Tomcat WHY ? WHAT ? HOW ?

Tomcat is a Java Servlet container and web server from the Jakarta project of the
Apache software foundation.
A web server dishes out web pages in response to requests from a user sitting at a
web browser.
But web servers are not limited to serving up static HTML pages; they can also run
programs in response to user requests and return the dynamic results to the users
browser.
Tomcat is very good at this because it provides both Java servlet and
JavaServerPages (JSP) technologies (in addition to traditional static pages and
external CGI programming).

why tomcat server ?

* provides support for deploying java based apps like,
- JSP docs
- WAR (Web Application aRchive) files
- has self contained HTTP server

+ Traditional fixed web pages contain static content.

+ The modern functionality is known as dynamic content, web pages being
constructed on demand when user browses the page's URL
Now, the web server had to evolve and support the ability to access database and
run server-side programs on behalf of client. Amongst several scripting language
options, Java Servlets and JSP are most scalable.

Apache Software Foundation is a open source community. Initially the members use
to code in C and C++, but later with introduction of Java as a development
language, the memebers started coding in Java. Eventually a sub-community
evolved for products written in Java, which was called Jakarta.
** Tomcat is a well known Jakarta product.

Tomcat is a Web server (an environment where the server-side programs can run)
that provides a service on TCP/IP port 8080 (by default).
++ Tomcat is also a Java servlet container.
++ A distinct component in Tomcat is, Catalina the servlet container that provides
support for servlet applications
What are Servlets and JSP ??
++ Servlets are server side java programs
++ They are request and response oriented programs
++ They are accessed via a URL and return information to a Web client, typically in
the form of an HTML page for display by a browser.
++ A client makes a request (you submit details in a html form, from the browser)
++ The servlets gets this data and process it and replies back.
Think of it like, you search for a device on the CUCM admin page, a request is sent
and the servlet creates a thread within which the client request is proceesed and it
responds to the client.

JSP
++ While servlets take care of the business logic, JSP takes care of the presentation
logic
++ When a request is sent to a servlet it process it and sends to JSP, which does the
presentation

++ Java servlets and JSPs provide the server-side functionality necessary to support
the features required by the latest Web-based applications.

++ Servlets and JSPs are Java applications running within a Web server container
that are invoked via a Web client (usually a browser).
++ Think of it as a program

jakarta tomcat is a web server that supports the provision of dynamic content using
the Java programming language. The Java Servlet Technology and JavaServer Pages
define a feature-rich environment for developing dynamic web pages