INSTITUTO POLITCNICO NACIONAL

CENLEX Santo Toms

Centro de Auto Acceso
Gua de estudio
Idioma:
Nivel:
Unidades:

TOPIC 1

INGLS
Intensivo Bsico 1-2 (Final)
Traveller Elementary. Unidades 3 - 5

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES

A: Complete with the present progressive.

a. Carmen __________ a letter. (write)
b. _____ you _______ to me? (lie)
c. I _____________ the grass. (not cut)
d. Ximena __________ lettuce. (grow)
e. My brother and I __________ to school. (hurry)
B: Add ing to the verbs in the list.
draw

__________

run

__________

lie

__________

sit

__________

drive

__________

tie

__________

put

__________

give

__________

drink

__________

apply

__________

live

__________

grow

__________

begin

__________

type

__________

die

__________

repair

__________

C: Complete the sentences with the present continuous.

1. I _____________ (not/watch) the TV. You can change the channel.
2. Do you think the children _____________ (do) their homework?
3. Take it easy! She __________ (drive) as fast as she can!
4. ____________ (go) to the cinema this weekend?
5. I feel sick. I____________ (get) a flu.

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Diciembre 8, 2014.

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TOPIC 2

POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS EXERCISES

A: Transform the ideas with a similar idea.

1.-This is my TV, this TV is mine
2.- This car is my mother`s, it is _____________
3.- Those books are your books, they are _____________
4.- That is my brother`s car, it is _____________
5. Is this our class? Yes, it is _____________
6.- This is their classroom, it is _____________

TOPIC 3

THERE IS, THERE ARE

EXERCISES

Invent sentences using there is / there are (You can change the words to their plural forms if necessary)

1. Chair

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2. Tree

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Complete the following sentences with there isnt / there arent

3. __________________any movies that I want to see in the cinema

4. Im very hungry, but _________any food in the fridge
5. Its sunny today and _____________ a cloud in the sky
Describe the pictures using there is and there are.

1. _____________________________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________________________
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PROF. JAIME MOLINA SIERRA
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3. _____________________________________________________________________________________
4. _____________________________________________________________________________________
5. _____________________________________________________________________________________
6. _____________________________________________________________________________________
7. _____________________________________________________________________________________
8. _____________________________________________________________________________________
9. _____________________________________________________________________________________
10. _____________________________________________________________________________________

TOPIC 4

COUNTABLE/ UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS EXERCISES

Mark the nouns C (countable) or U (uncountable)

1 Dog

TOPIC 5

2 Butter

3 Orange

4 Love

5 Money

HOW MUCH, HOW MANY EXERCISES

Fill in some, any, a few or a little.

A: We need to do 1)________ shopping.
B: Yes, we haven`t got2)_______ potatoes and we need 3)_______ peppers, too.
A: We`ve got milk, but we haven`t got 4)______ biscuits left. Can you buy 5)_______?
B: OK. How much bread have we got?
TOPIC 6

ARTICLES

EXERCISES

Fill in the article with a, an or the.

1) I like_____ blue T-shirt.
2) I have ____ question.
3) Do you want ________ apple?
4) Can you see ____ moon?
5) Ben has ____ terrible headache.
6) What do you usually give _____ friend?
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TOPIC 7

PRESENT SIMPLE VS PRESENT CONTINUOUS

EXERCISES

Complete the following sentences. (Present progressive or simple present)

1. I _______ (work) now.
2. Nell _______ (not/watch) television. He doesnt like it
3. They _______ (go) to the cinema next week.
4. _______ you _______ (call) your mother now?
5. John _______ (read) the newspaper every day.
6. _______ Valerie _______ (study) English?

