OUMH2103

ENGLISH FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNICAL PURPOSE

NAME

TARMIZI MOHD ZAIN

NO. MATRIKULASI

750305035507001

ID CARD NO

750305 03 5507

SEMESTER

SEPTEMBER 2015

LECTURER

Mr SEVA BALA SUNDARAM A/L

A.M. MARIAPPAN

EMEL

tarmizimohdzain@gmail.com

CAMPUS ADRESS

OPEN UNIVERSITY
KAMPUS PETALING JAYA
SELANGOR

Part A

In every house in this country there will be a television in their living room doesnt matter it
colour television, or black and white, big flat screen or a old grandpa set yet it still television. It
no longer a luxury item because everybody can afford to buy one. Television is human best
friend at home to accompany when they feel lonely, sad, and even happy. Television being
created by John Logie Baird in the 1920s, John Logie Baird was born in 1888 near Glasgow. He
had made money selling socks and soap. But actually there are a few number of scientists made
an important discovers before Baird. There are also Henri Becquerel found that light could be
changed into electricity and, importantly, Ferdinand Braun had invented the cathode ray tube. By
the 1920s there were 50 serious attempts to invent the television from Russia, America,
Germany, Britain and Japan. And yet the creation of the new invention of television never stops
even now. Well when it first created there only 1 channel (as I being told), but now there are over
a thousand channel that being offer for consumer and a there a no restriction towards the channel
that being watch not only adult but also children. Now day modern television plays significant
role in implementing various social, cultural, propagandist and even military objectives. For
many people television is still the primary source for receiving all the information, which can
satisfy their needs as social individuals. In addition, television provides us with perfect
entertainment for any taste, starting with cartoons and ending with action movies. All these
positive factors advantage constant increase of viewership and encourage people to spend more
time in front of the television sets. Television can affect people not only physiology but also
psychology .There a lot of effect from watching too much television and it is true that television
can cause major sociological issues in this century. It can results in television abuse and
addiction, which usually cause numerous harmful consequences and can seriously damage
peoples health and life style. According to Patriarca, 2009, Sometimes people forget that the
television does not always carries only positive aspects. Indeed, a negative relationship exists
between the amount of time spent watching television and children and adolescents health status,
including overweight, school and verbal performance, perceived cognitive and attention abilities,
and violence or bullying.

By watching too much television it also can give a physiological effect to our mind, body and
soul. The most dangerous effect of watching too much of television is mass physical degradation
in our society. People, who spend hours and hours in front of the television sets, are under very
high risk of becoming overweight and obese. At that, television works for putting on weight from
two different directions: it considerably reduces physical activity of obsessive television viewers,
and, at the same time, promotes unhealthy eating choices, like the foodstuffs with high content of
sugar and fat, etc. Also, it is very common to snack excessively or to drink a lot of beer when
watching some exciting programs, like sports, different competitions or thrillers. Therefore,
supported with the models of extreme alcohol consumption in different television shows and
movies, television encourages drinking, especially among the teenagers and adolescents. That is
why obsession with watching television can cause some dangerous addictions. Watching
television also has a major impact on your brain chemistry. In fact, the longer you watch, the
easier your brain slips into a receptive, passive mode, meaning that messages are streamed into

