1)

A sample of 40.0 milliliters of a 0.100 molar HC2H3O2 solution is titrated with a 0.150 molar
NaOH solution. Ka for acetic acid = 1.8 x 10¯5
(a) What volume of NaOH is used in the titration in order to reach the equivalence point?
(b) What is the molar concentration of C2H3O2¯ at the equivalence point?
(c) What is the pH of the solution at the equivalence point?
2)
Sn + 2 Ag+ <===> Sn2+ + 2 Ag
(a) Calculate the standard voltage of a cell involving the system above.
(b) What is the equilibrium constant for the system above?
(c) Calculate the voltage at 25 °C of a cell involving the system above when the concentration of
Ag+ is 0.0010 molar and that of Sn2+ is 0.20 molar.
3)
A 6.19 gram sample of PCl5 is placed in an evacuated 2.00 liter flask and is completely
vaporized at 252 °C.
(a) Calculate the pressure in the flask if no chemical reaction were to occur. (b) Actually at 252
°C the PCl5 is partially dissociated according to the following equation:
PCl5(g) <===> PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)
The observed pressure is found to be 1.00 atmosphere. In view of this observation, calculate the
partial pressure of PCl5 and PCl3 in the flask at 252 °C.
4)
Give the formulas to show the reactants and the products for FIVE of the following chemical
reactions. Example: A strip of magnesium is added to a solution of silver nitrate.
Mg + Ag+ ---> Mg2+ + Ag
a) chlorine gas is bubbled into cold dilute sodium hydroxide.
b) solid iron(III) oxide is heated in excess carbon monoxide.
c) solid magnesium carbonate is heated.
d) trisodium phosphate crystals are added to water.
e) gaseous diborane, B2H6, is burned in excess oxygen.
f) small chunks of solid sodium are added to water.
g) hydrogen peroxide solution is added to acidified potassium iodide solution.
h) pure methyl alcohol and pure acetic acid are mixed.
i) an excess of concentrated ammonia solution is added to freshly precipitated copper(II)
hydroxide.
5)
Some alkyl halides, such as (CH3)3CCl, (CH3)3CBr, and (CH3)3CI, represented by RX are
believed to react with water according to the following sequence of reactions to produce
alcohols:

RX <===> R+ + X¯ (slow reaction)

R+ + H2O <===> ROH + H+ (fast reaction)

(a) For the hydrolysis of RX, write a rate expression consistent with the reaction sequence above.
(b) When the alkyl halides RCl, RBr, and RI are added to water under the same experimental
conditions, the rates are in the order RI > RBr > RCl.
Construct properly labeled potential energy diagrams that are consistent with the information on
the rates of hydrolysis of the three alkyl halides. Assume that the reactions are exothermic.
6)
Briefly describe four different laboratory tests by which NaNO3 can be distinguished from
NH4Cl.
7)
What minimum data are needed to determine the molecular weight of each of the following
substances in the laboratory? In each case, use a different method and give the mathematical
formula(s) to be used for calculating the molecular weight from these minimal data.
(a) A liquid that is insoluble in water and that boils at 65°C
(b) A solid nonelectrolyte
8)
First Ionization Energy
Substance Covalent Radii, Å
(kilocalories/mole)
Li 124 1.34
Be 215 0.90
B 191 0.82
C 260 0.77
N 336 0.75
O 314 0.73
F 402 0.72
The covalent radii decrease regularly from Li to F, whereas the first ionization energies do not.
For the ionization energies, show how currently accepted theoretical concepts can be used to
explain the general trend and the two discontinuities.
9)
The molar solubility of silver bromide is diminished by the addition of a small amount of solid
potassium bromide to a saturated solution. However, the molar solubility of silver bromide is
increased by the addition of solid potassium nitrate, a salt whose ions are not common to those of
silver bromide.
Explain these experimental observations in terms of the principles involved.
10)
Discuss briefly the relationship between the dipole moment of a molecule and the polar character
of the bonds within it. With this as the basis, account for the difference between the dipole
moments of CH2F2 and CF4