Complete the text with the PRESENT SIMPLE or PRESENT CONTINUOUS form of the verbs in brackets.
Dear Philip:
I 1)_______________ (write) to tell you about my holiday. I 2) _______________ (stay) with my friend in London for
three weeks, It 4) ____________ (rain). Tomorrow morning we 5) ________________ (go) sightseeing and in the
evening we 6) _______________ (plan) to go out for a nice meal. We both 7) ______________ (enjoy) international food
very much. I 8) ______________ (arrive) home next Saturday.
Love,
Steph
TOPIC 8

MODAL VERB SHOULD EXERCISES

Anna wants to lose some weight. Give her 5 suggestions on how to do it. Remember to use should.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

TOPIC 9

SIMPLE PAST

EXERCISES

Transform to past
1. He ____________ (write) a letter last Sunday.
2. Mary ____________ (not go) to school last week.
3. Where ____________ you ____________ (play) basketball two weeks ago?
4. When ____________ she ____________ (finish) your master degree?
5. They ____________ (buy) a new flat last month.
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Put the sentences in order.

1. not / she / finish / exam / did / the

___________________________________________________________

2. ? / you / did / washing up / do / the

___________________________________________________________

3. more / exercise / should / we / ? / do

___________________________________________________________

4. girl / when / walk / could / I / I /a / was / hands / with / my ___________________________________________

5. English / could / in / speak / you / high school / ?___________________________________________________
Complete the sentences according to what Ron did yesterday.

1.- _______________________________________________________________________________________________
2.- _______________________________________________________________________________________________
3.- _______________________________________________________________________________________________
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4.- _______________________________________________________________________________________________
5.- _______________________________________________________________________________________________
6.- _______________________________________________________________________________________________

Underline the correct option.

1. I didnt go to Rixtons concert ______.
1. yesterday
b) tomorrow

c) right now

2. Last night it ______ I didnt go out.

a)rained
b) rain

c) rained

3. During the holidays Cesar and his girlfriend went _____.

a) dance
b) dancing

c) dnaces

4. Somebody _____ my mobile phone! It was on my bag.

a) sold
b) hid

c) stole

TOPIC 10

VERB TO BE (PAST TENSE)

EXERCISES

Complete with was or were.

1. He ____________ very tired yesterday.
2. They ____________ not very happy together.
3. You ____________ very angry with me last night.
4. Her doctor____________ not very helpful.
5. They ____________ in France last summer.
6. Mr. Jones ____________ not in the office yesterday.
7. I ____________ in bed all morning.
8. It____________ not very warm in the swimming pool.
9. You ____________ not very friendly with my sister.
10. She ____________ a beautiful baby.

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TOPIC 11

COULD EXERCISES

Tom was a very intelligent child in school. Write the things you think he could do. Complete with COULD or COULDNT
He _________________________ speak English.
He _________________________ do Mathematics
He _________________________ read well.
He _________________________ jump 10 meters
He _________________________ draw well

TOPIC 12

ADVERBS OF MANNEREXERCISES

Select the correct option

Katy Perry is a very _____ singer.
a) good

b) well

c) loudly

b) clean

c) fast

You answered the exam _____.

a) fastly

Your sister has been working _____ all the week

a)Hard

b)Hardly

My friend is very ______

a)Nervously

b)Nervous

Did he say something _____?

a)anger

b) angrily

She has been ________.

a) Happily

b) very happy

They are so ___________.

a) enthusiastic
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b) enthusiastically
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READING SECTION
Interview with a Famous Actor
http://esl.about.com/library/quiz/bl_factor.htm?lastQuestion=4&answers=1&submit=Next+Question+%3E%3E&ccount=0

Interviewer: Thank you for taking some time off from your busy schedule to answer a few questions about your life!
Brad: It's my pleasure.
Interviewer: Could you tell us about an average day in your life?
Brad: Sure, I get up early - at 7 in the morning. Then I have breakfast. After breakfast, I go to the gym.
Interviewer: Are you studying anything now?
Brad: Yes, I'm learning a new film called "The Man About Town".
Interviewer: What do you do in the afternoon?
Brad: First I have lunch, then I go to the studio and shoot some scenes.
Interviewer: Which scene are you acting today?
Brad: I'm acting a scene about an angry lover.
Interviewer: That's very interesting. What do you do in the evening?
Brad: In the evening, I go home and have dinner and study my scripts.
Interviewer: Do you go out at night?
Brad: Not always, I like going out at weekends.
Why does the interviewer thank Brad?
a) for kissing him
b) for taking time off

c) for working

What does Brad do after breakfast?