your brain without any participation from you. Still, at the root of it all, you find that it's really
about the dangers of living a sedentary, "couch-potato" kind of life. A very famous study which
was a combination of many studies conclusively proved that the risk of cardio vascular disease
increased by 15 percent by watching too much television. This is basically interconnected to lack
of sleep, continuous sedentary lifestyle and too much eating of junk food during watching
television, which is an established trend in developed countries and fast evolving one in
developing countries. Essentially, the lack of exercise and physical work and continuous mental
concentration on the television screen without proper blood movement throughout the body due
to sitting or lying at one place is the culprit. The risk of premature mortality by the same study
which highlighted 15% risk of cardiovascular disease above states that the chances of your
lifespan being cut short increase by about 13 percent by continuously watching television for
over two hours every day. The causes of this premature death included a wide variety many of
which have been linked to watching television. Thus, television is indirectly a catalyst to damage
different functions and parts of the body in the long term, which can then result in premature
death as compared to people who watch television less than 2 to 2.5 hours on an average per day.
It is worse for children; it is taxing on their ability to concentrate on important things like studies
or reading quality. Why? Well apart from the obvious effects on eyes and hearing abilities, at a
young age, mostly less than 10, after watching cartoons and kids shows one after the other for
over 2 hours every day, the children's brains capacity to retain any more information and images
becomes severely minimized. And then there is the greater long term effect on the brain. Studies
have proved that for children who spent the most hours in front of the box had greater amounts
of grey matter in the regions around the front polar cortex, the area at front of the frontal lobe.
While increase in grey matter is like body weight which needs to be managed especially during
childhood, excessive television will not result in proper thinning of the cortex related grey matter
which is important for proper learning and verbal abilities. Having a continuous sedentary
lifestyle and lack of sleep is an invitation to type II diabetes. A famous study has stated that the
chances of getting type II diabetes increases by 20% with the increase in daily duration of
watching television beyond two hours. This is largely due to the fact continuous sitting for a long
period of time results in long term changes in blood sugars and blood fats which is the catalyst
for type or the dangerous levels of diabetes.
There are many psychological effects by watching too much television and research suggests that
heavy television viewing can lead to less exercise of the imagination in children. However, more
moderate watching can have a positive effect, particularly if content is specifically designed to
encourage creativity and use of the imagination, as is the case with some educational programs.
We were unable to locate any major research on other ICTs' possible effects on imagination. The
most spread of those are attention deficit disorder and other problems with emotional health. In
addition, obsessive television watchers frequently feel so called exhaustion of the orientation
response, which results in constant feeling of tiresome and weariness. Bringing the effects of
relaxation into our minds, television actually disturbs human brain and makes it tired even within
the first minutes of television watching session. For those people, who watch too much of
television, is lack of concentration, insomnia, restlessness, depressive thoughts, etc. Obsessive
watching television steals the time to be spent for many other important activities, like reading,
cleaning the house, travelling, going to cinemas or theatres, and so on. Children are especially

affected by the negative sides of watching television (like seeing violence or sexual abuse, etc)
because of their unformed psychology and organism, in general. Modern television ruthlessly
damages the development of aesthetic sensibility of a child and his imagination about the beauty.
This can result in wrong perception of the life and its realities. The most common reactions of
children on television dependence are imitation of caddish or aggressive behaviours from
television, failures in schools and low grades, slow-down in intellectual development, lack of all
the physical anomalies within the body arises its externally visible ugly twin - obesity. You keep
on languishing on the couch transfixed to the motley of images and sound and consuming French
fries, sweetened beverages and the result is those bulges around your back and waste. It is also a
perfect recipe for disaster for the most precious of organs - the heart, social skills, and others.
Other physiological effects of watching television in excessive amounts are eye-strain. It is true
that there are specifications for watching television, television should be 5 m. away from the eye,
the room should be adequately lit, television should be placed at the same height with our eyes,
etc. However, these do not prevent our eyes from getting tired if we keep watching television for
a long time. Another effect is obesity, which is widely observed in people who like watching
television and eating snacks everyday (there is even a term television snacks to refer to fast
food that is suitable for eating in front of the television). Television is such a powerful machine
that people cannot get away from it it is addictive. This isn't the first time we've heard about
how television watching can harm your health. Numerous other studies have linked health- and
mental problems to even modest amounts of television viewing. There are a lot of bad things that
happen in the world, and it is probably right that people should know about these things through
their reporting in news bulletins. These bad things include crime, famine, war, violence,
political unrest, and injustice, to name but a few. But there is also an increasing tendency for
news broadcasters to emotionalize their news and to do so by emphasizing any potential
negative outcomes of a story no matter how low the risks of those negative outcomes might be.
This is basically scaremongering at every available opportunity in order to sensationalize and
emotionalize the impact of a news story. Because we now have 24-hour news coverage, gone are
the days when a correspondent or journalists role was simply to impartially describe what was
happening in the world because of satellite television we have an almost immediate visual record
of what is happening throughout the world. According to Dr. Daniel R. Anderson Professor of
Psychology from University of Massachusetts, Amherst, said that television violence increases
negative behaviour. "Most researchers now believe that the evidence is about as strong as the
evidence that cigarette smoking causes lung cancer."
Other than that, by watching too much television it also can contribute to social effect. There are
study showing that people that watching too much television will get typical forgetfulness and
decreased ability to think abstractly. Also excessive TV watching changes the outlook on life.
Most of those who met in real life with the representatives of various professions, say that, in
reality, these people are quite different. They are very different from television characters,
because television does not show the reality, but try to show perfect life. The people that
watching television usually will be less social because they more attached with their favourite
show or programme and did not like to social with other people. They stop to look for the
solution of problems and expect that everything will be resolved by itself well. In their brains
creativity and the desire to create completely replaced by continuous consumption of the

