, 300, -1000,1), new location
of E: (-500, 100, -200, 1), new location of F: (-200, 0, -3000, 1).
(c)Rotation
-33.6
1. A
-215
1
68.8
40
1
-93
61
1
35
2.
-0.85
D
20
-49.5
1
-9.56
0
19.97
0
29.7
20
-0.51
1
3.
G=
H=
-50
J=
-20
28
28
210
14
56
-210
36
Directed Study 7 Unit Conversions

(a) The Metric System
1.
3x24x60 = 4320 minutes
2.
25.4 cm
3.
12 miles = 19312.1m
4.
362.102Km/Hr
5.
100.584 m/s
6.
(b) Converting Units Between Systems

1.
3500 cm
2.
0.035 km
3.
0.004567 km
4.
0.056 Kg
5.
3000g
37
Directed Study 8 Motion in one Dimension

(a) Speed and Velocity
1.
D=VT
65
X
2.
185px
3.
1.25m/s
15
1/60
= 16.25miles
4.
(b) Acceleration
1.
0.000310 m/s2
2.
990.36 m/s2
3.
3.725
(c) Equations of Motion

1.
1/20 = 0.05 m/s
2.
200s
3.
-8 m/s2
4.
100m
38
Directed Study 9 Derivative Approach to Motion in One Dimension

(a) Visualising Velocity and Derivative
1.
2.
3.
4.
3<=t<=6
-44
3<=t<=5
-28
3<=t<=4
-12
If h keeps getting closer and closer to 0, the instantaneous velocity gets closer and
closer to 2.
If h keeps getting closer and closer to 0, the instantaneous velocity gets closer and
closer to 90.
Derivative is simply 3
(b) Visualising Acceleration and Second Derivative

1.
1<=t<=5 ;
average acceleration 18.
2.
Instantaneous velocity gets closer and closer to 9.8.
3.
If h keeps getting closer and closer to 0, acceleration gets closer and closer to 34
39
Directed Study 10 Motion in Two and Three Dimensions

(a) Using Vectors
1.
2.
Displacement : [-175, -200]
3.
Displacement : [30,-30,-90]
4.
Average velocity : [-1.25 -10]
5.
Average velocity: [20 -30 -95]
(b) Projectiles
1.
40.5m
2.
2.76m
3.
18.96m
4.
1.44 m
40

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GRAPHIC APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT - CW3

H.R.P.P.M GUNATHILLAKE - 21204117

Graphic Application Development

South Asian Institute of Technology and Medicine (SAITM)

GRAPHIC APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT - CW3

H.R.P.P.M GUNATHILLAKE - 21204117

The Point Defined .................................................................................................................... 4

The Line Defined...................................................................................................................... 6

Properties of Line .................................................................................................................... 8

Applications in Collision Detection ....................................................................................... 10

Directed Study 2 Geometry Snippets................................................................................................ 11

Distance Between Points....................................................................................................... 11

(c ) Circles and Soheres .................................................................................................................. 15

Degrees Versus Radians ........................................................................................................ 17

Trigonometric Functions ....................................................................................................... 19

Directed Study 4 Vector Operations ................................................................................................. 23

Vector Versus Scalar .............................................................................................................. 23

Polar Coordinates Versus Components ................................................................................ 24

Vector Addition and Subtraction.......................................................................................... 24

Dot Product ........................................................................................................................... 26

Cross Product ........................................................................................................................ 26

Directed Study 5 Matrix Operations ................................................................................................. 27

GRAPHIC APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT - CW3

H.R.P.P.M GUNATHILLAKE - 21204117

Directed Study 7 Unit Conversions ................................................................................................... 37

The Metric System................................................................................................................. 37

(b) Converting Units Between Systems ........................................................................................... 37

Speed and Velocity ................................................................................................................ 38

(b) Acceleration ................................................................................................................................ 38

Visualising Velocity and Derivative ....................................................................................... 39

(b) Visualising Acceleration and Second Derivative......................................................................... 39

(b) Projectiles ................................................................................................................................... 40

GRAPHIC APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT - CW3

H.R.P.P.M GUNATHILLAKE - 21204117

Directed study 1 Points and Lines

GRAPHIC APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT - CW3

H.R.P.P.M GUNATHILLAKE - 21204117

2. Plot the following points on the grid provided in Figure 1.6

3. Give the coordinates of 3D point P shown in Figure 1.7

4. Give the coordinates of 3D point Q shown in Figure 1.8.

GRAPHIC APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT - CW3

H.R.P.P.M GUNATHILLAKE - 21204117

(b) The Line Defined

Graph the following linear equations

GRAPHIC APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT - CW3

H.R.P.P.M GUNATHILLAKE - 21204117

GRAPHIC APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT - CW3

H.R.P.P.M GUNATHILLAKE - 21204117

(c) Properties of Line

5. (-3,5) and (-4,7/2)

GRAPHIC APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT - CW3

H.R.P.P.M GUNATHILLAKE - 21204117

6. (9,8) and (9,-7)

7. How are the lines from questions 1 and 2 related?

Find the slope of the following lines

Find the equation of a line connection the following pairs of points:

Slope (m) = -2 , Equation of the line , y = 2x+10

GRAPHIC APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT - CW3

H.R.P.P.M GUNATHILLAKE - 21204117

(d) Applications in Collision Detection

(x= 2/3 , y = 3/2 )

GRAPHIC APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT - CW3

H.R.P.P.M GUNATHILLAKE - 21204117

Directed Study 2 Geometry Snippets