a) He studies in school b) He goes to the studio. c)He goes to the gym.
What is Brad studying now?
a) The Man b) The Man About Town

c)The Lover boy

What does he do in the afternoon?

a) He goes to the studio.
b)He goes to the gym. c) He studies his scripts.
When does he like going out?
a) at night
b) on Sundays c) at weekends
Brad is angry to answer some questions

He goes to the gym before he has breakfast

He is studying a new film

He is working today

He likes going out at night

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Sick on Saturday

http://www.readingesl.ca/grammar/past.htm

I have just had a terrible weekend! On Saturday I was so tired that I slept all morning. When I woke up I had a head ache
and my throat was sore. My body ached all over. My nose ran and I coughed a lot. My mother took my temperature but
I did not have a fever.
My mother made me some soup for lunch and I ate it in bed. I drank some juice. I tried to read a book but
I couldnt keep my eyes open. I lay in bed all afternoon. I drifted in and out of sleep. I drank more juice. I felt miserable
all afternoon. I didnt want to do anything.
I got out of bed at dinner time. My parents ordered pizza for dinner and I was able to eat some of it. I drank more juice!
I felt a bit better after dinner so I stayed up. I snuggled under a blanket on the couch and watched some TV with my
parents. I fell asleep in front of the TV.
The next morning I felt better but now my mother had a cold! She looked miserable. It was her turn to be sick.
1. The boy was sick on Saturday.

2. On Sunday his father was sick.

3. He had a fever on Saturday.

4. He ate dinner in bed on Saturday.

Complete the following sentences

5. The family had _______________ for dinner on Saturday.
6. On Saturday night the boy fell asleep while he __________________________.
7. He had a head ______________ and his throat was ________________.
8. The boy drank lots of _______________.
9. What is the present tense of these verbs?
tried _____________

took _____________

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felt _____________

Diciembre 8, 2014.

did _____________

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LISTENING SECTION
Complete the text with the missing information.
Kate: Yes, that 1__________Aretha Franklin. Another classic tune. Coming up, we have lots more music and news, but
first its the traffic news. And its a busy day out on the roads, isnt it, John?
John: Yes, it is, Kate. Good morning. We 2 ___________ an accident in Regent Street. Theres a bus on fire. Everybody is
OK, but traffic 3__________ very slowly. A large group of people 4 __________ in the middle of Oxford Street.
I

__________ them, but I think theyre standing in front of the cars and

__________! So, traffic isnt moving. The

police 7 __________ to them at the moment.

Kate: Can you tell us anything about the incident in Euston Road?
John: Yes, Kate. Theres a lion. Yes, I 8__________a lion on Euston Road. Im looking at the camera now. A lot of cars are
moving slowly around it. Its 9 __________in the middle of the road and looking at the cars.
Kate: Where 10 __________it come from? Do you have any more news?
John: Well, the police said that they think it 11 ____________ from the zoo. Im 12__________for more information on
that. We have a report coming in now from East London. Theres a big traffic problem. Someone

13__________

on the

wrong side of the road.

Kate: Its another crazy day for drivers, then. Next traffic update at half past ten.

WRITING SECTION
Choose one of the situations below and write between 80-100 words.
You were accepted to study English at Cambridge University. Write an email to a friend giving your news.
Write a horror story with the title Red Christmas using the past tense.