information which was produced by television. Rather than spend time with family and friends,
people are worried about fictional characters. People are so accustomed to these characters that
other people may seem less intimate than the vending hero of the next series. Maybe if people
will spend more time with their relatives and families instead of watching TV, the statistics of
broken marriages will be many times better.
Well let face it, there pro and con when we talking about television. The choice is in our hand,
there a still time to chance and to fix the problem. Shortly, inventions are meant to be beneficial
for human beings, if we know how to benefit from them. Television is one of such inventions
that need to be used for the right purpose only being educated and entertained for a reasonable
(according to age) period of time. We may, then, be safe from or at least reduce the adverse
physiological and psychological effects of watching too much television.

Part B
Summarise
This island is look like it be abundance for long time because there only coconut tree that can be
found there. The island is wide and there a lagoon on tips of the island. There is no resident or
village on this island. There are no facilities on that island such as road, houses and even a dock
to land a ship. The island isolated and never being explored because there is no evidence
showing that any people ever stay on the island. In the island also there is no evidence of any
animals living on the island. The island is flat and there is no hill or mountains, there is no
evidence of and river of water fall in this island. The island is most probably situated near
Caribbean because there is a lot of coconut tree. The islands unique shape with the north part of
the island wider that the south part of the island.

When this island being discover by the tourist developer, they still maintains the coconut three.
They build about 15 small huts for tourist to stay and enjoy the life in this island; they also build

a dock for a sail boat or a ship to land on the island. The tourist developer build a T shape dock
so it easier for the boat or ship to land on the same time. They also build some road for easy
access for the tourist to walk around the island. The tourist developer builds a large mansion
maybe for some tourist that need more space not just a small hut. They build a small road or
maybe a jogging track to the lagoon. The lagoon protected by a sand bag to prevent it from
erosion that being made by the wave. With the unique shape of the island the developer can do so
much more activity on the island and explore the northern part of the island.

Reference
1. https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/why-we-worry/201206/the-psychological-effects-tvnews
2. http://pne.people.si.umich.edu/kellogg/012.html
3. http://www.eruptingmind.com/effects-of-tv-on-brain/
4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17926432(Negative psychological effects of watching
the news in the television: relaxation or another intervention may be needed to buffer them!
By Szabo A1, Hopkinson KL.
5. http://jea.sagepub.com/content/16/3/301.abstract
:Physiological,
Behavioral,
and
Psychological Effects Associated with Television Viewing in Schoolboys: An Exploratory
Study by Michael Myrtek University of Freiburg, Germany, Christian Scharff University of
Freiburg, German, Georg Brgner University of Freiburg, Germany, Wolfgang Muller
University of Freiburg, Germany
6. https://prezi.com/p1qszuxzzapz/reality-television-and-the-physiological-effects-on-theyout/Reality Television and the Physiological Effects on the Yout by Kimberly Molina on 15
November 2013