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
___
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INSTITUTO POLITCNICO NACIONAL

CENLEX Santo Toms
Centro de Auto Acceso
Gua de estudio
Idioma:
Nivel:
Unidades:

INGLS
Intensivo Bsico 1-2 (Final)
Traveller Elementary. Unidades 3 - 5

ANSWER KEY

TOPIC 1

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES

a. Carmen is writing a letter.

b. are you lying to me?
c. I am not cutting the grass.
d. Ximena is growing lettuce.
e. My brother and I are hurrying to school.

B: Add ing to the verbs in the list.

drawing

running

lying

sitting

driving

tying

putting

giving

drinking

applying

living

growing

beginning

typing

dying

repairing

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C: Complete the sentences with the present continuous.

6. I am not watching the TV. You can change the channel.
7. Do you think the children are doing their homework?
8. Take it easy! She is driving as fast as she can!
9. Are you going to the cinema this weekend?
10. I feel sick. I am getting the flu.
TOPIC 2

POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS EXERCISES

A: Transform the ideas with a similar idea.

1.-This is my TV, this TV is mine
2.- This car is my mother`s, it is his
3.- Those books are your books, they are theirs
4.- That is my brother`s car, it is his
5. Is this our class? Yes, it is ours
6.- This is their classroom, it is theirs

TOPIC 3

THERE IS, THERE ARE

EXERCISES

Invent sentences using there is / there are (You can change the words to their plural forms if necessary)

6. Chair

there is a chair. There are seven chairs

7. Tree

There is a tree. There are many trees.

Complete the following sentences with there isnt / there arent

8. There arent any movies that I want to see in the cinema

9. Im very hungry, but there isn`t any food in the fridge
10. Its sunny today and there isn`t a cloud in the sky

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Describe the pictures using there is and there are.

11. There is a bank

TOPIC 4

COUNTABLE/UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

EXERCISES

Mark the nouns C (countable) or U (uncountable)

1 Dog C

TOPIC 5

2 Butter U

3 Orange C

4 Love U

5 Money U

HOW MUCH, HOW MANY EXERCISES

Fill in some, any, a few or a little.

A: We need to do 1)a little shopping.
B: Yes, we haven`t got2any potatoes and we need 3)some peppers, too.
A: We`ve got milk, but we haven`t got 4)any biscuits left. Can you buy 5)some
B: OK. How much bread have we got?

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TOPIC 6
ARTICLES
EXERCISES
Fill in the article with a, an or the.
1) I like the blue T-shirt.
2) I have a question.
3) Do you want an apple?
4) Can you see the moon?
5) Ben has a terrible headache.
6) What do you usually give a friend?

TOPIC 7

PRESENT SIMPLE VS PRESENT CONTINUOUS

EXERCISES

Complete the following sentences. (Present progressive or simple present)

7. I am working now.
8. Nell doesnt watch television. He doesnt like it
9. They are going to the cinema next week.
10. Are you calling your mother now?
11. John reads the newspaper every day.
12. Does Valerie study English?

Complete the text with the PRESENT SIMPLE or PRESENT CONTINUOUS form of the verbs in brackets.
Dear Philip:
I 1) am writing to tell you about my holiday. I 2) am staying with my friend in London for three weeks, It 4) is raining.
Tomorrow morning we 5) are going sightseeing and in the evening we 6) are planning to go out for a nice meal. We both
7) enjoy international food very much. I 8)am arriving home next Saturday.
Love,
Steph
TOPIC 8

MODAL VERB SHOULD EXERCISES

Anna wants to lose some weight. Give her 5 suggestions on how to do it. Remember to use should.
6. She should

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TOPIC 9

SIMPLE PAST

EXERCISES

Transform to past
6. He wrote letter last Sunday.
7. Mary didnt go to school last week.
8. Where did you play basketball two weeks ago?
9. When did she finish your master degree?
10. They bought a new flat last month.

Put the sentences in order.

6. Did she finish the exam?
7. Did you do the washing up?
8. Should we do more exercise?
9. When I was a girl I could walk with my hands
10. Could you speak English in high school ?
Complete the sentences according to what Ron did yesterday.
1.- He woke up late
2.- He had a cup of coffee
3.- He took a shower
4.- He ran to work
5.- He sang to his girlfriend
6.- He watched TV
Underline the correct option.
4. I didnt go to Rixtons concert yesterday
5. Last night it rained I didnt go out.
6. During the holidays Cesar and his girlfriend went dancing
7. Somebody stole my mobile phone! It was on my bag.

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TOPIC 10

VERB TO BE (PAST TENSE)

EXERCISES

Complete with was or were.

11. He was very tired yesterday.
12. They were not very happy together.
13. You were very angry with me last night.
14. Her doctor was not very helpful.
15. They were in France last summer.
16. Mr. Jones was not in the office yesterday.
17. I was in bed all morning.
18. It was not very warm in the swimming pool.
19. You were not very friendly with my sister.
20. She was a beautiful baby.

TOPIC 11

COULD EXERCISES

Tom was a very intelligent child in school. Write the things you think he could do. Complete with COULD or COULDNT
He could speak English.
He could do Mathematics
He could read well.
He couldnt jump 10 meters
He could draw well

TOPIC 12

ADVERBS OF MANNER EXERCISES

Katy Perry is a very good singer.

You answered the exam fast.
Your sister has been working hard all the week
My friend is very nervous
Did he say something angrily?
She has been very happy
They are so enthusiastic

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READING SECTION

Why does the interviewer thank Brad?

What does Brad do after breakfast?
What is Brad studying now?
What does he do in the afternoon?
When does he like going out?

B
C
B
A
C

Brad is angry to answer some questions

He goes to the gym before he has breakfast

He is studying a new film

He is working today

He likes going out at night

Sick on Saturday

http://www.readingesl.ca/grammar/past.htm

I have just had a terrible weekend! On Saturday I was so tired that I slept all morning. When I woke up I had a head ache
and my throat was sore. My body ached all over. My nose ran and I coughed a lot. My mother took my temperature but
I did not have a fever.
My mother made me some soup for lunch and I ate it in bed. I drank some juice. I tried to read a book but
I couldnt keep my eyes open. I lay in bed all afternoon. I drifted in and out of sleep. I drank more juice. I felt miserable
all afternoon. I didnt want to do anything.
I got out of bed at dinner time. My parents ordered pizza for dinner and I was able to eat some of it. I drank more juice!
I felt a bit better after dinner so I stayed up. I snuggled under a blanket on the couch and watched some TV with my
parents. I fell asleep in front of the TV.
The next morning I felt better but now my mother had a cold! She looked miserable. It was her turn to be sick.
1. The boy was sick on Saturday.

2. On Sunday his father was sick.

3. He had a fever on Saturday.

4. He ate dinner in bed on Saturday.

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Complete the following sentences

5. The family had _______________ for dinner on Saturday.
6. On Saturday night the boy fell asleep while he __________________________.
7. He had a head ______________ and his throat was ________________.
8. The boy drank lots of _______________.
9. What is the present tense of these verbs?
tried _____________

took _____________

felt _____________

did _____________

LISTENING SECTION
Complete the text with the missing information.
1 is
2 have_
3 _is moving
4 _is standing
5 _can hear
6 _singing
7 _are talking_
8 _said_
9 _is sitting
10 did
11 _escaped
12 waiting
13 _is driving

APPENDIX 1
TOPIC 1

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

Uses:
1) We use present progressive to talk about actions happening AT THE MOMENT OF SPEAKING.
I am reading a book now.
Juan is doing his math homework.
Paco and Jorge are watching TV.
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2) We use present progressive to talk about PLANS FOR THE FUTURE.

Mara is going to Mrida on Saturday.
I am visiting the dentist at 6 oclock.
Kim is having a party in the afternoon.

3) We use present progressive to talk about TEMPORAL ACTIVITIES.

Karinas father is working in Rome this month.
Vicky is living with her aunt while they are painting her house.
You are studying to become a doctor.

Time expressions:

We use now and right now to express that an action is happening at the moment.
Laura is baking a cake now.

We can use next week, month, year, etc. when we are talking about fixed plans.
Fernando and Luis are travelling to Chihuahua next weekend.

We can use this week, month, etc. when we are talking about temporary situations.
My brother and I are staying with my aunt this month.

Remember to put the words "always" or "constantly" between the verb to be and the verb in present participle.
Gabriel is always giving his best, thats why he is the captain of the team.

Present progressive affirmative

Singular
Plural
I am studying for My friends from
my exam.
high school and I
are going to
Oscar is playing
Acapulco next
soccer now.
week.
Gerardo and
Daniela is saving Sofia are getting
money for a car.
married next
Wednesday.
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Present progressive negative

Singular
Plural
He is not paying
You arent
attention to the
listening right
teacher.
now.

Diciembre 8, 2014.

Present progessive interrogative

Singular
Plural
Is Marta playing
Are they
well?
travelling to
Yes, she is, she is
Quertaro?
giving her best.
No, they arent,
they are
travelling to
Guadalajara.

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*Spelling rules for the ing form of the verbs

to close

closing

to move

moving

to be

being

to see

seeing

to die

dying

to lie

lying

to fly

flying

to play

playing

to run

running

to clap

clapping

to draw

drawing

to say

saying

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APPENDIX 2
TOPIC 2

POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS

We use them to show possession.

Subject pronouns

Possessive pronouns

Examples

Mine

The TV is mine.

You

Yours

That is my problem, not yours.

She

Hers

His hair is longer than hers.

He

His

This belongs to Juan. Its his

It

-----

We

Ours

That is our car. This car is ours.

They

Theirs

My parents have a house. The house

is theirs

APPENDIX 3
TOPIC 3

THERE IS, THERE ARE

We express existence with there

Singular

Plural

There is a river in my town.

There are two parks in my neighborhood.

There is ice on the lake

There are two parks in my neighborhood

There is a ghost in this room....

There are600 students in this school.

There is oil on the pavement

There are some apples on the desk

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Affirmative
There is a river in my town.

There is ice on the lake

Negative

Interrogative

There isn't an orange on the table.

There isn't ice on the lake.

Is there a balcony in the flat?

Yes, there is one.

No, there isn't.

There are600 students in this school.

There are some apples on the desk

There aren't two pictures on the wall. Are there two telephone lines?
Just one.
There aren't any chairs in my room.

Yes, there are. They are in the first

floor / No, there are not any yet

APPENDIX 4
TOPIC 4

COUNTABLE/UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

Countable nouns are words which can be counted. They have a singular form and plural form.
Uncountable nouns are words which cannot be counted. They have no plural forms. They usually refer to abstractions
(such as confidence or advice) or collectives (such as equipment).
SINGULAR
Chair
Bottle
Student
Orange
Table

PLURAL
Chairs
Bottles
Students
Oranges
Tables

Uncountable nouns are words which cannot be counted. They have no plural forms. They usually refer to abstract
concepts.

SINGULAR
Money
Water
Information
Salt
Love

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PLURAL
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APPENDIX 5
TOPIC 5

HOW MUCH, HOW MANY

We use them to investigate quantities. How much for singular nouns and How many for plural or countable nouns.
How much

How much

How many

How many

Money

Space

Cars

Oranges

(plural) (countable)

(plural) (countable)

How much money is

How much money do you

How many cars do you

How many oranges do you

there?

need?

have?

need?

Questions and answers

* Percentages are just reference

How much money do you have?

How many cars are there in Mexico City?

Too much (110%)

I have too much money.

Too many (110%)

There are too many cars.

Lots of (90%)

I have lots of money

Lots of (90%)

There are lots of cars.

A lot of (90%)

I have a lot of money

A lot of (90%)

There are a lot of cars.

Much (70%)

I have much money

Many (70%)

There are many cars.

Some (50%)

I have some money

Some (50%)

There are some cars.

Enough (40%)

I have enough money

Enough (40%)

There are enough cars.

Few(30%)

There are few cars.

A few (30%)

There are a few cars.

Quite a few (20%)

There are quite a few cars.

- - -A little (20%)

I have a little money

- - -Very little (10%)

I have very little money

Very few (10%)

There are very few cars.

Hardly any (5%)

I have hardly any money

Hardly any (5%)

There are hardly any cars.

No (0%)

I have no money

No (0%)

There are no cars.

Any (0%)

I dont have any money

Any (0%)

There arent any cars.

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APPENDIX 6
TOPIC 6

ARTICLES

The= definite article

The names a specific object

a/an = indefinite article

a/an names one in many objects.

Observe:
The

a, an

The capital of France is Paris.

I have found the book that I lost.
Have you cleaned the car?
There are six eggs in the fridge.
Please switch off the TV when you finish.

I was born in a town.

John had an omelette for lunch.
James Bond ordered a drink.
We want to buy an umbrella.
Have you got a pen?

APPENDIX 7
TOPIC 7

PRESENT SIMPLE VS PRESENT CONTINUOUS

Look at the difference:

Present simple
Routines / Habits :
Maria smokes every afternoon
Permanent Actions:
Pedro lives in Sevilla.
Current facts:
I have two brothers
Generally true:
The Queen of England lives in Buckingham Palace

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Present continuous
Actions happening now:
Maria is smoking
Temporal actions: Juan is staying at the Marriot hotel
Future actions: I am flying to Cancun tomorrow

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*Some verbs can never be in ING:

Like and dislike

Think

Perception

Possession

Like

Think

Taste

Have

Hate

Know

Smell

Own

Remember

Look

Need

Understand

Seem

Want

Mean

Sound

Contain

Relieve

Feel

Belong

Suppose

Measure

Love
Dislike
Want
Wish
Prefer
Don't mind

Remember, the majority of verbs take SIMPLE or CONTINUOUS forms

Verb

Simple Present

Present Continuous

Arrive

He arrives at 6:00PM

He is arriving at 6:00 tomorrow

Watch

He watches TV every day after school.

I am watching Tv right now

Live

Mary lives in New York

They are living near the metro station (temporal)

Need

The baby sleeps all day

Shhhhh! The baby is sleeping now

APPENDIX 8
TOPIC 8

MODAL VERB SHOULD

We use SHOULD to express recommendations, suggestions, pieces of advice; the form is similar to that of modals verbs
(will, can, etc)
Affirmative

Negative

Interrogative

I should study more.

I shouldnt copy in exams

Should I do it?

He should pay attention

He shouldnt drive

Should we repeat that?

We should stop smoking.

We shouldnt stop learning.

Should I go?

* should for all the persons: I, you, we, they, she, he. it

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APPENDIX 9
TOPIC 9

SIMPLE PAST

We use it to express actions in past.

Observation 1: there are regular and irregular verbs.

Regular
Avoid
Borrow
Call
Close
Cook
Drop
Live
Marry
Stop
Try

Irregular
Avoided
Borrowed
Called
Closed
Cooked
Dropped
Lived
Married
Stopped
Tried

Awake
Become
Blow
Come
Cut
Dug
Drink
Feel
Send
Steal

Awoke
Became
Blew
Came
Cut
Dig
Drank
Felt
Sent
Stole

Observation 2: similar form to that of present.

Affirmative
I went on vacation last
summer.
He saw an accident
yesterday.

Negative

Interrogative

Time expressions

I didnt go anywhere.

Did you go anywhere?

Yesterday

He dindt see anything .

Did you see anything?

Last month

Did you buy anything?

3 days ago

I bought a nice present for

I didnt buy one for you,

you.

sorry.

*verb in past

*verb in present

*verb in present

APPENDIX 10
TOPIC 10

VERB TO BE (PAST TENSE)

The most important Observation is SINGULAR or PLURAL

Singular
I was home
It was late
She was here
He was absent
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Plural
You were absent
They were sick
We were here

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Affirmative
I was tired this morning.
He was the best in class.
They were happy.

Interrogative
Were you sick?
Was he surprised?
Were they ready?

Negative
John was not in his
house.
You were not here.
We were not in school.

General questions
Where were you?
I was in school

APPENDIX 11
TOPIC 11
COULD

We use COULD to express possibilities in future, abilities in past and requests; the form is similar to that of modals verbs
(will, should, etc)
Possibility

Abilities in past

Requests

My mother could if she

wanted

The dog could swim when it

was a puppy

Could you tell me where

the bank is, please?

You could do it better

We could run fast 10 years

ago

Could you send me a

catalogue, please?

She could love you

Arturo could sing so nice

before

Could you keep quiet,

please?

I could do that

My uncle could talk so loud,

he has lost his vice now

Could you send me an email, please?

Affirmative

Negative

Interrogative

The boy crash the car the

last week. He could fix it.

The food was bad, we

couldnt eat it

Could you do the

homework?

My grandfather could jump

at least 2 meters.

In the 50s we couldnt play

videogames.

Could you please come?

I could sleep all day when I

was a child.

The policeman couldnt stop

the robber.

Could you lend me your

computer pleas?

The dog could run before

his operation.

My grandmother couldnt
study a career.

Could you send the

message?

Yesterday I could sleep, but

not now

Brenda was beautiful, but she

couldn't marry.

Could you swim when you

were 5?

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APPENDIX 12
TOPIC 12

ADVERBS OF MANNER

WE use adverbs to talk about the way, form or manner in which we do things. They usually come after the main verb
and the majority end with LY. (There are exceptions of course)

He drank quickly. [after the verb]

He drank the water fast . [after the object]

Some common adverbs:

Adjective

Adverb

*We use adjectives with verb to be

We use adjectives with any other verbs

Good

Well

Fast

Fast

Hard

Hard

Late

Late

Early

Early

Daily

Daily

Straight

Straight

Wrong

wrong / wrongly

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Look at some examples:

Adverb of manner
angrily
anxiously
bad

Examples of usage
react angrily, speak angrily, say something angrily
wait anxiously, say something anxiously
play bad, perform bad

beautifully

sing beautifully, play an instrument beautifully

carefully

speak carefully, walk carefully, drive carefully

carelessly

drive carelessly, act carelessly

clearly

speak clearly, explain something clearly

closely

look closely

correctly
deliberately
easily
enthusiastically
fast
frantically

spell correctly
make a mistake deliberately, lie deliberately
pass a test easily, win easily
clap enthusiastically, react enthusiastically
drive fast, talk fast
search frantically, run frantically

gently

hold something gently, touch something gently

happily

live happily

healthily

eat healthily, live healthily

hurriedly

speak hurriedly, walk hurriedly

innocently

say something innocently, act innocently

inquisitively

ask inquisitively, look at someone inquisitively

kindly

act kindly, speak kindly, say something kindly

mysteriously
naturally

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act mysteriously, disappear mysteriously

act naturally

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nervously
noisily

wait nervously, speak nervously

play noisely, eat noisily

patiently

wait patiently, listen patiently

perfectly

work perfectly, time something perfectly

politely

ask politely, smile politely, tell someone politely

powerfully

strike, hit a ball powerfully

quickly

swim quickly, speak/talk quickly, react quickly

safely

arrive safely, get home safely

silently

tiptoe silently, leave silently

slowly

drive slowly, repeat slowly

suspiciously
well

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act suspiciously, say something suspiciously

play well, speak well

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